Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A procedure for administering naloxone to narcotic-dependent individuals and a technique for quantitating the ensuing acute withdrawal syndrome have been developed to assess the degree of physical dependence. Successive injections of increasing doses of naloxone produce a controlled increase in severity of withdrawal signs and symptoms as measured by a subjective and an objective assessment battery. There is good agreement between the subjective and objective assessments and a global reting of withdrawal severity. The objective measures are, however, most sensitive and produce a withdrawal syndrome score related to the duration of the current cycle of drug abuse. Hand tremor, trapezius electromyogram and heart rate are the most sensitive signs of withdrawal and can be used in combination to form the basis of a simplified and shortened antagonist assessment test for physical dependence.
Drug Alcohol Depend 1978 Nov
PMID:The quantitative assessment of physical dependence on opiates. 72 Feb 11

A group of 98 male workers occupationally exposed to styrene was interviewed for information on the amount and frequency of alcohol consumption and changes in consumption frequency and tolerance. Alcohol consumption and changes in consumption were not compared to any reference data, but the changes in tolerance were. The styrene-exposed workers revealed a lowered tolerance somewhat more often than the unexposed group. Neither the duration nor the intensity of styrene exposure was related to any of the alcohol "behavior" variables. The amount of over-time work in exposure had a slight relationship to high alcohol consumption, but the interpretation of this relationship remains undecided. Subjective symptoms, like hand tremor and difficulties in staying asleep, were associated with the alcohol "behavior" variables, but these two symptoms were unrelated to intensity of styrene exposure. Of the psychological functions studied, lowered visuomotor speed showed a slight relationship to high alcohol consumption. Visuomotor inaccuracy, which had proved to be related to a high intensity of styrene exposure, revealed no connection with the alcohol "behavior" variables. It was concluded that alcohol consumption among styrene-exposed workers is not related to the same psychological symptoms and signs as styrene exposure.
 ...
PMID:Alcohol consumption and tolerance of workers exposed to styrene in relation to level of exposure and psychological symptoms and signs. 73 5

In rats, pretreatment with caffeine or ethanol shortens the duration of the harmine tremor and decreases the brain concentrations of this alkaloid. Caffeine and ethanol do not influence the plasma concentration of harmine, its plasma protein binding and its cerebral concentration at the termination of the tremor. The findings are regarded as indicative of a reduction by caffeine and ethanol of the blood-brain barrier permeability to harmine.
 ...
PMID:Effects of caffeine and ethanol on the blood-brain barrier in rats. 95 9

Based on the data presented here and the clinical observations cited it would appear that although haloperidol has been used with a certain degree of success for the treatment of acute alcohol abstinence the authors would like to caution the clinician against widespread use of heloperidol for treatment of alcohol withdrawal. In experimentally induced ethanol withdrawal, chlordiazepoxide appears to be a more effective and safer agent for ameliorating symptoms associated with excitation such as tremor, insomnia, anxiety, and hyperexcitability. A double blind comparative clinical investigation between chlordiazepoxide and haloperidol for treatment of alcohol withdrawal is warranted.
 ...
PMID:Enhancement of alcohol withdrawal convulsions in mice by haloperidol. 98 85

One group of 20 adult female rats was fed ad libitum for four months with a synthetic regime containing less than 1 p.p.m. Cu. A second group received the same regime, supplemented with Cu and containing 87 p.p.m. on the 1st month, 109 p.p.m. in the 2nd and 3rd and 158 p.p.m. in the 4th month. Hairs were not clipped at the beginning of the experiment. Five rats of both groups were killed at the end of each month and Cu was determined in blood, liver, femur, and hair. Hair was washed with a water-ethanol (I/I/I) solution for 30 minutes under mechanical shaking, and Cu was determined in the washing solution (leachable copper) and in hair (stable copper). No clinical symptoms of Cu deficiency were observed. However there was an early and important drop (p less than 0.001) in blood and liver copper as early as the first month, which continued until the end of the experiment. Stable hair Cu dropped slightly on the first month (p less than 0.005) and continued to do so on the following three months (p less than 0.001). Hair leachable Cu and bone Cu were unaffected by the deficiency. Liver Cu increased at the 158 p.p.m. level of intake on the fourth month.
 ...
PMID:[Time and level of response of plasma, liver bone, leachable and stable hair fractions to copper deficiency and loading in the rat (author's transl)]. 116 66

