Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Administration of phorbol 12-myristate,13-acetate (PMA, 10 fmol-10 nmol) or phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDB, 0.2-495 nmol) (i.c.v.) to mice induced: hindlimb scratching, tremor, myoclonic jerks, hyperlocomotion, clonic seizure, followed by death or recovery. CD50 values for clonic seizures for PMA and PDB were 1.0 pmol and 1.2 nmol. 4-alpha-Phorbol (68-686 nmol) was inactive. The effects of PDB (24-247 nmol) were reduced by pretreatment with staurosporine (30 nmol, i.c.v.). Protein kinase C activators are potent convulsants in vivo.
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PMID:The protein kinase C activators, phorbol 12-myristate,13-acetate and phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate, are convulsant in the pico-nanomolar range in mice. 149 48

The effect of i.c.v. administration of dodecasodium and dicalcium inositolhexakisphosphate (Na12IP6 and Ca2IP6, respectively) to mice and rats was studied. In mice, Na12IP6 (1-300 nmol) or Ca2IP6 (10-500 nmol) induced: ataxia, ground-hugging, tremor (often continuous), scratching, hyperlocomotion, wild running, myoclonic jerks, jumping, clonic muscle spasms, tonic seizure, followed by death or full recovery. The CD50 values for clonic seizures for Na12IP6 and Ca2IP6 were 16 and 49 nmol, respectively. The convulsant effect of Na12IP6 (15 nmol i.c.v.) was not blocked by pretreatment with D(-)-4-(3-phosphonoprop-2-enyl)-piperazine-2-carboxylate, but was dose dependently reduced by pretreatment with CaCl2 (30-60 nmol i.c.v.) and abolished by coadministration of CaCl2 (30 nmol) with Na12IP6 (i.c.v.). In rats, Na12IP6 (50 nmol i.c.v.) induced severe electroencephalographic seizures in the hippocampus and cortex. The potent convulsant effect of IP6 (administered i.c.v.) depends at least in part on a calcium-chelating action.
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PMID:Inositolhexakisphosphate is convulsant in mice and rats in the nanomolar range. 208 46

The effects of carbon and nitrogen sources, incubation temperature, shaking speed, initial pH of culture broth as well as various concentration of NaCl on the production of cytotoxin by Salmonella choleraesuis SC-5 were evaluated in the present study. Results reveal that the optimal temperature, initial medium pH and shaking speed for cytotoxin production was 37 degrees C, pH 6.0-8.0 and 100 rpm, respectively. Tryptone was the best of the eight nitrogen sources tested for toxin production by S. choleraesuis. Among the nine carbon sources tested, S. choleraesuis produced a higher amount of cytotoxin in media containing glucose, fructose, galactose, sorbitol or mannitol as the carbon source. No toxin was detected in broths containing 4.0% or more sodium chloride in Tryptic soy broth (TSB). Cultures of S. choleraesuis in the medium containing 2.0% tryptone, 0.5% NaCl, 0.25% K2HPO4 and 0.25% of the best carbon source under the optimal conditions for 14 h resulted in the highest cytotoxin production. The Vero cell CD50 of S. choleraesuis lysate of cells grown under these optimal conditions was a titer of 589-758 per mg of lysate protein.
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PMID:Effects of carbon and nitrogen sources, sodium chloride and culture conditions on cytotoxin production by Salmonella choleraesuis. 1148 72