Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Enzyme stability studies in case of Sclerotium rolfsii UV-8 mutant have been investigated under the conditions used for saccharification of cellulose (50 degrees C, pH 4.5, 48 h). Avicelase (measure of exoenzymes) and xylanase were found to be less stable than CMCase (endoglucanase) and beta-glucosidase. Merthiolate (and other Hg compounds) added as a biocide, inactivated avicelase and xylanase about 60-70%. Of the antibiotics tested, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and streptomycin sulfate were found suitable as an additive in cellulose hydrolysis system. The optimum hydrolysis of alkali-treated (AT)-rice straw, AT-bagasse, Solka Floc SW40, and Avicel P.H.101 was observed under shaking conditions at pH 4.5, 50 degrees C in CO2 atmosphere. It is suggested, all the studied parameters could be used for the evaluation of mutant strains.
 ...
PMID:Factors affecting stability of Sclerotium rolfsii UV-8 mutant cellulase complex under saccharification conditions. 179 12

Acute toxicity of cefpirome sulfate (CPR) was examined in 6-week-old mice and rats and immature (5-day-old) rats. The LD50 values of CPR (mg/kg) were as follows: (1) mice: intravenous, 2420 (95% confidence limits, 2122-2758) for males and 2400 (2181-2640) for females; intraperitoneal, 3850 (3407-4351) for males and 4200 (3889-4536) for females; and oral, 16200 (14781-17755) for males and 18500 (17290-19795) for females. (2) 6-week-old rats: intravenous, 1900 (1784-2023) for males and 2080 (1953-2215) for females; intraperitoneal, 6550 (6179-6943) for males and 5800 (5311-6334) for females; subcutaneous, more than 10000 for both sexes; and oral, more than 8000 for both sexes. (3) 5-day-old rats: subcutaneous, between 1750 and 2500 for males and 2080 (1651-2621) for females. Major changes in general health conditions observed in 6-week-old mice and rats were decreased spontaneous activity, lying prone, tremor, respiratory changes (slow or deep respiration, gasping), clonic or clonic-tonic convulsions. In the 6-week-old rats dosed subcutaneously, vocalization, writhing and cutaneous changes at the injection site (dark reddening or blackening, swelling, exfoliation, depilation, induration) were also observed. In the 5-day-old rats dosed subcutaneously, the changes noted were slow respiration, writhing, cyanosis, and dark reddening and swelling of the skin at the injection site. After administration, transient depression of body weight gain or loss of body weight was observed in the mice and rats except the rats dosed orally. These changes disappeared at 7 days after administration at latest, and all surviving animals showed favorable body weight gain thereafter. Necropsies revealed hemorrhage under meninges in the brain in many of the mice and rats which died. Other findings included subcutaneous changes at the injection site in the 6-week-old and 5-day-old rats dosed subcutaneously (dark reddening, retention of dark red fluid, retention of red, white or dark red gelatinous material) and changes in the peritoneal cavity in the 6-week-old rats dosed intraperitoneally (red or dark red spots on the serous membrane, reddening of adipose tissues).
 ...
PMID:[Acute toxicity study of cefpirome sulfate in mice and rats]. 207 98

When given a two-bottle choice between gradually increasing morphine concentrations (in 0.2% saccharin) and plain tap water, C57BL/6J mice consumed almost 90% of their daily fluid intake from the morphine-saccharin bottle, while the DBA/2J strain, in contrast, consumed 13% or less from the morphine-saccharin solution. The C57BL/6J strain consistently consumed mean daily doses of morphine sulfate in excess of 200 mg/kg, which was sufficient to induce an easily discernable withdrawal syndrome upon removal of the morphine solution, either with or without naloxone challenge. Hypothermia, tremor, wet dog shakes, jumping, and diarrhea were prominent withdrawal signs. In separate experiments, the saccharin was removed from the morphine-containing bottle, yet the C57BL/6J mice continued to prefer the morphine solution over tap water. In complete contrast to the above, mice of the DBA/2J strain rejected the morphine-saccharin solution at the lowest concentration employed, and at no time did their mean daily morphine dose exceed 20 mg/kg. Thus, morphine-saccharin preference is strongly genetically determined, and a high degree of physical dependence can result in the morphine-preferring strain. Palatability differences appear not to be the predominant explanation for these differences in morphine-saccharin consumption.
 ...
PMID:Physical dependence induced by the voluntary consumption of morphine in inbred mice. 232 Jun 38

