Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Laccase activity was detected in a soil bacterium Stenotrophomonas maltophilia AAP56 identified by biochemical and molecular methods. It was produced in cells at the stationary growth phase in Luria Bertani (LB) medium added by 0.4 mM copper sulfate. The addition of CuSO(4) in culture medium improved production of laccase activity. However, one laccase enzyme was detected by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme showed syringaldazine (K (m) = 53 microM), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (K (m) = 700 microM), and pyrocatechol (K (m) = 25 microM) oxidase activity and was activated by addition of 0.1% (v/v) Triton-X-100 in the reaction mixture. Moreover, the laccase activity was increased 2.6-fold by the addition of 10 mM copper sulfate; the enzyme was totally inhibited by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (5 mM), suggesting that this laccase is a metal-dependant one. Decolorization activity of some synthetic dyes (methylene blue, methyl green, toluidine blue, Congo red, methyl orange, and pink) and the industrial effluent (SITEX Black) was achieved by the bacteria S. maltophilia AAP56 in the LB growth medium under shaking conditions.
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PMID:A new Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain producing laccase. Use in decolorization of synthetics dyes. 1893 56

Trace amounts of thallium in high-purity indium are separated from the matrix by extraction from 6M hydrochloric acid by di-isopropyl ether. On shaking the extract with Brilliant Green in 0.15M hydrochloric acid, an ion-association complex is formed in the organic phase. Interference of other elements is removed by their reduction with metallic copper and scrubbing. The proposed method permits determination of 10(-5)-10(-6)% thallium in high-purity indium with good precision and accuracy.
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PMID:Extraction-spectrophotometric determination of thallium in high-purity indium. 1896 24

The extraction of copper(II) from strongly acidic solution (0.01-8M hydrochloric acid) with ammonium 1-pyrrolidinecarbodithioate in isobutyl methyl ketone has been investigated. The shaking time needed for quantitative extraction decreases as the acidity is increased. The effect of the mutual solubility of the organic solvent and the aqueous phase is significant when the acidity of the aqueous phase is increased. The acidity of the aqueous phase mainly affects the kinetic stability of the chelate during the shaking period, rather than the decomposition of the chelating agent. The kinetic stability of the chelate apparently depends on the mole ratio of reagent to copper, the half-lives for the chelate extracted from 4M hydrochloric acid being 29.0, 40.0 and 85.0 min for reagent: metal mole ratios of 10, 100 and 1000, respectively.
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PMID:Effect of acidity on the extraction and kinetic stability of the copper(II)/APCD/IBMK system in strongly acidic media. 1896 90

The synthesis, physicochemical properties and interactions of two new thiocarbohydrazones, namely 1,5-bis[1-(2-pyridyl) ethylidene] thiocarbonohydrazide (APTH) and 1,5-bis[phenyl-(2-pyridyl) methylene] thiocarbonohydrazide (BPTH) have been studied as well as the use of both compounds as extracting reagents. These thiocarbohydrazones form yellow complexes with bivalent metal ions, and these are extractable into methyl isobutyl ketone. Conditions for quantitative extraction of Cd(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) are established from a critical study of the effect of pH, shaking time, reagent concentration in the organic phase, ionic strength and volume ratio of aqueous to organic phase.
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PMID:Preconcentration of cadmium, cobalt, copper, nickel and zinc by solvent extraction into methyl isobutyl ketone with 1,5-bis [1-(2-pyridyl) ethylidene] thiocarbonohydrazide and 1,5-bis [phenyl-(2-pyridyl) methylene] thiocarbonohydrazide. 1896 88

