Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nebulized bitolterol solution and isoproterenol solution were compared when used on a regular basis, 2.5 mg three times a day for 1 month by patients with chronic asthma. In this multicenter, double-blind trial; 130 nonsteroid-dependent patients were randomized to receive one of the two treatments concomitantly with their regular asthma medications. On study days, at the beginning of the study and after 2 and 4 weeks, treatments were given in the office or laboratory and patients were monitored with pulmonary function tests for eight hours. Both medications induced rapid bronchodilation that had a longer duration after bitolterol. The incidence of tremor was similar with the two medications. Tachycardia and palpitations were more frequent following isoproterenol. Bitolterol has a much longer duration of action and should be considered as a suitable bronchodilator for regular nebulizer treatment of chronic asthma.
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PMID:Outpatient management of asthma with regular nebulized beta agonists: comparison of bitolterol mesylate and isoproterenol. 330 Apr 36

Bitolterol mesylate, a new beta 2 adrenergic bronchodilator, is a "pro-drug" which is activated by esterases in the lung. In order to determine the optimal bronchodilator dose of bitolterol, six doses, (0.5 mg, 1.0 mg, 1.5 mg, 2.0 mg, 2.5 mg and 3.0 mg), were administered by closed-port, intermittent-flow nebulization (CPIF) to asthmatic patients on different days. For most patients, the onset of bronchodilator activity (FEV1 increase of at least 15 percent above baseline) occurred within 5 minutes and lasted at least 8 hours. Maximum mean increases in FEV1 were 46-50 percent at the 1.0 mg to 3.0 mg doses. Beyond the 1.0 mg dose, there was no significant improvement in bronchodilator effect, but adverse effects, particularly tremor, increased at higher doses. The optimal dose of bitolterol administered by CPIF was determined to be 1.0 mg which is similar to the dose of bitolterol recommended for use by metered-dose inhaler (MDI) which is 0.7 mg to 1.1 mg. If continuous-flow nebulization is used, two-three times more drug may be needed for a comparable effect. Bitolterol appears to be a safe, effective and long-lasting bronchodilator when administered by jet nebulization.
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PMID:Dose-response study of nebulized bitolterol mesylate solution in asthmatic patients. 354 73

This open-label, placebo-controlled study was undertaken to assess the safety and effectiveness of bitolterol mesylate in pediatric asthma patients. Bitolterol mesylate was administered in increasing doses of 0.5 to 3.5 mg by continuous-flow nebulization on separate days to children 4 to 12 years of age. Pulmonary function tests and vital signs were measured before and for up to eight hours after each treatment. Bronchodilation was defined as a > or = 15% increase in FEV1 over baseline. Onset, magnitude, and duration of bronchodilation all showed general dose-related improvements. Onset of bronchodilation occurred within five minutes in 66% to 82% of all treatments. The mean maximum percent increase in FEV1 ranged from 35% to 52% for all doses. Median durations of bronchodilation in responding patients ranged from four and one tenth to more than eight hours. Bitolterol was well-tolerated with all adverse effects being mild to moderate in severity and transient in nature. Although the incidence of cough, increased pulse rate, and tremor were relatively low, they did increase slightly with the 2.5- and 3.5-mg doses. No significant clinical laboratory or electrocardiographic findings were noted. We conclude that doses of 1.0 and 1.5 mg bitolterol mesylate administered by continuous-flow nebulization are safe, effective, and well-tolerated for the treatment of asthma in pediatric patients.
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PMID:Multicenter dose-ranging study of bitolterol mesylate solution for nebulization in children with asthma. 812 13