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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The rodlet layer of Neurospora crassa macroconidia has been purified and chemically characterized. Sheets of rodlets were released from the conidial surface by vigorously shaking conidia in water. Conidia were removed by filtration and low-speed centrifugation, and the rodlets were recovered from the supernatant by high-speed centrifugation. The rodlet pellet comprised 1.9% of the initial dry weight. Chemical analysis was hampered by the insolubility of the rodlets. They were not solubilized by heating in various protein-denaturing buffers and were only partially dissolved by heating in 1 M NaOH at 100 degrees C for 5 min. Nevertheless, they were found to be largely composed of protein (91%, based on total nitrogen). The major amino acids in acid hydrolysates were aspartic acid, glycine, serine, alanine, half-cystine, and valine. Glucosamine was not detected in acid hydrolysates. The sulfur content was 2.5%, and this could be accounted for in half-cystine and methionine. Carbohydrate comprised just over 2%. The phosphorus content was 0.21%, of which less than one-third was accounted for in phospholipid. The total fatty acid content was 1.0%, most of which could be accounted for by the fatty acids of the phospholipids.
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PMID:Purification and chemical characterization of the rodlet layer of Neurospora crassa conidia. 16 Apr 7

Parietal yolk-sacs of rat embryos at the fifteenth day of gestation were obtained by microdissection. A Reichert's membrane (RM) preparation was isolated by treating the parietal yolk-sacs with the chelating agent tetrasodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) combined with mechanical shaking. Less than 1% of the membrane preparation was DNA and phosphorus contaminants. The membrane purity was also evaluated by electrom microscopic examination. Rabbit Ig G directed against the RM preparation when injected ip into ninth day pregnant rats produced malformations, fetal growth retardation and resorption. Fluorescent-labeled antibody localization studies demonstrated that the teratogenic antibodies localized in RM. It is postulated that RM antibodies induce teratogenesis by interfering with the function of RM.
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PMID:Embryotoxic effects of heterologous antisera against rat Reichert's membrane. 32 73

The present study is an investigation of the mechanism of hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia induced by the intravenous injection of lead acetate (Pb-Ac). A total of 118 male rats were injected with 30 mg/kg of Pb-Ac, or with 16.5 mg/kg of sodium acetate as the control. The levels of serum calcium, phosphorus and lead were then determined at various time periods after the injections. Serum calcium and phosphorus levels increased with time after Pb-Ac injection and the maximum values of calcium (17 mg%) were found after 1 h and of phosphorus (13.5 mg%) after 30 min. Both calcium and phosphorus levels reverted to the normal range after 12 h. The maximum net rates of increase of calcium and phosphorus were found immediately after Pb-Ac injection. At that time, deposition of lead at the calcifying sites of bone and incisor dentin was demonstrated by a histochemical examination. In other experiments the changes in the calcium and phosphorus contents in the medium after shaking bone powder in serum with Pb-Ac in an in vitro system were studied. It was confirmed that the calcium and phosphorus were displaced from the bone mineral, the extent of the displacement being correlated with the concentration of the Pb-Ac added to the medium, and that these displacements were very rapid reactions. These results suggest that hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia following Pb-Ac injection results from a direct action of lead on the bone mineral.
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PMID:Mechanism of induction of hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia by lead acetate in the rat. 59 44

The cause of the yearly death of an estimated 1,000 to 2,000 migrating dabbling ducks (Anas spp.) and 10 to 50 swans (Cygnus buccinator and C. columbianus) has remained a mystery for the last ten years in Eagle River Flats (ERF), a 1,000 ha estuarine salt marsh near Anchorage, Alaska, used for artillery training by the U.S. Army. We have gathered evidence that the cause of this mortality is the highly toxic, incendiary munition white phosphorus (P4). The symptoms of poisoning we observed in wild ducks included lethargy, repeated drinking, and head shaking and rolling. Death was preceded by convulsions. Farm-reared mallards dosed with white phosphorus showed nearly identical behavioral symptoms to those of wild ducks that became sick in ERF. White phosphorus does not occur in nature but was found in both the sediments where dabbling ducks and swans feed and in the gizzards of all carcasses collected in ERF. We hypothesize that feeding waterfowl are ingesting small particles of the highly toxic, incendiary munition P4 stored in the bottom anoxic sediments of shallow salt marsh ponds.
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PMID:White phosphorus poisoning of waterfowl in an Alaskan salt marsh. 147 72