A system for separation of zinc traces from large amounts of cadmium is proposed in this paper. It is based on the solid-phase extraction of the zinc in the form of thiocyanate complexes by the polyurethane foam. The following parameters were studied: effect of pH and of the thiocyanate concentration on the zinc extraction, shaking time required for quantitative extraction, amount of PU foam necessary for complete extraction, conditions for the separation of zinc from cadmium, influence of other cations and anions on the zinc sorption by PU foam, and required conditions for back extraction of zinc from the PU foam. The results show that zinc traces can be separated from large amounts of cadmium at pH 3.0+/-0.50, with the range of thiocyanate concentration from 0.15 to 0.20 mol l(-1), and the shaking time of 5 min. The back extraction of zinc can be done by shaking it with water for 10 min. Calcium, barium, strontium, magnesium, aluminum, nickel and iron(II) are efficiently separated. Iron(III), copper(II) and cobalt(II) are extracted simultaneously with zinc, but the iron reduction with ascorbic acid and the use of citrate to mask copper(II) and cobalt(II) increase the selectivity of the zinc extraction. The anions nitrate, chloride, sulfate, acetate, thiosulphate, tartarate, oxalate, fluoride, citrate, and carbonate do not affect the zinc extraction. Phosphate and EDTA must be absent. The method proposed was applied to determine zinc in cadmium salts using 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol (PAR) as a spectrophotometric reagent. The result achieved did not show significant difference in the accuracy and precision (95% confidence level) with those obtained by ICP-AES analysis.
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PMID:Quantitative separation of zinc traces from cadmium matrices by solid-phase extraction with polyurethane foam. 1896 83

A sensitive differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetric method is described for the determination of alendronate sodium, desferrioxamine mesylate and lisinopril. The procedure is based on the formation of labile drug-copper(II) complex when shaking with copper(II) phosphate suspension. The voltammetric peaks, which correspond to the reduction of the copper(II) moiety of the formed complexes are obtained at -153, -74 and -111 mV, respectively. The different experimental parameters have been carefully studied. The method has been fully validated. The limit of detection was as low as 8.6 ng ml(-1). The method has been applied successfully for the determination of the drugs in plasma and in their pharmaceutical preparations. The obtained results were compared statistically with those obtained from a published method, in case of AS, or the official USP methods, for the other two drugs.
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PMID:The utilization of copper(II) phosphate for the anodic stripping voltammetric assay of alendronate sodium, desferrioxamine mesylate and lisinopril. 1896 98

Amberlite XAD-16 resin has been functionalized using nitrosonaphthol as a ligand and characterized employing elemental, thermogravimetric analysis and FT-IR spectroscopy. The sorption of Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions onto this functionalized resin is investigated and optimized with respect to the sorptive medium (pH), shaking speed and equilibration time between liquid and solid phases. The monitoring of the influence of diverse ions on the sorption of metal ions has revealed that phosphate, bicarbonate and citrate reduce the sorption up to 10-14%. The sorption data followed Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherms. The Freundlich parameters computed are 1/n=0.56+/-0.03 and 0.49+/-0.05, A=9.54+/-1.5 and 6.0+/-0.5 mmol g(-1) for Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions, respectively. D-R isotherm yields the values of X(m)=0.87+/-0.07 and 0.35+/-0.05 mmol g(-1) and of E=9.5+/-0.23 and 12.3+/-0.6 kJ mol(-1) for Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions, respectively. Langmuir characteristic constants estimated are Q=0.082+/-0.005 and 0.063+/-0.003 mmol g(-1), b=(4.7+/-0.2)x10(4) and (7.31+/-0.11)x10(4)l mol(-1) for Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions, respectively. The variation of sorption with temperature gives thermodynamic quantities of DeltaH=-58.9+/-0.12 and -40.38+/-0.11 kJ mol(-1), DeltaS=-183+/-10 and -130+/-8 J mol(-1)K(-1) and DeltaG=-4.4+/-0.09 and -2.06+/-0.08 kJ mol(-1) at 298 K for Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions, respectively. Using kinetic equations, values of intraparticle transport and of first order rate constant have been computed for both the metal ions. The sorption procedure is utilized to preconcentrate these ions prior to their determination in tea, vegetable oil, hydrogenated oil (ghee) and palm oil by atomic absorption spectrometry using direct and standard addition methods.
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PMID:The efficacy of nitrosonaphthol functionalized XAD-16 resin for the preconcentration/sorption of Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions. 1907 26