Five patients with essential tremor had a dramatic diminution in tremor amplitude within 15 minutes of ingesting small doses of ethyl alcohol. The same patients were given equivalent amounts of ethyl alcohol infused into a brachial artery, and there was no decrease in tremor amplitude in the perfused limb. It is concluded that, in patients with essential tremor, ethanol acts in a specific fashion on sensitive structures within the central nervous system and has no effect on peripheral tremorogenic mechanisms. This provides additional evidence for a central mechanism in essential tremor, distinguishing it from other tremors arising primarily from oscillation in peripheral servo-loops.
 ...
PMID:The effect of alcohol on essential tremor. 116 33

The effects of 5-(4'-chlorobutyl)-picolinic acid (FD-008), a new dopamine beta-hydroxylase inhibitor of fusaric acid derivatives, on the central nervous system in mice and rats were investigated. FD-008 and fusaric acid did not show marked effects on spontaneous movement, convulsion, sleeping time, tremor and conditioned avoidance response but lowered the body temperature of rats at 100 mg/kg p.o. FD-008 potentiated the depressive action of ethanol on conditioned avoidance response in spite of the lack of aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibition. FD-008 markedly depressed the performance on a shuttle box and lowered the body temperature in rats after reserpine treatment at a dose at which FD-008 per se had no effect.
 ...
PMID:Pharmacological action of FD-008, a new dopamine-beta-hydroxylase inhibitor. 117 34

The conversion of Zearalenone by some strains of microorganisms was investigated. When the selective strains of Rhodotorula sp., Arthrobacter sp., Saccharomyces sp., and Candida sp. were incubated by shaking or standing at 28 degrees C for 72 h with an alcoholic solution of Zearalenone as the substrate at a concentration of 2-10 mg/ml ethanol (50-100 micrograms/ml medium), it was readily converted to give Zearalenols, consisting either mainly of the alpha-isomer (e.g. 96% in case of Rhodotorula sp. and 84% in case of Arthrobacter sp. as determined by HPLC) or beta-isomer (e.g. 91% and 92% in Saccharomyces sp. and Candida sp., respectively). The structure of the product was confirmed by 13C-NMR, MS and HPLC.
 ...
PMID:[Biotransformation of zearalenone]. 141 33

The antiserotonin properties of a series of new ergoline derivatives were investigated in several pharmacological test systems which have been proposed for the characterization of putative antagonists at central and peripheral 5-HT2 receptors. In radioligand binding studies with [3H]ketanserin among the new ergolines only 1-methyl-2-brom-9,10-dihydrolysergic acid-bis(beta-acetoxyethyl)-amide (AWD 52-336) showed high affinity at cortical 5-HT2 receptors (Ki-5.4 nmol/l). In 5-HT-amplified ADP-induced aggregation of human platelets 6-nor-6-propyl-9,10-dihydro ergometrine (AWD 52-227) and 9,10-dihydrolysergic acid-di-ethanol-amide (AWD 52-302) were potent inhibitors of 5-HT response. Comparison of this two in vitro tests demonstrated a significant correlation (r = 0.636; p < 0.05) between the ability of the ergolines to block the 5-HT aggregation mediated by platelet 5-HT2 receptors and their affinity to [3H]ketanserin-labelled binding sites in rat cortical membranes. In the used in vivo tests (tryptamine tremor, 5-HTP-induced head twitches) 1-methyl-9,10-dihydrolysergic acid-bis(beta-acetoxyethyl)-amide (AWD 52-83) and AWD 52-336 were found to antagonize the behavioural responses with comparatively moderate potency. The results suggest, therefore, that AWD 52-83 and AWD 52-336 may be both central and peripheral acting 5-HT2 antagonists, whereas AWD 52-227 and AWD 52-302 seem to be potent blockers at peripheral 5-HT2 receptors. Furthermore, the obtained results allow to reveal structure-activity relationships of ergolines. Substitution in position 1 in the tetracyclic ergoline ring system may be important with respect to the efficacy at central 5-HT2 receptors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Studies with new ergoline derivatives on the effects of central and peripheral 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. 147 37

Essential tremor (ET), more common than Parkinson's disease (PD), has commonly been considered "benign." This investigation compared diagnostic characteristics, patient satisfaction with treatment, and psychosocial complications between a group of male patients treated for essential tremor and a group of male parkinsonian patients. Those who had ET tended to be more commonly misdiagnosed than those with PD. Fewer ET patients were satisfied with response to treatment than PD patients. Both groups equally expressed embarrassment about their condition, and both perceived similar difficulties with common activities of daily living and social situations. There were no significant differences between ET and PD patients for history of ethanol use or pharmacotherapy for anxiety or depression.
 ...
PMID:Severe essential tremor compared with Parkinson's disease in male veterans: diagnostic characteristics, treatment, and psychosocial complications. 150 24


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>