34 patients with acute asthmatic attack were studied in double-blind, randomized and crossover manner. Each of them was treated with following two protocols during two sequential days: 0.5 mg of ipratropium bromide (IPB), followed by 5 mg of salbutamol sulfate (SAS) 75 minutes later; or 5 mg of SAS, followed by another dose 35 minutes late. The drugs were delivered via a jet nebulizer. The effects and side-effects of the treatment were evaluated immediately before the first inhalation and at peak of bronchodilatation (60-75 minutes after IPB or 20-35 minutes after SAS). Compared with inhaled SAS, IPB produced considerable improvement in central airway parameters such as forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) peak expiratory flow (PEF) and respiratory resistance (Rrs) (P greater than 0.05), but less improvement in peripheral airway parameters such as forced vital capacity (FVC) and maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) (P less than 0.01). The sequential inhaled SAS after IPB improved all five parameters (P less than 0.01), but the repeated dose of SAS increased only MMEF (P less than 0.01). Compared with double-dose SAS, the sequential treatment with IPB and SAS 1 ed to considerable improvement in FVC and MMEF (P greater than 0.05), but greater improvement in FEV1, PEF and Rrs (P less than 0.01). Heart (rate and tremor scores after two doses of SAS increased significantly (P less than 0.01). It is concluded that IPB alone is less effective than beta-adrenoceptor agonist, but its combination with SAS would be an effective and safe treatment in acute asthmatic attack.
 ...
PMID:[Effects of ipratropium bromide (IPB) and its combination with salbutamol sulfate (SAS) in acute asthmatic attack]. 253 73

A method is described for the removal of contaminating hemoglobin from the peroxidase enzyme in traumatic skin lesions. The procedure is based on hemoglobin precipitation in a combination of ammonium sulfate half-saturation, and chloroform shaking of the cetyltrimethylammonium-bromide extract. The procedure as such somewhat increases the activity of the peroxidase extract if the extract contains no hemoglobin. On the other hand, the peroxidase activity of the extract decreases as the amount of precipitating hemoglobin increases. On average, about 90% of the peroxidase activity persists after hemoglobin precipitation if the hemoglobin concentration in the extract does not exceed 25 mg/100 ml. In experimental incision wounds, the peroxidase activities obtained with this procedure were the same as when enzyme determinations were done without the removal of hemoglobin or slightly higher. In addition, the amount of peroxidase activity in the wounds was estimated, based on the granulocytes of the contaminating blood.
 ...
PMID:Removal of contaminating hemoglobin from peroxidase in traumatic skin lesions. 255 63

Five healthy young men received, in a double-blind fashion, single oral doses of 10 mg betaxolol, 40 mg betaxolol, 50 mg atenolol, 40 mg propranolol, and placebo. After the dose each received serial 12-minute infusions of isoproterenol sulfate through the dose range 0.5 to 32 micrograms/min until the heart rate rose by 40 bpm or the subject could not tolerate the effects of the infusion. Heart rate, finger tremor, blood pressure, and forearm blood flow were measured after each infusion. Dose-response curves were constructed for the changes in these parameters with increasing doses of isoproterenol. The ascending order of potency of the drugs in preventing the changes in heart rate, finger tremor, diastolic blood pressure, forearm blood flow, and forearm vascular resistance induced by isoproterenol was placebo, 10 mg betaxolol, 50 mg atenolol, 40 mg betaxolol, and 40 mg propranolol. The ascending order of potency of the drugs in preventing the change in systolic blood pressure induced by isoproterenol was placebo, 10 mg betaxolol, 50 mg atenolol, 40 mg propranolol, and 40 mg betaxolol. Betaxolol, 10 mg, is equally cardioselective to 50 mg atenolol and at a dose of 40 mg betaxolol also exhibits cardioselectivity.
 ...
PMID:Effects of betaxolol, propranolol, and atenolol on isoproterenol-induced beta-adrenoceptor responses. 286 28

The solubilization of epicuticle from third-stage (L3) Dirofilaria immitis larval cuticles was investigated. Cuticles collected after L3 had molted were incubated in 1.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) at 37 degrees C with vigorous shaking. Solubilization of epicuticular layers was accomplished as demonstrated by electron microscopy. Diminished binding of an epicuticular specific monoclonal antibody (DIM-229) was seen when SDS-treated cuticles were compared to untreated cuticles in an indirect fluorescence antibody assay. Cuticles which were extracted further by boiling in 1.5% dithiothreitol (DTT) produced less protein than cuticles solubilized in SDS. Both extracts reacted with DIM-229 in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, indicating retention of antigenic reactivity of the solubilized epitope. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of SDS-derived antigens revealed, after silver staining, proteins from 12 to 77 kDa and only 1 band at 15 kDa for SDS-treated cuticles boiled in DTT. Western blot analyses of the extracts with DIM-229 were inconclusive.
 ...
PMID:Solubilization of epicuticular antigen from Dirofilaria immitis third-stage larvae. 305 43

