Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To report the clinical, radiological and neuropathological findings of a patient with rheumatoid meningitis. The patient was a 71-year-old Chinese man with a two-year history of rheumatoid arthritis and no other significant medical history, who presented to our hospital recurrent weakness of his left extremities, dysarthria and a continuous bilateral hand tremor. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum examinations were normal apart from a mildly raised serum perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (p-ANCA). Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed leptomeningeal enhancement in both frontal and parietal lobes, in addition to several old white matter infarcts. Meningeal biopsy showed numerous infiltrating macrophages and lymphocytes within the leptomeninges. The patient responded clinically and radiologically to corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide therapy. The patient subsequently developed herpes zoster over his left chest as a complication of his immunosuppressive treatment. His cyclophosphamide was ceased and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy was commenced, with good clinical response to both the herpes zoster and meningitis. According to the result of the biopsy, aseptic meningitis was considered the MRI results and the patient's clinical history were given, and a diagnosis of rheumatoid meningitis was made. The patient was p-ANCA positive. Although there was no evidence for cerebral vasculitis on biopsy, it remains a possibility that the patient's recurrent minor cerebral infarcts visible on MRI were vasculitic in nature.
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PMID:[Rheumatoid leptomeningitis: a case report and literature review]. 1677 82

We described a case of secondary parkinsonism due to chronic subdural hematoma (CSH). An 83-year-old man developed memory impairment and gait disturbance gradually since one year ago, and these symptoms subacutely deteriorated after he fell down and hit his head. On admission he had moderate cognitive impairment, gait disturbance (wide-based, small steps and initial freezing), postual instability, akinesia and right-sided rigidity. He did not have resting tremor. A CT scan showed a right-sided CSH with marked compression on the left hemisphere, and remarkable decrease of the blood flow in the left cerebral hemisphere was revealed by single photon emission computed tomography. His neurological condition improved gradually through the decrease of the CSH, which suggested the diagnosis of secondary parkinsonism due to CSH. We thought that the CSH in the right hemisphere caused right-sided parkinsonism through mechanical compression to the left hemisphere, which was shown in the SPECT image, in this case. Elderly people suffering from subacute progressive parkinsonism, should undergo CT studies be to differentiate the parkinsonism secondary to CSH.
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PMID:[Parkinsonism secondary to chronic subdural hematoma. A case report]. 1708 79

Neurologic signs and symptoms are common in acute malarial infection. However, after the parasites have been cleared from the blood and patients recover full consciousness, neurologic or psychiatric symptoms may occur or recur within 2 months after the acute illness. This phenomenon is called "postmalaria neurologic syndrome" (PMNS). We present a 50-year-old man who returned from the Republic of Malawi and soon developed Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Cerebral malaria, renal failure, hepatic failure, diffuse intravascular coagulation with thrombocytopenia, and upper gastrointestinal bleeding were noted during the acute stage. He was admitted to the infectious diseases ward and treated for 3 weeks. He was free from clinical general symptoms and parasites in blood smear when discharged. However, 2 weeks after discharge, he began to experience severe headache, dizziness, diplopia, mild hand tremor, unsteady gait, and easy falling. When readmitted to the neurologic ward, he presented with irritability, delirium, visual hallucination, and strange behavior. Neurologic examination was normal except for mild general weakness and evident truncal ataxia when walking. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed no structural lesions, and electroencephalography showed diffuse cortical dysfunction. Cerebral spinal fluid profile exhibited cytoalbuminologic dissociation. Brain single photon emission computed tomography showed diffuse cerebral parenchymal disorder. Nerve conduction studies revealed early sensory predominant polyneuropathy. The unsteadiness persisted for the initial 2 weeks of hospitalization until corticosteroid was administered. Intravenous methylprednisolone (80 mg/day) was continued for 3 days, followed by oral prednisolone (45 mg/day). His unsteadiness improved gradually after medication, and he absconded from the hospital on the 9th day of corticosteroid treatment with clear consciousness and free ambulation. The manifestation of PMNS is diverse and may present as an acute confusional state or psychosis, generalized seizure, fine tremors, cerebellar syndromes, postural hypotension, or malarial polyneuritis. Although the neurologic syndrome is primarily self-limited in most cases, corticosteroid may be beneficial in reversing PMNS.
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PMID:Postmalaria neurologic syndrome: a case report. 1711 25

Paralytic tremor (pt), a hereditary neurological disorder of rabbits, is a recessive, X-linked point mutation in exon 2 of the plp gene, responsible for substitution of 38 His by Glu in the PLP molecule. Pt genotype is expressed in a range of phenotypes, distinguished by the severity of neurological symptoms. Variable course of the disease, from totally asymptomatic to serious disorder, is observed even within the offspring of one breeding pair. The two most typical phenotypes have been chosen for the studies: one representing mild course of the disease and the other reflecting the most severe course. Since previous developmental studies proved that myelination is not only deficient but also delayed in pt rabbits, the age groups of animals have been selected with the aim of spanning the period of most active myelinogenesis. As revealed by experiments, the degree of CNS hypomyelination, which is the main future of pt mutation, is highest in the most affected animals. The amounts of mutated gene products, PLP and DM-20, examined both at mRNA and protein levels, exhibited a strong dependence on phenotype. Down-regulation of MBP and CNP was also observed. In contrast, MAG expression was normal or only slightly changed in mutants. The results lead to the conclusion that pt mutation in the plp gene affects a panel of events that governs myelinogenesis and is modulated in each individual that is manifested by gradation of neurological symptoms.
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PMID:Phenotypic diversity resulting from a point mutation. 1718 50

