Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The S-100 family of proteins are acidic calcium and zinc binding low molecular weight proteins mainly present in astrocytes and in a population of oligodendrocytes of the CNS. S100b, an acidic low weight and zinc binding protein, has attracted considerable interest due to its release into the cerebrospinal fluid and blood from brain tissue following brain damage and from malignant melanomas. A new simple two-step incubation assay has now been elaborated in which two catcher and one tracer monoclonal antibodies are used. The specificity of this assay is high because all the MAbs used bind exclusively to S-100B, as shown by real-time biospecific interaction analyses. Moreover, the working range of the assay is 0.2-60 micrograms/L with a CV of less than 10%; the resulting high sensitivity has been confirmed by clinical studies. Time dependence, shaking conditions, lower limit of detection limits, effects of dilution, hook effect, recovery, impression as intra- and interassay variations, and crossreactivities with S-100A1 were tested in order to obtain a highly reproducible assay. Sera from healthy blood donors and patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass operations were tested with the assay. Several of the patients undergoing open heart surgery presented measurable values in this IRMA S-100 assay, indicating cerebral effects of open heart surgery. The test may be used for postoperative monitoring of these patients.
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PMID:A new specific method for measuring S-100B in serum. 1076 38

Human insulin in zinc suspension was used as a model protein to test the effect of shear on the settling rate of proteins, a possible inference for protein denaturation. The rate of settling was determined directly in a spectrophotometer. Shear effects are important in retaining the activity of proteins and are present in bubble, foam, and droplet protein fractionation processes. A simple test, such as that conducted here, may even be useful for monitoring changes in protein structure caused by commercial shipping of the protein. The settling rate for insulin was continuously monitored in the original bottle by spectrophotometric absorbance changes as a function of time. A settling curve was determined following each shear experiment, which included shaking the "worked" insulin solution in a vortex mixer for different lengths of time. It was determined, when comparing long shaking times with short ones, that the initial settling rate was less for the long-term shaking of the insulin samples and greater for the short-term shaking. The secondary effects of light and heat, along with shaking, apparently did not produce differences from shaking alone.
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PMID:Effect of shear on human insulin in zinc suspension. 1084 34

We describe a case of Wilson's disease with late psychiatric onset. Major depressive disorder was the first clinical manifestation at the age of 38 years. After pharmacotherapy with antidepressive agents, a manic episode was observed. Extrapyramidal hand tremor and micrography were the first neurological signs. Emotional lability occurred during worsening of extrapyramidal signs. Diagnosis was based on urinary and serum copper levels, ceruloplasmin serum level, Kayser-Fleischer ring, and liver biopsy that detected cirrhosis. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed basal ganglia hyperintensity on T1-weighted images, and hypodensity in the central part and hyperintensity in the peripheral part of the lentiform nucleus on T2-weighted images. Hyperintensity on T2-weighted images was also observed in the dorsal part of the midbrain. 123I-iodobenzamide single photon emission computed tomography (IBZM-SPECT) detected a normal distribution of the drug in the brain, with better signal in the right side and deficit of D2-dopaminergic receptors in the basal ganglia. Abnormal manganese erythrocyte level was observed. Treatment was based on penicillamine, zinc salts, low-copper diet, antidepressant agents, interpersonal psychotherapy and neurorehabilitation.
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PMID:Psychiatric symptoms as late onset of Wilson's disease: neuroradiological findings, clinical features and treatment. 1093 85

Eighty-three isolates from different soil samples exhibited the potential for producing active extracellular phytase. The most active fungal isolate with phytase activity was identified as Penicillium simplicissimum. In shaking culture with enrichment medium, the highest extracellular phytase activity of the producing strain was 3.8 U/mL. The crude enzyme filtrate was purified to homogeneity using ultrafiltration. IEC and gel filtration chromatography. The molar mass of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 65 kDa on SDS-PAGE. The saccharide identification with periodic acid-Schiff reagent (PAS) and activity recognition by 1-naphthyl phosphate was all positive. The isoelectric point of the enzyme, as deduced by isoelectric focusing, was pH 5.8, the optimum pH and temperature being pH 4.0 and 55 degrees C, respectively. The purified enzyme revealed broad substrate specificity and was strongly inhibited by Fe2+, Fe3+ and Zn2+; however, no inhibition was found by EDTA and PMSF. Phytase activity was inhibited when 2 mmol/L of dodecasodium phytate was added and the Km for it was determined to be 813 mmol/L.
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PMID:Isolation and characterization of a novel phytase from Penicillium simplicissimum. 1127 18

