Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To study the nature of numerous inclusion bodies seen in red cells from patients with sickle cell disease (Hb SS), we have prepared red cell ghosts free of oxyhemoglobin and analyzed them by spectrophotometric and heme extraction methods. The absorption spectrum in the visible region of the ghost suspensions was typical of hemichromes. The spectrum was similar to that of denatured hemoglobin repared by treatment of oxyhemoglobin S with mechanical shaking or heat. Similar treatment of cells containing only normal hemoglobin (Hb AA) showed a very small amount of denatured hemoglobin, approximately one-fifth of the amount in Hb SS cells. The amount of denatured hemoglobin determined after solution of membrane with 2.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate was 0.158+/-0.070% (1 SD) of the total cellular heme in Hb SS patients. In controls, the amount was 0.030+/-0.016%. Persons with Hb AA and reticulocytosis did not have an elevated amount of membrane-associated heme. In patients with hereditary spherocytosis and autoimmune hemolytic anemia, denatured stromal hemoglobin was normal or slightly elevated before and after splenectomy. The increased amount of denatured hemoglobin in Hb SS red cells may be related to the instability of sickle oxyhemoglobin.
 ...
PMID:Denatured hemoglobin in sickle erythrocytes. 84 54

We have previously shown that a cryoactivatable inactive form of renin, which we have tentatively termed prorenin, occurs in human plasma. Plasma prorenin is measured by subtracting the endogenous plasma renin activity (PRA) from the total renin activity measured after cryoactivation. Cryoactivation is accomplished by shaking plasma at -5 degrees C for 4 days. Circulating prorenin averaged 5.6 +/- 0.8 (SE) ng/ml per hour in a group of 30 normal subjects and 5.1 +/- 1.0 ng/ml per hour in 25 hypertensive subjects during random sodium intake. In these two groups, prorenin ranged from zero to 36 times the endogenous renin level, averaging 2.5-fold in normal subjects and 3.4-fold in hypertensive subjects. During sodium deprivation prorenin more than doubled in 12 hypertensive subjects from a mean of 2.8 to 6.3 ng/ml per hour. In 25 anephric subjects, circulating prorenin was slightly lower than in normal subjects, averaging 3.4 +/- 0.9 ng/ml per hour (P less than 0.05). In contrast to our findings in nephric subjects, the low level of PRA measured in anephric subjects ((0.26 +/- 0.04 ng/ml per hour) was almost always a constant fraction of the measured prorenin. This led to the demonstration that prorenin can be inadvertently activated by chilling blood during processing for renin measurement and this often accounts for the small amount of renin measured in plasmas from anephric subjects. The error in routine PRA measurements due to inadvertent activation averaged +48% in anephric subjects and +17% in those with kidneys. Evaluation of the effect of processing bloods at room temperature revealed that net angiotensin I accumulation is less than 2% of that generated during incubation and can be ignored. Accordingly, to avoid the inadvertent activation of prorenin which can at times lead to a sizable and variable overestimation of PRA we recommend collecting and processing blood samples at room temperature and then storage of plasma completely frozen until the time for analysis.
 ...
PMID:Plasma prorenin in normal, hypertensive, and anephric subjects and its effect on renin measurements. 87 Feb 30

Different quantities of sorbite-electrolyte solution were intravenously administered to eight heads of cattle and four heads of sheep (application values being 50 g sorbite, 0.3049 g MgCl2-6H2O, 0.3728 g KCl, 0.5477 g CaCl2-6H2O, 5.265 g NaCl, 6.804 g sodium acetate-3H2O with 1,000 ml distilled water). Different rises of sorbite, fructose, and glucose were recorded from the blood plasma. Certain manifestations of incompatibility and intolerance phenomena were observed, among them increase of cardiorespiratory activity and muscular tremor. Those findings were obtained primarily from animals which exhibited also strong rise in glucose concentration. One of the sheep died. Larger quantities of solution (2,000 ml or 4,000 ml) were intraperitoneally applied to ten heads of cattle and tolerated by them with no reaction. Sorbite in blood plasma usually reached its maximum two or three hours from application, however, without any rise of fructose or glucose. Slow drip infusion or intraperitoneal infusion are the techniques recommended for application of the above sorbite-electrolyte solution to ruminants.
 ...
PMID:[Variations of glucose, fructose, sorbite and electrolyte concentration following intravenous or intraperitoneal administration of sorbite-electrolyte solution to cattle and sheep]. 96 80