Generalized dystonia is a disabling disorder that can severely affect quality of life. Pharmacological treatment is unsatisfactory, and surgical therapy has been the focus for symptom improvement. We present the first case report of a patient with disabling generalized dystonia treated with a thalamotomy and deep brain stimulation of the thalamus and globus pallidus (DBS-Vim, DBS-GPi). His tremor and dystonic symptoms have dramatically improved through combining these surgical interventions.
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PMID:Thalamotomy, DBS-Vim, and DBS-GPi for generalized dystonia: a case report. 1737 6

The patient is a 44-year-old man with a 4-year history of intermittently elevated blood pressure (BP) controlled by diet and exercise. Three months before evaluation he described daily "spikes" of BP with sharp unilateral headaches. He was seen in the emergency department with a BP of 212/106 mm Hg and was started on hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg daily. He denied palpitations, diaphoretic episodes, pallor, and tremor. The patient did not want to take medication and specifically requested an evaluation to rule out pheochromocytoma. Results from 24-hour urine tests for total metanephrines was 812 mg/24 h (normal, 130-520 mg/24 h), for total catecholamines was 53 mg/24 h (normal, 0-135 mg/24 h), and for vanillylmandelic acid was 4.7 mg/24 h (normal, <7 mg/24 h). Thyroid-stimulating hormone was 0.87 (normal, 0.4-4.0 IU/mL). Physical examination revealed normal optic fundi, negative cardiac examination results, and presence of peripheral pulses without bruits. His BP was now 136/74 mm Hg, with a heart rate of 76 beats per minute.
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PMID:Is it a pheochromocytoma? 1739 75

We present the case of a 71-year-old man, with known Parkinson's disease and previous coronary artery bypass surgery, who presented with acute chest pain. His initial 12 lead electrocardiogram (ECG) was unremarkable; however, a repeat 12 lead ECG during further chest pain suggested a ventricular tachycardia (VT) for which he was commenced on an intravenous amiodarone infusion. However, later analysis of his ECGs revealed that the apparent VT was, in fact, an artefact related to his parkinsonian tremor.
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PMID:An unusual case of misdiagnosed ventricular tachycardia. 1829 74

A new challenge in biotechnological processes is the development of flexible bioprocessing platforms, allowing strain selection, facilitating scale-up and integrating separation steps. Miniaturization of such a cultivation system allows parallel use and the saving of resources but makes the supply of oxygen to the cells difficult. In this work we present a membrane aerated hollow-fiber microbioreactor (HFMBR) which consists of an acrylic glass module equipped with two different types of membrane fibers. Fibers of polyethersulfone and polyvinyldifluoride were used for substrate and oxygen supply, respectively. Cultivation of E. coli as model organism and production of His-tagged GFP were carried out in the extracapillary space of the membrane aerated HFMBR and compared with cultivations in shaking flask which are commonly used for screening experiments. The measurement of the oxygen transfer capacity and the online monitoring of the dissolved oxygen during the cultivation were performed using a fiber optic oxygen sensor. Online measurement of the optical density was also integrated to the bioreactor. Due to efficient oxygen transfer, a better cell growth than in the shaking flask experiments was achieved, while no negative influence on the GFP productivity was observed in the membrane aerated bioreactor. Thus the feasibility of a future integrated downstreaming could also be demonstrated.
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PMID:Development of a novel membrane aerated hollow-fiber microbioreactor. 1838 17

Methyl bromide is a highly toxic gas with poor olfactory warning properties. It is widely used as insecticidal fumigant for dry foodstuffs and can be toxic to central and peripheral nervous systems. Most neurological manifestations of methyl bromide intoxication occur from inhalation. Acute toxicity characterized by headache, dizziness, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and visual disturbances. Tremor, convulsion, unconsciousness and permanent brain damage may occur in severe poisoning. Chronic exposure can cause neuropathy, pyramidal and cerebellar dysfunction, as well as neuropsychiatric disturbances. The first case of methyl bromide intoxication in Thailand has been described. The patient was a 24-year-old man who worked in a warehouse of imported vegetables fumigated with methyl bromide. He presented with unstable gait, vertigo and paresthesia of both feet, for two weeks. He had a history of chronic exposure to methyl bromide for three years. His fourteen co-workers also developed the same symptoms but less in severity. Neurological examination revealed ataxic gait, decreased pain and vibratory sense on both feet, impaired cerebellar signs and hyperactive reflex in all extremities. The serum concentration of methyl bromide was 8.18 mg/dl. Electrophysilogical study was normal. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain (MRI) revealed bilateral symmetrical lesion of abnormal hypersignal intensity on T2 and fluid-attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences at bilateral dentate nuclei of cerebellum and periventricular area of the fourth ventricle. This incident stresses the need for improvement of worker education and safety precautions during all stages of methyl bromide fumigation.
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PMID:Neurological manifestation of methyl bromide intoxication. 1857 99

Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767-1835) was an educational reformer, a statesman serving Frederick William III, King of Prussia and a philologist, who influenced the contemporary linguist Chomsky. Moreover von Humbolt was a prolific writer, he kept up a substantial correspondence with family and a circle of acquaintances. His letters also contain references to his physical fitness. In the year of James Parkinson's death, 1824, von Humboldt mentioned difficulties with writing for the first time. From his correspondence during the last 11 years of his life we can reconstruct a classic development of the shaking palsy based on clever self-observations. Von Humboldt supplemented James Parkinson's description with micrographia, and dysdiadochokinesia. In addition, he observed, that turning over in bed was impeded, that after 9 years of misery his tremor subsided, and that writing was possible using Latin print lettering instead of his usual gothic handwriting, von Humboldt died on the 8th April 1835 of pneumonia, a complication of his illness; he kept his full intellectual and artistic capacities until the end.
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PMID:Wilhelm von Hboldt and James Parkinson. An appraisal of observation and creativity. 1859 Oct 44


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