Male Sprague-Dawley rats maintained under controlled lighting and temperature conditions were used in this experiment. Morphine dependency was induced by giving increasing doses of morphine by intraperitoneal injection (IP group) or by the ingestion of morphine through drinking water (PO group). Animals were injected with 10, 20, 30 and 50 mg/kg morphine sulfate at days 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Another group of animals received increasing concentrations of morphine through drinking water from 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 to 0.4 mg/ml at 48 h intervals. Morphine dependent animals were given naloxone by the intraperitoneal route to precipitate withdrawal. Glucose (3 g/kg or 10 g/kg) was given 10 min prior to the administration of naloxone to the respective groups. Another two groups of animals were made diabetic by the administration of streptozotocin. In one group, animals received increasing concentrations of 10, 20, 30 and 50 mg/kg morphine sulfate by the IP route at days 1, 2, 3 and 4, while the other group was not treated with morphine but was assessed for withdrawal signs to serve as the control. Withdrawal signs were assessed by observing the presence of diarrhea, tremor, piloerection, hunchbacked posture, teeth chattering, salivation, erection, restless activity, territorial exploring, irritability to handling, vocalization and jumping. Results obtained indicate that glucose administration at 10 g/kg abolished most of the withdrawal signs, and we were unable to induce the same degree of morphine dependency in diabetic animals as compared to the non-diabetic groups. It was concluded from this study that hyperglycemia could suppress morphine withdrawal signs.
 ...
PMID:Hyperglycemic suppression of morphine withdrawal signs in the rat. 314 67

A sensitive method is described to determine trace quantities of ethylene oxide (EO) in EO-sterilized intraocular lenses (IOLs). An IOL is dipped in ethanol containing 0.25 ppm propylene oxide (PO) in a 4 mL vial, 2 drops of freshly distilled hydrobromic acid is added through a septum, and the mixture is warmed at 50 degrees C for 24 h. It is then neutralized by vigorous shaking with sodium bicarbonate, dehydrated with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and filtered. The filtrate is injected into a gas chromatograph with electron-capture detection, and the peak height ratio of ethylene bromohydrin/propylene bromohydrin is measured. EO residue is calculated from the calibration curve obtained through a similar procedure with the standard EO/PO solutions. The limit of determination is 0.04 microgram/lens (ca 2.0 ppm). When EO residue levels were determined for IOLs sampled at 3 different aeration periods after sterilization, we found that 9 days of aeration was necessary to meet the U.S. Food and Drug Administration proposed limit for EO residue in IOLs.
 ...
PMID:Gas chromatographic determination with electron capture detection of residual ethylene oxide in intraocular lenses. 323 2

The ability of various treatments to prevent peripheral parasympathetic actions, central effects and lethality of the muscarinic agonist oxotremorine was studied in rats. The percentage of animals exhibiting effects of oxotremorine was dose and time dependent. The ED50 for producing lacrimation, salivation, tremor, convulsions and death was 2.5, 1.3, 1.6, 3.2 and 8.3 mg/kg i.p., respectively. Pretreatment with 5 mg/kg of atropine completely prevented all observable effects of oxotremorine at doses of 5 mg/kg and below. Doses of oxotremorine in excess of 5 mg/kg produced tremor, generalized clonic convulsions and death that could not be prevented by atropine when given at up to 160 mg/kg; lacrimation and salivation were not present in atropine-treated rats. In the presence of 40 mg/kg of atropine, ED50 values for oxotremorine were shifted more than 12-fold for lacrimation, salivation and tremor, whereas convulsions and death were maximally altered by a factor of 2. Scopolamine, benactyzine and benztropine were also incapable of completely preventing tremor, convulsions and death induced by 10 or 15 mg/kg of oxotremorine. Atropine methyl nitrate had effects comparable to atropine sulfate on lacrimation, salivation and lethality induced by oxotremorine (10 or 15 mg/kg) but had no effect on tremor or convulsions. A similar profile of atropine-insensitive effects was produced by pilocarpine and arecoline. Doses of diazepam 4 times higher (4 mg/kg) than necessary to prevent tonic-clonic convulsions induced by pentylenetetrazol were ineffective against tremor, convulsions or death produced by oxotremorine (10 or 15 mg/kg) unless given in conjunction with atropine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Nonmuscarinic neurotoxicity of oxotremorine. 357 94


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>