Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The elementary osmotic pump is a new delivery system for drugs or other active agents; it delivers the agent by an osmotic process at a controlled rate. Control resides in the: (a) water permeation characteristics of a semipermeable membrane surrounding the formulated agent, and (b) osmotic properties of the formulation. In its simplest embodiment, the system is constructed by coating an osmotically activie solid agent with the rate-controlling, semipermeable membrane. This membrane contains an orifice of critical size through which solubilized agent is dispensed. The system can contain the agent in solid form at loading higher than 90% of the total volume, and the agent can be delivered at rates several orders of magnitude higher than can be achieved by solution diffusion through polymeric membranes. The delivery rate, the fraction of total content delivered at zero order, and the system's delivery portal size have been calculated for delivery of a single compound. Experimental work verified the theory. The release rate from the system was found to be independent of outside agitation when the system is not deformed by shaking action, the pH of the environment, and delivery portal size for sizes within a specified range. The delivery rate from this system in vitro and in the GI tract of dogs was found to be equal.
 ...
PMID:Elementary osmotic pump. 0 10

Schizocytes may be obtained, if erythrocytes are being pressed through glassfibre threads under pressure. For the purpose of explaining the different mechanisms of schizocytes origin, model tests were made in the haemoresistometer according to Fleisch and in the shaking water bath. As schizocytes can easily be identified, they will yield valuable differential-diagnostical informations and will give a high evidence in checking the progress of transplanted patients.
 ...
PMID:[The relevance of schizocyte demonstration for the diagnosis of rejection in patients with transplanted kidneys]. 6 30

Methods for extraction, cleanup, and analysis of samples of water, mud, and fish containing trace quantities of Abate have been developed. Water was extracted by high-speed stirring of 10 ml of hexane in a 300-ml sample. The extracts were evaporated and analyzed by gas chromatography with a limit of detection of 0.00003 ppm. Dried mud samples were extracted by shaking with acetone. An aliquot of the acetone extract was diluted with water and the Abate extracted into 10 ml of hexane by high-speed stirring. The extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography. Fish were extracted with methylene chloride, cleaned up on a silica gel column, and analyzed by gas chromatography. The limit of sensitivity of the methods for mud and fish was found to be 0.001 ppm. Fish samples were stored for 3 weeks in 10% formalin containing 5% sodium thiosulfate without significant loss of Abate residues. A biological magnification of greater than 100 was observed in fish exposed to Abate for 16 hr at concentrations of 0.02 and 0.002 ppm.
 ...
PMID:Storage and analysis of samples of water, fish, and mud from environments contaminated with abate. 6 56

We have previously demonstrated the antagonizing effect of aspartic acid on some effects of morphine and on the development of physical dependence on, and tolerance to, morphine. In the present study, we have withdrawal from morphine or administration of a morphine antagonist. For this purpose sixty five white rats were given morphine and aspartic acid separately and in combination in a 5% saccharose solution instead of drinking water for 30 days. Some of the dependent rats were then withdrawn and others were injected with levallorphan. Flying, jumping, wet-dog shaking, body weight loss and motor activity were estimated and free amino acid levels in the brain were determined. Aspartic acid was found to prevent or antagonize the behavioural signs and the changes in the free amino acid levels in the brain. The results are discussed in the light of the previous data.
 ...
PMID:The antagonizing effect of aspartic acid on morphine withdrawal and levallorphan-precipitated abstinence syndrome signs and on associated changes in brain levels of free amino acids in the rat. 10 53

The rodlet layer of Neurospora crassa macroconidia has been purified and chemically characterized. Sheets of rodlets were released from the conidial surface by vigorously shaking conidia in water. Conidia were removed by filtration and low-speed centrifugation, and the rodlets were recovered from the supernatant by high-speed centrifugation. The rodlet pellet comprised 1.9% of the initial dry weight. Chemical analysis was hampered by the insolubility of the rodlets. They were not solubilized by heating in various protein-denaturing buffers and were only partially dissolved by heating in 1 M NaOH at 100 degrees C for 5 min. Nevertheless, they were found to be largely composed of protein (91%, based on total nitrogen). The major amino acids in acid hydrolysates were aspartic acid, glycine, serine, alanine, half-cystine, and valine. Glucosamine was not detected in acid hydrolysates. The sulfur content was 2.5%, and this could be accounted for in half-cystine and methionine. Carbohydrate comprised just over 2%. The phosphorus content was 0.21%, of which less than one-third was accounted for in phospholipid. The total fatty acid content was 1.0%, most of which could be accounted for by the fatty acids of the phospholipids.
 ...
PMID:Purification and chemical characterization of the rodlet layer of Neurospora crassa conidia. 16 Apr 7

Animal viruses, predominantly enteroviruses, were detected in shallow water at bottom depths and in clastic marine sediments. Viruses accumulated in sandy and slimy deposits of the sea bottom near the shore and could be easily released into water by means of simple mechanical shaking.
 ...
PMID:Detection of animal viruses in coastal seawater and sediments. 17 Aug 59