Heavy metal removal from industrial wastewater is not only to protect living organisms in the environment but also to conserve resources such as metals and water by enabling their reuse. To overcome the disadvantage of high cost and secondary pollution by the conventional physico-chemical treatment techniques, environmentally benign and low-cost adsorbents are in demand. In this study, the use of raw and acid-pretreated bivalve mollusk shells (BMSs) to remove metals from aqueous solutions with single or mixed metal was evaluated at different BMSs doses, pH and temperatures in batch shaking experiments in laboratory conditions. When the BMSs were used to treat CuSO(4)x5H(2)O solution, the copper sorption capacities of the raw and acid-pretreated BMSs were approximately 38.93 mg/g and 138.95 mg/g, respectively. The copper removal efficiency (CRE) of the raw BMSs became greatly enhanced with increasing initial pH, reaching 99.51% at the initial pH 5. Conversely, the CRE of the acid-pretreated BMSs was maintained at 99.48-99.52% throughout the pH range of 1-5. Furthermore, the CRE values of the raw and acid-pretreated BMSs were not greatly changed when the temperature was varied from 15 degrees C to 40 degrees C. In addition, the CRE value of the raw BMSs was maintained for 12 cycles of sorption-desorption with a CRE of 98.4% being observed in the final cycle. Finally, when the BMSs were used to treat electroplating wastewater, the removal efficiencies (REs) of the raw BMSs were 99.97%, 98.99% and 87% for Fe, Zn and Cu, respectively, whereas the REs of the acid-pretreated BMSs were 99.98%, 99.43% and 92.13%, respectively. Ion exchange experiments revealed that one of mechanisms for metal sorption by the BMSs from aqueous solution is related to ion exchange, especially between the metal ions in the treated solution and Ca(2+) from BMSs. Infrared absorbance spectra analysis indicated that the acid pretreatment led to occurrence of the groups (i.e. -OH, -NH, C=O and S=O) of negative charge in treated BMSs. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that acid pretreatment enabled the used BMSs to form the flake-shaped structure with smooth surfaces that can supply a better interface for binding metal ions.
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PMID:The use of raw and acid-pretreated bivalve mollusk shells to remove metals from aqueous solutions. 1926 96

Wilson's disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the functional disruption of the copper-transporting protein adenosine triphosphatase 7B (ATP-ase 7B). The disease is caused by mutations in ATP7B gene. It seems that the type of mutation in ATP7B only to some degree determines phenotypic manifestation of WD. We examined two pairs of monozygotic twins discordant for WD phenotype. The first set of twins were ATP7B compound heterozygotes c.3207C>A (p.H1069Q)/c.1211_1212insA (p.N404Kfs). The index case developed severe liver failure followed by depressive symptoms, dysarthria, and tremor at the age of 36. Her sister remained presymptomatic at diagnosis at the age of 39. The second twins were ATP7B c.3207C.A (p.H1069Q) homozygotes. The index case presented with dysarthria and tremor at the age of 26. Her sister remained clinically presymptomatic at diagnosis at the age of 28. We concluded that the phenotypic characteristics of WD are possibly attributable to epigenetic/environmental factors.
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PMID:Monozygotic female twins discordant for phenotype of Wilson's disease. 1930 78

A new sorbent 1-acylthiosemicarbazide-modified activated carbon (AC-ATSC) was prepared as a solid-phase extractant and applied for removing of trace Cu(II), Hg(II) and Pb(II) prior to their determination by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The separation/preconcentration conditions of analytes were investigated, including effects of pH, the shaking time, the sample flow rate and volume, the elution condition and the interfering ions. At pH 3, the maximum static adsorption capacity of Cu(II), Hg(II) and Pb(II) onto the AC-ATSC were 78.20, 67.80 and 48.56 mg g(-1), respectively. The adsorbed metal ions were quantitatively eluted by 3.0 mL of 2% CS(NH2)2 and 2.0 mol L(-1) HCl solution. Common coexisting ions did not interfere with the separation. According to the definition of IUPAC, the detection limits (3sigma) of this method for Cu(II), Hg(II) and Pb(II) were 0.20, 0.12 and 0.45 ng mL(-1), respectively. The relative standard deviation under optimum conditions is less than 4.0% (n=8). The prepared sorbent was applied for the preconcentration of trace Cu(II), Hg(II) and Pb(II) in certified and water samples with satisfactory results.
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PMID:Chemically modified activated carbon with 1-acylthiosemicarbazide for selective solid-phase extraction and preconcentration of trace Cu(II), Hg(II) and Pb(II) from water samples. 1964 35


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