Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of terbutaline, ephedrine, and placebo on the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems have been compared in 24 asthmatic children. Ephedrine and terbutaline were both found to be effective bronchodilators, with onset of action within 30 minutes. The bronchodilator effect of ephedrine was maintained for three hours, while terbutaline was active for five hours. Terbutaline caused significantly greater improvement in pulmonary functions than did ephedrine. Both terbutaline and ephedrine were associated with clinically insignificant changes in blood pressure and pulse rate. The only significant side effect observed was hand tremor in children receiving terbutaline and this appeared only early in the course of drug treatment. There was no evidence of tolerance to the bronchodilator effect of ephedrine or terbutaline after eight weeks of therapy.
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PMID:Terbutaline and ephedrine in asthmatic children. 32 22

Terbutaline, a selective beta2-adrenergic receptor stimulator was given to 10 patients with chronic bronchitis. The effects of the drug were tested by measurements of forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), heart rate, blood pressure and blood gas analysis. The measurements were performed before and 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 h after oral administration of placebo, 2.5 mg, or 5.0 mg terbutaline. Terbutaline caused a significant dose-related increase in FEV1 and PEFR as compared with placebo. The maximal effects were found at the 4-h measurement and were still present at the measurements performed at 6 h. Heart rate, blood pressure and arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) were not significantly affected. Four patients experienced side effects as tremor and/or heart palpitations. It is concluded that orally administered terbutaline may be an important therapeutical agent in the treatment of chronic bronchitis.
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PMID:Effect of a single graded dose of terbutaline tablets in patients with chronic bronchitis and bronchoconstriction. A double-blind, placebo, cross-over study. 36 41

The bronchodilator and cardiovascular effects of orally administered tablets containing 2.5 mg of terbutaline and 25 mg of ephedrine were compared in a double-blind parallel manner in children (ages, 7 to 14 years) weighing 25 to 50 kg (44 to 110 lb). Both drugs produced bronchodilation within one-half hour, and this effect was maintained up to six hours, with a peak between two and three hours. Small increases in the pulse rate were measured within an hour following administration of both drugs. No significant variation was noted in blood pressure. No adverse effects (including tachyphylaxis and tremor) were observed for either drug during a three-month period. Both bronchodilator agents were shown to be equally effective in the dosages used. Terbutaline is a safe bronchodilator drug when administered orally in 2.5-mg doses for children with chronic asthma in this range of ages and weights, with minimal cardiovascular side effects and effective bronchodilation.
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PMID:Safety and effectiveness of terbutaline in children with chronic asthma. 49 25

Skeletal muscle tremor is the most common side effect when giving the relatively selective beta2-adrenergic-stimulators. Tachycardia is a side effect which limits dosage in a few patients only. Dose-reponse relation was tested on ventilatory capacity, heart rate, blood pressure and skeletal muscle tremor after terbutaline was given intravenously and as an aerosol. Terbutaline infusions in doses exceeding the recommended therapeutic level did not produce maximal relaxation of the bronchial muscle in patients with endogenous asthma, but increased the heart rate by 25 beats per minute and more than doubled the tremor. The tachycardia is mainly due to peripheral vasodilation and reflexogenic heart stimulation. Terbutaline given by inhalation produced the same bronchial relaxation without any effect on heart rate, blood pressure of tremor, indicating a local effect. The acute margin of safety was notable; the increase of pulse after 63 inhalations of this long-acting substance being only 16 beats per minutes.
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PMID:Comparison of infused and inhaled terbutaline in patients with asthma. 127 41

The study was designed to compare terbutaline inhaled via a 750 ml spacer (Nebuhaler) with subcutaneous adrenaline injection as a first-line treatment for acute severe asthma. Patients were randomly allocated to two treatment groups, receiving either 2 X 4 mg of inhaled terbutaline followed by 2 X 0.5 mg subcutaneous adrenaline (22 patients) or the same drugs in reverse order (24 patients). All patients received a further 2 mg inhaled terbutaline to assess remaining bronchodilator reversibility. Initial treatment with terbutaline produced near maximal bronchodilation (FEV1, FVC), whilst initial treatment with adrenaline did not. Terbutaline also reduced symptoms of dyspnoea and wheeze to a greater extent than adrenaline, and was better tolerated with respect to heart rate and side-effects such as tremor. In conclusion, terbutaline inhaled via Nebuhaler was at least as effective as subcutaneous adrenaline, produced fewer side-effects, and hence can be recommended for initial treatment of acute severe asthma.
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PMID:Terbutaline pressurised aerosol inhaled via a Nebuhaler--an effective alternative to subcutaneous adrenaline for treatment of acute severe asthma. 360 89

