Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine (MTP-PE; CGP 19835A from Ciba Geigy) is a synthetic muramyl tripeptide structurally related to bacterial cell wall constituents. MTP-PE activates monocytes in vitro to a tumoricidal state and has in vivo antitumor effects in animal models. We studied the toxicity and immunomodulatory effects of once weekly i.v. administration of liposomal-encapsulated MTP-PE for 8 weeks in 27 patients with advanced malignancies. Doses ranged from 0.1 to 2.7 mg/m2. No major tumor responses were seen; 11 patients had stable disease after 8 weeks of therapy and 3 continued on maintenance therapy because of minor tumor regressions and/or clinical improvement. MTP-PE at these doses was well tolerated. Shaking chills and fevers were the most common toxicities and occurred at all dose levels. There was no treatment-induced loss of performance status. Immunomodulatory studies revealed evidence of a biological effect on monocytes. C-reactive protein levels rose in the majority of patients with end-of-treatment values 2 to 10 times higher than baseline. Serum neopterin levels were consistently increased 24 h after MTP-PE administration and significant decreases in expression of two different types of Fc receptors on peripheral blood monocytes were noted 6 h after treatment. Although no major tumor responses were seen in this group of patients with advanced malignancies, MTP-PE was well tolerated and exerted biological effects on monocytes. Serum neopterin levels may be a useful marker for the biological effects of MTP-PE.
 ...
PMID:Phase I and immunomodulatory study of a muramyl peptide, muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine. 169 52

Forty-two patients aged between 19 and 70 years (30 women and 12 men) suffering from primary unipolar depression were randomly selected and treated under double-blind conditions with either mianserin (Lantanon; Organon) or clomipramine (Anafranil; Ciba-Geigy) after an initial wash-out period. Patients on all other medication, including benzodiazepines, were excluded from the study. The severity of depression was assessed on day 0 and after 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 weeks' treatment. There were no significant pretrial differences between the groups in respect of severity of depression, age, sex or previous psychiatric history. During the 1st week of treatment all subjects received either mianserin 30 mg or clomipramine 75 mg once daily. From the 2nd week onwards the dose was doubled. Thirty patients completed the trial, 16 on mianserin and 14 on clomipramine. The improvement on both treatments was marked, favouring mianserin but only reaching significance in the 5th week. Side-effects, especially tremor, tachycardia, dystonia, dizziness, excitement, nasal congestion and dry mouth, were significantly more common in the group using clomipramine. This study confirms reports that mianserin is an effective antidepressant which is better tolerated and produces fewer side-effects (especially anticholinergic) than comparable tricyclic antidepressants such as clomipramine.
 ...
PMID:Mianserin and clomipramine in the treatment of depression. 704 54

Early adverse effects of a drug may be a manifestation of individual differences in drug metabolism or of different pathologic processes. These differences may influence therapeutic responsiveness. Using data from Ciba-Geigy's multicenter 10-week clinical trial, we studied the relationship between early side effects and subsequent therapeutic response to clomipramine (CMI) in obsessive-compulsive disorder. We used tabular analyses and multiple regression to evaluate associations between early complaints and change in score on the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale. We also evaluated whether early complaints were drug related (i.e., true side effects). It appeared that dry mouth, constipation, dizziness, insomnia, male impotence, nervousness, palpitation, and tremor reported during the first 4 weeks were predictive of good response to CMI. Myoclonus and tinnitus appeared weakly associated with treatment success. Most of these complaints were reported more by the CMI group than the placebo group, and more during CMI treatment than before. The more common complaints may reflect an individual's ability to metabolize CMI appropriately so that adequate therapeutic blood levels are attained. The less common complaints may reflect a sensitivity to CMI's serotonergic actions.
 ...
PMID:Relationship between early side effects and therapeutic effects of clomipramine therapy in obsessive-compulsive disorder. 883 9