Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors report a seven-month-old boy with severe hypotonia, poor spontaneous movements, breathing difficulties and recurrent respiratory infections, dysmorphisms and a peculiar movement disorder: minipolymyoclonus (MPM), previously reported only in spinal muscular atrophies. MPM is characterized by nonrhythmic myoclonic jerks associated with a rhythmic tremor of the extended fingers polygraphically detected. A muscle biopsy showed pathological changes typical of congenital nemaline myopathy (CNM). The relationship between MPM and CNM may be explained on the presumptive basis of the "neurogenic" nature of this congenital myopathy or by the non-specificity of this clinical sign.
Brain Dev 1991 Sep
PMID:Minipolymyoclonus in congenital nemaline myopathy: a nonspecific clinical marker of neurogenic dysfunction. 178 61

The effects of aqueous Croton zehntneri leaf and branch extracts, orally administered, on some dopaminergic- and cholinergic-related behaviours were studied in rats and mice. The leaf extract did not modify apomorphine-induced stereotypic behavior, haloperidol-induced catalepsy and active avoidance/escape responses. The branch extract reduced stereotypy but did not interfere with catalepsy and active avoidance behavior. Both extracts were capable of increasing the tremor induced by oxotremorine.
J Ethnopharmacol 1991 Sep
PMID:Effects of Croton zehntneri aqueous extracts on some cholinergic- and dopaminergic-related behaviours of laboratory rodents. 179 22

Diseases affecting the cerebellum typically cause ataxia, coupled with dysmetria and tremor. Dysmetria is a condition in which there is improper measuring of distance in muscular acts; hypermetria is overreaching (overstepping) and hypometria is underreaching (understepping). Tremor refers to an involuntary, rhythmic, oscillatory movement of a body part. The tremor of cerebellar disease typically is exaggerated by goal-oriented movements (intention tremor). Cerebellar lesions also often cause loss of the menace response, despite the presence of normal vision. The anatomic basis for this phenomenon is obscure. The principal disease affecting the cerebellum in cats is cerebellar hypoplasia due to in utero infection with the panleukopenia virus. This disease will be discussed here. Neurologic signs of cerebellar involvement also may be seen in association with those diseases that affect the CNS multifocally. In these cats, there may be additional signs indicating involvement of other anatomic areas or the cerebellar deficits may occur alone (see discussion of multifocal diseases in Multiple Neurologic Deficits: Inflammatory Diseases [page 426] and Multiple Neurologic Deficits: Noninfectious Diseases [page 440]).
Probl Vet Med 1991 Sep
PMID:Ataxia, dysmetria, tremor. Cerebellar diseases. 180 62

A woman in her late 40s with a 5 year history of anxiety was treated with relaxation training and cognitive restructuring. Her anxiety was manifested by facial twitching, hand fidgeting, vocal tremor, loss of self-esteem, and depression. Therapy seemed to reduce motor symptoms and improve her self-esteem, confidence, and mood. Six months after the start of therapy the client was found to have Meige's Disease. Following treatment with botulinum toxin, motor symptoms disappeared. This case highlights the need for psychotherapists to be more aware of neurological and medical problems which may mimic psychological ones.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 1991 Sep
PMID:Meige's disease misdiagnosed as anxiety disorder. 180 56

We are presenting an uncommon case of cerebral tumor whose major manifestation was parkinsonism. The patient was a 50-year-old woman presented with a 5-month history of tremor of the right hand, particularly at rest, and headache. On neurological examination of March, 1987 there were: slight right-sided hemiparesis with symmetrical hyperreflexia; discrete bradykinesia in combination with cogwheel rigidity also on the right-side; resting tremor of the right hand; and bilateral papilledema. The neuropsychological examination disclosed: nominative aphasia, impaired recent memory and right-left disorientation. The computed tomography showed a large, left frontotemporal tumor. Angiograms of the left internal and external carotid arteries revealed a tumor blush in the left frontotemporal region supplied by a enlarged middle meningeal artery. An electromyogram revealed a 4-6 HZ tremor on right hand. A course of treatment with dexamethasone 16 mg/day and levodopa plus benzerazine (500 mg/day) was unsuccessful. A left fronto-temporo-parietal craniotomy was performed and an attached sphenoid wing tumor was macroscopically completely removed. Microscopy indicated that the tumor was a meningioma. Postoperatively, the patient made an uneventful recovery. After two weeks, her right-sided palsy and parkinsonism had disappeared, and neuropsychological deficits improved. Two months later there was no abnormalities on neurological and neuropsychological examination. It was concluded that the parkinsonism was caused by mechanical pressure on the basal ganglia.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr 1991 Sep
PMID:[Parkinson disease associated to a brain tumor: a case report]. 180 37