The effect of two oral selective beta(2)-stimulant drugs, salbutamol and terbutaline, on spirometry, arterial blood-gas tensions, pulse, and blood pressure was compared with placebo in a double-blind controlled trial in 12 asthmatic patients. Both drugs increased to forced vital capacity and the forced expiratory volume in 1 second equally for up to five hours, the maximal effect occurring at two to four hours. There was no significant change in arterial blood-gas tensions but both drugs increased pulse rate slightly. Tremor was the most common side effect. Terbutaline seems to be an effective alternative to salbutamol.
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PMID:Comparison of two oral selective beta2-adrenergic stimulant drugs in bronchial asthma. 439 86

A series of phenylethanolamine derivatives were examined with respect to their bronchospasmolytic effect and their ability to depress the contractions of the soleus muscle in cat and guinea-pig. One group of compounds including D2343 (1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-[1,1-dimethyl-3-(2-methoxyphenyl) propylamino]-ethanol HCl), a new beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist, appeared to be more effective in combating bronchospasm induced by histamine than in depressing the contractions of the soleus muscle in anaesthetized cat. This difference disappeared when serotonin was used to induce bronchospasm. Terbutaline antagonized histamine and serotonin equally well. Experiments in vivo and in vitro with guinea-pigs gave ambiguous results. Slowly developing effects was a common feature of the compounds showing the apparent effect separation. None of the available beta-adrenoceptor agonists appears to distinguish between the adrenoceptors in the airway smooth muscle mediating bronchial relaxation and those in the skeletal muscle associated with tremor.
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PMID:Some problems encountered in the evaluation of new bronchodilating beta-adrenoceptor agonists. 612 71

Seven asthmatic patients were studied in a single-blind randomized, crossover study after oral administration of 20 mg nifedipine or placebo. Four increasing doses of i.v. terbutaline were then given with 30 min interval. The study was concluded with inhalation of five terbutaline puffs. FEV1 measurements 30 min after intake of nifedipine did not show any difference compared to placebo. During the terbutaline treatment, however, there was a more pronounced bronchodilation after nifedipine than after placebo (P less than 0.05). Terbutaline-induced skeletal muscle tremor was similar after nifedipine and placebo pretreatments. After nifedipine intake there was a decrease of diastolic blood pressure and a reflexogenic tachycardia. Thus, this study showed a small potentiation of the beta 2-adrenoceptor mediated bronchodilation, which is of importance when treating patients with simultaneous asthma and hypertension or angina pectoris.
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PMID:Nifedipine--a calcium channel blocker--in asthmatic patients. Interaction with terbutaline. 636 79

The bronchodilating effect and side-effects of theophylline and a beta 2-adrenoceptor stimulating drug (terbutaline) alone and in combination were studied in 10 adult asthmatic patients. Initially, each individual's pharmacokinetic parameters for theophylline were determined. On 3 separate days, theophylline was infused to defined steady-state concentrations (0, 7.5, and 15 micrograms/mL, respectively) followed by the administration, at intervals of 1 h, of incremental intravenous doses of terbutaline. Theophylline caused a plasma concentration-dependent increase in the volume of air expelled in the first second of forced expiration (FEV1). Theophylline itself had no significant effect on objectively recorded skeletal muscle tremor or heart rate but enhanced the terbutaline-induced increase in both. At the highest steady-state concentration (15 micrograms/mL), 2 of the patients experienced nausea. Terbutaline caused a plasma concentration-dependent increase in FEV1, heart rate and tremor. The plasma levels of terbutaline at the given doses did not differ significantly between individuals or within individuals at different theophylline levels. The combination of theophylline and terbutaline resulted in an additive effect on bronchodilatation. At comparable levels of bronchodilatation, the combination of theophylline and terbutaline caused a lesser degree of side-effects than either drug alone.
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PMID:Simultaneous treatment with terbutaline and theophylline. 658 82

The bronchodilating properties and side effects of theophylline and a beta 2-adrenoceptor stimulating drug (terbutaline) alone and in combination were studied in 10 adult asthmatic patients. Initially, each individual's pharmacokinetic parameters for theophylline were determined. On 3 separate days theophylline was infused to defined steady-state concentrations (0, 7.5, and 15 microgram/ml, respectively) followed by the administration, at 1-h intervals, of incremental i.v. doses of terbutaline. It was shown that: 1. Theophylline caused a concentration-dependent increase in FEV1. Theophylline itself had no significant effect on objectively recorded skeletal muscle tremor or heart rate but enhanced the terbutaline-induced increase in tremor and heart rate. At the highest concentration (15 microgram/ml) two of the patients experienced nausea. 2. Terbutaline caused a concentration-dependent increase in FEV1, heart rate, and tremor. The plasma levels of terbutaline at the given doses did not differ significantly between individuals or within individuals at the different theophylline levels. 3. The combination of theophylline and terbutaline resulted in a mere additive effect on the bronchodilatation. At comparable bronchodilatation the combination of theophylline and terbutaline caused a lesser degree of side effects than each of the drugs alone.
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PMID:Separate and combined use of terbutaline and theophylline in asthmatics. Effects related to plasma levels. 714 Aug 72


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