Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of beta-endorphin and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on the body shaking response to ice water immersion were observed in anesthetized rats. Intraventricular injection of beta-endorphin markedly inhibited body shaking, but gamma- and alpha-endorphin and methionine-enkephalin showed only slight or little effect. VIP also suppressed the body shaking. The inhibitory effect of beta-endorphin and VIP was blocked by naloxone. When small doses of beta-endorphin and VIP which could not affect the shaking behavior by themselves were administered simultaneously, significant suppression occurred, indicating potentiation of the effect of beta-endorphin by VIP.
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PMID:Suppressive effect of beta-endorphin on body shaking response to ice water immersion and synergistic action of vasoactive intestinal peptide on beta-endorphin in anesthetized rats. 619 39

Interaction of cholecystokinin (CCK) with vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in body shaking response to ice-water immersion was observed in pentobarbital-anesthetized rats. Although CCK itself had no influence on the response, VIP suppressed it and this effect of VIP was antagonized by simultaneous administration of sulfated octapeptide of CCK, but not by non-sulfated CCK.
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PMID:Interaction of cholecystokinin with vasoactive intestinal peptide in body shaking response to ice-water immersion in rats. 664 3

Suspensions of isolated rat pituitary cells and gonadotroph- or lactotroph/somatotroph-enriched subpopulations obtained by unit gravity sedimentation were allowed to aggregate by constant gyrotory shaking, yielding aggregates of 100-150 micrometers. Within a few days, the aggregated pituitary cells became organized in a tissue-like configuration. There was no proliferation of mesenchymal cells. Glandular cells had a round to oval shape and formed specialized cell junctions. Areas of close apposition alternated with more dilated intercellular spaces. The different pituitary cell types retained their characteristic ultrastructural features and secretory granules, typical of the various cell types. Functional characteristics could be accurately studied in a superfusion system. LH, FSH, and PRL secretion showed very rapid on-off responses to nanomolar concentrations of the specific regulatory stimuli LHRH, TRH, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and dopamine. Aggregates remained highly responsive to LHRH even after 3 weeks in culture. The results indicate that isolated pituitary cells allowed to reaggregate in suspension culture form viable and functional multicellular structures which have maintained in vivo characteristics.
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PMID:Ultrastructural and functional characteristics of rat pituitary cell aggregates. 679 74

Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder in adults over the age of 65. The characteristic symptoms of Parkinson's disease, such as resting tremor, muscular rigidity, bradykinesia, postural instability and gait imbalance, are thought to be a result of the progressive degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra compacta, resulting in insufficient dopamine integrated signalling on GABAergic medium spiny neurons in the striatum. Despite tremendous research, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease have remained largely unknown. Although a variety of possible pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed over the years, including excessive release of oxygen free radicals, impairment of mitochondrial function, loss of trophic support, abnormal kinase activity, disruption of calcium homeostasis, dysfunction of protein degradation and neuroinflammation, the pathogenesis is still largely uncertain, and there is currently no effective cure for Parkinson's disease. To develop potential therapies for Parkinson's disease, inflammatory processes, mitochondrial dynamics, oxidative stress, production of reactive aldehydes, excitotoxicity and synucleinopathies are to be targeted. In this respect, vasoactive intestinal peptide has beneficial effects that provide an advantage for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Vasoactive intestinal peptide is a major neuropeptide-neurotransmitter having antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neurotropic, neuromodulator, and anti-apoptotic properties. In addition to its direct neuroprotective actions regulating the activity of astrocytes, microglia and brain mast cells, it also plays important roles for neuronal adaptation, maintenance and survival.
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PMID:Advantages of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide for the Future Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. 3063 94