Essential tremor (ET) is the most common pathologic tremor, but only eight cases have been studied pathologically. We report detailed clinical and neuropathologic studies of six additional patients. We did not find any neuropathologic lesions that might be specific for ET. Moreover, there were no abnormalities of the substantia nigra consistent with Parkinson's disease. The neuropathologic substrate of ET remains unknown.
Neurology 1991 Sep
PMID:Clinicopathologic observations in essential tremor: report of six cases. 189 Oct 91

We studied the EMG potentials evoked in the bilateral first dorsal interosseus muscle by electromagnetic stimulation of the corticomotoneuronal descending system in 10 Parkinson's disease patients and in 10 age- and sex-matched normal controls. We selected patients who did not have tremor but had predominant rigidity with asymmetric body involvement. On the rigid side of the PD patients, the threshold to cortical stimulation was lower than on the contralateral side or than normal values. On average, patients had normal central conduction times, but their motor evoked potentials (MEPs) on the rigid side were larger than those of controls when the cortical stimulus was at rest or during slight tonic contraction of the target muscle. In the latter condition, a silent period shorter than that of controls followed MEPs, whereas the peripheral silent period following ulnar nerve stimulation at the wrist was prolonged. Alpha motor neuron excitability, tested by the F-wave method, was enhanced on the rigid side at rest. In rigidity, spinal motor nuclei may be more responsive than normal to descending inputs from motor cortex, or the entire corticomotoneuron system may prove hyperexcitable under given conditions.
Neurology 1991 Sep
PMID:Parkinson's disease rigidity: magnetic motor evoked potentials in a small hand muscle. 189 Oct 97

Measurement of blood pressure is subject to two sources of variation: biological and measurement variation. It is important to bear in mind that the ability to interpret the Korotkoff sounds correctly determines the levels of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. To improve the ability to distinguish between the Korotkoff phases, the handfree stethoscope and the hand-free method were developed. The improved stethoscope head was fixed under the edge of the cuff, thus reducing the noise generated from physiological tremor and other movements. This resulted in more distinct Korotkoff sounds. Furthermore, the new method reduced the spreading of blood pressure values. In 107 patients the average systolic blood pressure recording was 3.1 mmHg higher and the average diastolic blood pressure was 3.5 mmHg lower. We conclude that the new stethoscope and technique provide a means of significantly improving the indirect measurement of blood pressure.
J Intern Med 1991 Sep
PMID:Hand-free stethoscope--method and instrument for more reliable blood pressure measurements. 189 43

After local surgical exposure, we administrated 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) directly into the right common carotid artery of 5 rhesus monkeys. All the monkeys manifested akinesia, rigidity and postural tremor of the contralateral limbs, and spontaneous circling toward the MPTP treated side. These disturbances began to appear 3-4 days after injection, peaking at one month, and continued until the day of sacrifice. After treatment with madopar and apomorphine, marked improvements of the motor impairments appeared and a striking reversal of the direction of rotation away from the MPTP-treated side occurred in a dose-dependent manner. The ipsilateral neurotoxicity was confirmed biochemically by 99% reduction in the caudate-putamen dopamine levels and histologically by selective cell loss in the substantia nigra of the MPTP-treated side. It is concluded that this primate model of hemiparkinsonism is easy to reproduce and life is maintained with good health otherwise. So it may be more feasible for behavioral and pharmacological studies of Parkinson's disease.
Chin Med J (Engl) 1991 Sep
PMID:Hemiparkinsonism in monkeys following unilateral common carotid artery infusion of MPTP. A study of behavior, biochemistry and histology. 193 58

Ethanol ingestion markedly reduces tremor in patients with essential tremor. This clinical observation prompted the present experiments, which were designed to investigate ethanol's reduction of tremor in squirrel monkeys trained to execute a bar-holding task. A lever was attached to the hub of a rotary variable differential transformer (RVDT) and three squirrel monkeys were trained to position this lever within a 4.5 cm band for 8 seconds for a fruit juice reward. Behavior was maintained by a random ratio 2 schedule of reinforcement. Angular position of the lever was sampled for 5.12 seconds while the monkey held the bar, differentiated twice and analyzed to obtain a spectral description of tremor in units of acceleration 2/Hz. During control and vehicle sessions a spectral peak appeared at about 6-8 Hz and the magnitude of this peak varied from 25 to 150 milli-g2/Hz (where g is the acceleration due to gravity). A second peak appeared in two animals at greater than 15 Hz. For one animal this high-frequency peak was dominant during control sessions but the 6-8 Hz peak was dominant after intubation with water or ethanol. Ethanol produced consistent and dose-related decreases in the amplitude of the spectrum describing tremor but the location of the spectral peaks did not differ from vehicle sessions. The doses that altered tremor also produced an increase in the number of short-duration holds as well as other, less consistent, alterations in the form of the response. These data confirm and quantify ethanol's potency as a tremorolytic agent.
J Stud Alcohol 1991 Sep
PMID:Ethanol's effects on tremor and positioning in squirrel monkeys. 194 6


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