Thirthy-three alcoholics, aged between 31 and 82 years, were treated for 7 to 30 days with tiapride. The dosage was 600 mg/day (200 mg 3 times daily) by mouth or 100 to 800 mg/day I.M. Out of 27 cases of tremor treated, there were 25 favourable results, one average result and one nil result. Insomnia and character disorders, e.g. anguish, depression, nightmares, hallucinations, were improved during the first few days of treatment in 27 cases out of 30. Out of 12 cases of algo-paresthesia of the lower limb treated, the were 9 good or excellent results, 2 average results and 1 nil result. A favourable result was observed in 7 cases out of nine in vomiting, water brash (3 cases out of 4), and in 16 cases out of 20 in anorexia. No clinical or laboratory disturbance attributable to tiapride was noted in our patients whose general health was often very poor.
 ...
PMID:[Tiapride and alcoholic disorders of central origin. Apropos of 33 cases]. 21 35

Most of the previous literature concerning otologic problems in compressed gas environments has emphasized middle ear barotrauma. With recent increases in commercial, military, and sport diving to deeper depths, inner ear disturbances during these exposures have been noted more frequently. Studies of inner ear physiology and pathology during diving indicate that the causes and treatment of these problems differ depending upon the phase and type of diving. Humans exposed to simulated depths of up to 305 meters without barotrauma or decompression sickness develop transient, conductive hearing losses with no audiometric evidence of cochlear dysfunction. Transient vertigo and nystagmus during diving have been noted with caloric stimulation, resulting from the unequal entry of cold water into the external auditory canals, and with asymmetric middle ear pressure equilibration during ascent and descent (alternobaric vertigo). Equilibrium disturbances noted with nitrogen narcosis, oxygen toxicity, hypercarbia, or hypoxia appear primarily related to the effects of these conditions upon the central nervous system and not to specific vestibular end-organ dysfunction. Compression of humans in helium-oxygen at depths greater than 152.4 meters results in transient symptoms of tremor, dizziness, and nausea plus decrements in postural equilibrium and psychomotor performance, the high pressure nervous syndrome. Vestibular function studies during these conditions indicate that these problems are due to central dysfunction and not to vestibular end-organ dysfunction. Persistent inner ear injuries have been noted during several phases of diving: 1) Such injuries during compression (inner ear barotrauma) have been related to round window ruptures occurring with straining, or a Valsalva's maneuver during inadequate middle ear pressure equilibration. Divers who develop cochlear and/or vestibular symptoms during shallow diving in which decompression sickness is unlikely or during compression in deeper diving, should be placed on bed rest with head elevation and avoidance of maneuvers which result in increased cerebrospinal fluid and intralabyrinthine pressure. With no improvement in symptoms after 48 hours, exploratory tympanotomy and repair of a possible labyrinthine window fistula should be considered. Recompression therapy is contraindicated in these cases...
 ...
PMID:Diving injuries to the inner ear. 40 82

The solubility of the three steroid hormones, progesterone, testosterone, and estradiol-17 beta in water and phosphatidylcholine vesicles was measured after shaking and ultrasonication. All three steroids have low water solubility, which increases considerably at sonication for testosterone and estradiol-17 beta. The phosphatidylcholine vesicles have a very small solubilising capacity for the steroids; about 20 mumol/mol. This increases at sonication for estradiol-17 beta and decreases for testosterone. The capacity for progesterone is almost unaltered. The incorporation of cholesterol in the vesicles decreased the solubilisation capacity for testosterone and estradiol-17 beta but increased that for progesterone of shaked preparations. For the sonicated systems the cholesterol decreased the solubilising capacity for estradiol-17 beta but increased that for testosterone. The solubilisation experiments indicate that the steroid hormones are solubilised in the hydrocarbon part of the phosphatidylcholine bilayer and also 13CNMR results support this conclusion.
 ...
PMID:The solubilisation of some steroids by phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylcholine-cholesterol vesicles. 49 78

Estonian shale oil contains about 25--30% phenols, and their action determines the toxicity of shale oils. The clinical symptoms of intoxication are rather similar, regardless of route of administration. Due to neurotropic action, the coordination of movements is impaired, and clonic and tetanic convulsions, paresis and paralysis of extremities, and narcosis are observed. In subacute and chronic toxicity tests, dysfunction of the central nervous system was found. In long-term (4--6 month) experiments, changes in liver and kidney function were found. Shale oil has gonadotropic activity and causes changes in the sexual cycle as well as diminution of the number of primordial folicles in the ovaries or a decrease in the quantity of normal spermatogonia in testicular germinal epithelium. Shale oils produce local irritation of skin and mucous membranes. Shale oil can induce sensitization of the organism after repeated administration. The results of acute intoxication tests have proved that volatile and nonvolatile phenol fractions, isomeric dimethylphenols, and 5-methylresorcinol, must be characterized as moderately toxic substances; the LD50 ranges from 501 to 1500 mg/kg. The clinical symptoms of acute toxication are similar for all studied phenols (restlessness, unsteadiness, clonic tremor, paresis and paralysis of extremities, and death). In spite of the moderate toxicity of phenols in acute experiments, repeated administration of small doses can cause different changes in the nervous system and internal organs of experimental animals. For all the phenols studied, the maximum allowable concentration in water was limited by their effect on the organoleptic properties of water. The nonactive dose for warm-blooded animals is from 100 to 3000 times the threshold limit value of phenols on the basis of their organoleptic properties. The effect of commercial products of oil shale industry is generally determined by the toxicity of the main components: water-soluble oil shale phenols.
 ...
PMID:Toxicological studies of shale oils, some of their components, and commercial products. 57 2


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>