Dementia--a syndrome of acquired intellectual deterioration--is an etiologically non-specific condition which is permanent, progressive, or reversible. In the evaluation of demented patients, a careful exposure history will determine the possible role of drugs, metals, or toxins. The physical examination may reveal focal deficits in cases of intracranial mass lesions and spasticity or ataxia of the lower limbs if hydrocephalus is present. Coexistance of dementia and peripheral neuropathy usually indicates a toxic or metabolic disorder. Asterixis, myoclonus, and postural tremor are common in toxic-metabolic dementias, while resting tremor, choreoathetosis, and rigidity occur in progressive extrapyramidal disorders. EEG is focally abnormal in cases of cerebral mass lesions and exhibits generalized slowing in toxic-metabolic encephalopathies. CT will aid in the identification of hydrocephalus, subdural hematomas, and intracranial mass lesions. A thorough laboratory evaluation including complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen and blood sugar, liver and thyroid tests, calcium and phosphorus levels, B12 and folate levels, serum copper and ceruloplasmin, VDRL, chest X-ray, electrocardiogram, and lumbar puncture may demonstrate treatable disorders that are adversely affecting intellectual function. Elderly individuals are particularly susceptible to the effects of toxic or metabolic disorders, and a mild dementia might be exaggerated by relatively minor fluctuations in metabolic status. Treatable causes of dementia should be considered in all demented patients.
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PMID:[Treatable dementia syndromes]. 358 48

The authors report two computed tomographic observations of Fahr's disease without disturbances in calcium-phosphorus metabolism; the first case is a by chance discovery and the second one is characterized by a cerebellar tremor. From the literature data they discuss successively clinical, radiological and computed tomographic, neuropathological, aetiopathogenetic and therapeutic aspects actually presented by strio-pallido-dentate calcifications (SPD) or Fahr's disease.
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PMID:[Present data of Fahr's syndrome. Report of two cases of idiopathic strio-pallido-dentate calcifications revealed by computerized tomography (author's transl)]. 627 28

Dementia, a syndrome of acquired intellectual deterioration, is an etiologically nonspecific condition that can be permanent or reversible. When evaluating demented patients, a careful exposure history will determine the possible role of drugs, metals, or toxins. Physical examination may reveal focal deficits in cases of intracranial mass lesions and spasticity or ataxia of the lower limbs if hydrocephalus is present. Coexistence of dementia and a peripheral neuropathy usually indicates the existence of a toxic or metabolic disorder. Depressed mood, sleep disturbance, anorexia, impotence, constipation, and psychomotor retardation indicate the presence of a depressive syndrome. Asterixis, myoclonus, and postural tremor are common in toxic-metabolic dementias, whereas resting tremor, choreoathetosis, or rigidity occur in progressive extrapyramidal disorder. EEG is focally abnormal in cases of cerebral mass lesions and shows generalized slowing in toxic-metabolic encephalopathies. CT will aid in the identification of hydrocephalus, subdural hematomas, and intracranial mass lesions. A thorough laboratory evaluation including complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen and blood sugar, liver and thyroid function tests, serum calcium and phosphorus levels, B12 and folate levels, serum copper and ceruloplasmin, VDRL, chest X-ray, electrocardiogram, and lumbar puncture may demonstrate treatable disorders that are adversely affecting intellectual function. Elderly individuals are particularly susceptible to the effects of toxic or metabolic disorders, and a mild dementia may be exaggerated by relatively minor fluctuations in metabolic status. Treatable causes of dementia should be sought in all demented patients.
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PMID:Treatable dementias. 635 58