Over 18,000 clinical specimens collected in Vacutainer tubes with sodium polyanethol sulfonate were inoculated into modified Columbia broth (MCB) with and without 10% sucrose. The effects of venting and shaking on recovery were studied. The volume of the blood had a definite effect on the recovery rate. When inoculum size was held constant, recovery of aerobic and facultative organisms was maximal in vented and shaken bottles; the presence of sucrose had no demonstrable effect, recovery of anaerobes was maximal using an unvented bottle incubated under stationary conditions; a significantly greater recovery of facultatives and a marginally greater recovery of anaerobes was obtained with the hypertonic formulation. We conclude that a hypertonic formulation of MCB offers no advantage in the recovery of anaerobes but is of value in the recovery of facultatives and anaerobes. It is recommended that blood cultures be routinely inoculated into isotonic MCB and then vented and shaken for at least 4 hours, and hypertonic MCB incubated without venting or shaking.
 ...
PMID:Critical analysis of hypertonic medium and agitation in detection of bacteremia. 97 89

I present a new, simple colorimetric method for detecting and estimating barbiturates in urine. After the barbiturates are extracted with ether, an aliquot of the washed ether phase is added to the color reagent (a bivalent mercury/dithizone chelate in chloroform). On addition of diluted pyridine and shaking, a pinkish-violet color appears if a barbiturate is present. The overall sensitivity of the above method was evaluated by probit analysis in the case of sodium phenobarbital. The concentration of sodium phenobarbital in urine detectable at least 99% of the time was 6.72 mg/liter, with 95% confidence limits of 5.37 to 10.36 mg/liter. Sodium phenobarbital, 10 mg/liter, can be detected in the presence of phenytoin (50 mg/liter), glutethimide (100 mg/liter), or bemegride (100 mg/liter). The whole procedure requires less than 10 min. An excretion study illustrates application of the procedure.
 ...
PMID:Simple, highly selective screening method for barbiturates in urine. 116 89

Red blood cells (RBC) were obtained from 5 whole blood units by centrifugation and were purified using a simple washing procedure. Hematocrit and HES concentration in the 108-ml samples to be frozen were adjusted to 40% (v/v) and 12% (w/w), respectively. Cooling was performed by submerging into liquid nitrogen using containers to generate a flat sample geometry (3 mm thickness). After thawing in a shaking water bath, HES and free hemoglobin were removed in a simple washing step. To investigate the influence of the resuspension medium, the RBC were transferred into freshly drawn autologous plasma and into Locke's solution. Survival after thawing in terms of saline stability reached 86.3 +/- 2.3%. The cryopreservation procedure caused no major changes with regard to osmotic fragility, 2,3-DPG or intracellular Na+ and K+. ATP was reduced by 16%, but this had completely recovered after 3 h resuspension in autologous plasma. Some morphological changes present after thawing (e.g. stomatocytes, echinocytes) also recovered after 1.5 h. In conclusion, those RBC which survived the preservation process can be considered to be fully viable with regard to the parameters investigated.
 ...
PMID:[Cryopreservation of human erythrocytes with hydroxyethyl starch (HES)--Part 2: Analysis of survival]. 128 9

After 9 years of treatment for Parkinson's disease, a 68-year-old woman developed the complications of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) while she was still receiving levodopa, bromocriptine and amantadine hydrochloride. The patient displayed a high fever (40 degrees C), impaired consciousness, marked systemic muscle rigidity, tremor and bloody stools. The diagnosis of NMS and DIC was made on the basis of the symptoms and the results of blood serological tests. The antiparkinsonian drugs that had been administered until her admission to our hospital were continued unchanged, while the NMS was treated with dantrolene sodium and the DIC, with nafamostat mesilate. Both of the above-mentioned therapies were effective. The present case is rare in that the patient developed NMS and DIC during treatment and not after the discontinuation of the antiparkinsonian drugs.
 ...
PMID:Successful treatment of levodopa-induced neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in a patient with Parkinson's disease. 129 27