An ultrasonic bath and an ultrasonic probe have been used to develop rapid versions of the three-stage Community Bureau of Reference (BCR, now the Standards, Measurement and Testing Programme) sequential extraction procedure. The effect of the ultrasonic treatments on the extraction of copper, iron, manganese and zinc from a sewage sludge-amended soil has been assessed. Recoveries similar to those of conventional shaking (i.e., conventional value, +/- 30%) could generally be obtained for copper, manganese and zinc, but not for the important matrix element iron. With the use of compromise sonication conditions, steps 1, 2 and 3 of the sequential extraction (excluding the hydrogen peroxide digestion in step 3, which was not performed with sonication) could be completed in 3, 5 and 1 min, respectively, using the ultrasonic probe, and in 3, 1 and 1 h, respectively, using the bath. The extraction procedures developed using the soil performed well when applied to lake sediment BCR CRM 601. Analyte partitioning was generally similar to that obtained with mechanical shaking, and overall metal recoveries were 84-98% of those obtained with the conventional BCR protocol, except for copper extracted with the probe (74%). Poorer performance (analyte recoveries, 58-104%) was obtained when the methods were applied to an intertidal sediment. This highlights the difficulty of developing a version of the BCR extraction, with ultrasonic assistance, which gives a performance equivalent to conventional shaking when applied to different substrates.
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PMID:Effect of ultrasonic agitation on the release of copper, iron, manganese and zinc from soil and sediment using the BCR three-stage sequential extraction. 1152 40

The extraction rates of cadmium(II) and zinc(II) with dithizone (H2dz) in the presence of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) were measured, and the possible kinetic separation of cadmium(II) from zinc(II) was investigated. Upon the addition of NTA, the difference in the extraction rate between cadmium(II) and zinc(II) became large. Based on the observed rate constant under the condition [NTA] = 1 x 10(-2) mol dm-3, [H2dz]org = 1 x 10(-3) mol dm-3, and pH = 7.0, the shaking time required for the quantitative separation of cadmium(II) from zinc(II) was calculated to be between 326 and 995 s. The experimental results agreed with the prediction, and the quantitative separation of cadmium(II) from zinc(II) was performed within the above-mentioned range of shaking times.
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PMID:Kinetically controlled separation of cadmium(II) from zinc(II) with dithizone in the presence of nitrilotriacetic acid. 1175 13

We present the first reported study of Ruta graveolens toxicity in 7-8-month-old Nubian goats. Oral administration of 5 g/kg bw per day of R. graveolens leaves caused tremor, dyspnoea, frequent urination, incoordination of movement, ataxia and recumbency, with death after 1-7 days. In goats receiving oral doses of 1 g/kg bw per day of the leaves, the course of toxicity was prolonged and the animals had pallor of the visible mucous membranes and loss in condition; one died on day 17, the others being slaughtered on days 41 and 46. The clinical effects were correlated with pathological changes in various organs, alterations in serum aspartate transaminase, creatine kinase, total protein, cholesterol, urea and other serum constituents, haematological values and the concentrations in the tissues of copper, iron, zinc, manganese, calcium and phosphorus.
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PMID:Preliminary observations on experimental Ruta graveolens toxicosis in Nubian goats. 1216 28

Infantile tremor syndrome is characterized by coarse tremors, mental and physical retardation, light colored brown hair, skin pigmentation and anemia. Amongst the theories proposed for the etilogy of the disorder, the nutritional theory is most accepted. In this case report, we have presented a fourteen-month-old male child with ITS and documented zinc deficiency. Though most of the previous workers have proposed vitamin-B12 deficiency as the etimology for ITS, our report suggests that zinc deficiency could also have a causative role.
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PMID:Infantile tremor syndrome and zinc deficiency. 1250 16

Wilson's disease is a genetic disorder of copper metabolism with a hepatic or neurologic presentation. A hepatic presentation is more common in young children. Neurologic Wilson's disease often manifests as a movement disorder with dystonia, tremor, and dysarthria. Psychiatric or behavioral symptoms can also be a presenting feature of Wilson's disease. We describe an atypical neurologic presentation in a prepubertal child with minimal hepatic involvement; in which transient hemiparesis and encephalopathy dominated her initial neurologic presentation. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed extensive cortical and subcortical signal change, in addition to the classical basal ganglia signal abnormality observed in Wilson's disease. She was treated with oral tetrathiomolybdate anticopper therapy, followed by zinc maintenance. Her clinical status and brain imaging improved considerably at 1 year after treatment initiation. Neurologic Wilson's disease may have diverse presentations, and should be considered in children who present with cortical features and signal change on magnetic resonance imaging.
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PMID:Atypical childhood Wilson's disease. 1473 53

A radiotracer method was applied to the measurement of inorganic contaminants migrating into food. The method was applied to the study of 10 samples of recycled paper and board. The only elements detected in the static migration test were zinc and iron, at concentrations close to the detection limit. Samples of rice, oats, custard powder, mushrooms and fries showed that traces of these elements had migrated from the packaging. The migration was limited to less than 1%, with the exception of the mushrooms, where the decomposition of the food had resulted in a 12.5% transfer of zinc from the mushroom bag after 8 days, equivalent to migration of 0.022 mg dm(-2). Shaking had no effect on migration, except in one case of custard powder where migration occurred at a level equivalent to 0.002 mg dm(-2). The maximum migration determined in the present study was 4.8 microg zinc and 2.6 microg iron, which is negligible when compared with the recommended daily intakes of 15 and 14 mg, respectively. When Tenax was tested as a food simulant, no zinc was detected (< 0.001 mg dm(-2)), although slight migration (0.001 mg dm(-2)) occurred into food.
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PMID:Migration of inorganic contaminants into dry food from packaging made from recycled paper and board. 1520 52


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