Several techniques were evaluated for extracting triphenyl phosphate (TPP), 14C-labeled TPP, cresyl diphenyl phosphate, and tricresyl phosphate isomers (o-TCP, m-TCP, and p-TCP) from fish and sediment samples. Extracts of fish samples were cleaned up by gel permeation chromatography/alumina column chromatography; sediment extracts received alumina treatment only. Compounds were determined by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) with nitrogen-phosphorus detection. Methanol/Polytron and hexane/ball mill extraction of fish samples fortified at 0.01, 0.1, and 1.0 microgram/g levels gave overall recoveries of the 5 compounds of 89 and 97%, respectively. Methanol recovered more radioactivity (97%) from fish exposed to 14C-TPP in aquaria for 24 h than did hexane from fish exposed for 16 h (79%). Refluxing fortified sediment (0.05 and 0.5 microgram/g) with methanol-water (9 + 1) gave significantly higher recoveries (88%) of the 5 triaryl phosphates than did dichloromethane-methanol (1 + 1) reflux or acetone-hexane (1 + 1) Soxhlet extraction. Recoveries of TPP and o-, m- and p-TCP from fortified river water (0.5, 5.0, and 50 microgram/L) by shaking with dichloromethane ranged from 91 to 118%. Some problems were encountered with interfering GLC peaks at low (microgram/g) levels in fish and sediment extracts despite the use of nitrogen-phosphorus specific detectors.
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PMID:Extraction and cleanup of fish, sediment, and water for determination of triaryl phosphates by gas-liquid chromatography. 720 13

A simple and rapid method for the determination of amphetamine (AP) and methamphetamine (MA) in human hair was developed by headspace solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection (GC-NPD). The hair (1 mg) was dissolved in 0.2 ml of a 5 M sodium hydroxide solution in a tightly sealed vial by shaking at 75 degrees C for about 5 min. In order to adsorb AP and MA on the SPME fiber, 100 microm of polydimethylsiloxane fiber was exposed to the headspace of the vial, and the vial was heated at 55 degrees C for 20 min. Then the fiber was removed from the vial and inserted into the injection port of the GC-NPD system using a CBJ-17 capillary column. The compounds adsorbed on the fiber were analyzed by exposing the fiber at 220 degrees C for 30 s in the GC injection port. By using this method, AP and MA in human hair could be analyzed simply and rapidly without any interference from coexisting substances. The percentages of AP and MA extracted from human hair by the SPME method were 48 and 62%, respectively, and relative standard deviations were below 10% (n=5). The calibration curves for AP and MA were linear in the ranges of 0.4-15 and 4-160 ng/mg hair, respectively. The detection limits of AP and MA at a signal-to-noise ratio of three were 0.1 and 0.4 ng/mg hair, respectively. This method could be applied to the analysis of an abuser's hair sample.
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PMID:Determination of amphetamine and methamphetamine in human hair by headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection. 961 38

Cow's, ewe's, and goat's milk samples were treated with carbon dioxide gas until a pH of 6.1 was reached and stored at 4 degrees C to determine the resulting modifications in the mineral balance. The amounts of calcium and phosphorus dissolved during the acidification were similar in the three species. The acidification with CO2 produced the dissolution of phosphorus and magnesium in concentrations similar to those attained by acidification with lactic acid or hydrochloric acid. Still, the contents of soluble calcium and ionic calcium were higher with the CO2 treatment. The increase of ionic calcium due to the addition of CO2 could explain why milk subjected to such treatment is better suited for coagulation. Removal of added CO2 by shaking the milk for several hours at atmospheric pressure resulted in a higher concentration of ionic-calcium than was found in control milks to which no CO2 had been added. Thus the addition of CO2 improved milk's technological suitability for cheesemaking.
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PMID:Salt balance and rennet clotting properties of cow's, ewe's, and goat's milks preserved with carbon dioxide. 970 55


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