A 43-year-old man who presented parkinsonism due to pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis was reported. Late in February, 1990, the patient presented suffered from a flu-like illness and was seen at a community hospital. Physical finding showed the pigmentation on the whole body and hypotension, and laboratory examination revealed severe electrolyte imbalance (serum sodium 100 mEq/l, serum potassium 6.9 mEq/l, serum chloride 68 mEq/l) and hypoglycemia (postprandial serum glucose 78 mg/dl). Given these results, adrenal failure was strongly suspected. Prompt correction of electrocyte imbalance was performed by the infusion of sodium chloride, and four days later the serum sodium level reached 131 mEq/l. On the other hand, the patient was noticed lethargic and showed parkinsonism i.e., rest tremor, cog-wheel rigidity, and hypokinesia. Fourteen days after the onset of neurological abnormalities, the patient was referred to our hospital for further evaluation of parkinsonism. Additionally, neurological examination revealed dysphagia, mutism and positive pyramidal tract sign. On admission brain computed tomography was unremarkable, but on the 14th hospital day it showed low density area in the pons. Brain magnetic resonance imaging also showed a striking increase in T2-weighted signal from the pons, the midbrain, and the bilateral thalamus. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of parkinsonism due to pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis was made, and levodopa therapy was started. After the initiation of levodopa therapy, improvement of tremor, rigidity, and hypokinesia ensued with marked functional benefit, and the patient was discharged on the 49th hospital day. Levodopa was stopped three weeks after discharge but, all neurological abnormalities were not recurrent.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[A case of parkinsonism due to pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis]. 130 Feb 56

Spinal anesthesia was given to a patient with right femur fracture and Parkinson's disease (PD). Although sufficient analgesia was obtained up to L1 level after spinal anesthesia, the muscular rigidity remained. Furthermore, tremor of the upper extremities continued. After administering dantrolene sodium (DT) intravenously, these untoward features were abolished. These findings suggest that DT abolishes rigidity and tremor in PD, and is useful for the management of anesthesia for a patient with PD.
 ...
PMID:[Rigidity abolished by intravenous dantrolene in a patient with Parkinson's disease under spinal anesthesia]. 156 May 88

A simple, rapid, sensitive, quantitative, and inexpensive assay for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) is described. The assay is based on the direct extraction of the products of the reaction into toluene-based liquid scintillation cocktail. The assay is carried out in 7-ml scintillation vials using 1 mM chloramphenicol and either 100 microM acetyl-CoA and 0.1 microCi of [3H]acetyl-CoA or 1 mM acetyl-CoA and 0.5 microCi of [3H]acetyl-CoA. After incubation, the reaction is terminated with 0.5 ml of 0.1 M sodium borate-5 M NaC, pH 9. The acetylchloramphenicols are extracted with 5 ml of 0.4% 2,5-diphenyloxazole-0.005% 1,4-bis(5-phenyloxazol-2-yl)benzene in toluene by a 30-s shaking. After a short centrifugation to clarify the layers, the vials are counted in a liquid scintillation counter. Extracted products are stable in the organic layer. Under these conditions, nearly 100% extraction of acetylchloramphenicols is shown using nonlabeled compounds and spectrophotometric methods. Using pure enzyme in the assay, linearity of activity with enzyme concentration, time, and temperature of incubation is demonstrated. Assays may even be carried out at 60 degrees C, where the enzyme activity is 3.4-fold higher than that at 23 degrees C. The increase in enzyme activity with increasing temperature is due to the increased formation of predominantly 3-acetyl and 1-acetylchloramphenicols and not to 1,3-diacetylchloramphenicol. The present assay compared very well with the standard assay using [14C]chloramphenicol and TLC. Using this assay, we measured quantitatively the CAT activity in extracts of pSV2-CAT-transfected CV-1 cells in 10 min and NIH 3T3 cell extracts in 60 min at 60 degrees C.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:A simple quantitative assay for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase by direct extraction of the labeled product into scintillation cocktail. 159 93


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>