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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A new method for preparation of viable islet cells from the normal pancreas is introduced. After total pancreatectomy, the pancreatic duct is cannulated and perfused with Hanks' balanced salt solution (HBSS) containing 0.2% collagenase at 37 degrees C for 30-45 minutes. The gland is then chopped and dissociated by shaking in a water bath. The cell suspension is filtered through steel mesh and washed with cold HBSS by centrifugation. By this method, collagenase is applied preferentially into the acinar tissue and the islet yield is greatly enhanced with decreased acinar contamination. Estimation of insulin and amylase in pancreatic tissue and islet rich cell suspension (graft) indicates a 57% islet recovery and a six-fold enrichment in islet concentration. Graft prepared by this method is autotransplanted into totally pancreatectomised dogs and normoglycemia is achieved in ten of 13 animals.
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PMID:[A new method for preparation of islet cells from dogs]. 298 34

Comparisons have been made of myelinogenic activities in fetal rat brain mixed primary cultures and cultures of isolated oligodendrocytes of comparable age. The specific activities of the sulfatide synthesis, 2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase (2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase, EC 3.1.4.37), and accumulation of myelin basic protein, when expressed per mg of protein, were as high (or generally higher) in isolated oligodendrocyte cultures as in comparable mixed primary cultures at 29 days. However, when these data were analyzed per oligodendrocyte, it became apparent that the isolated oligodendrocytes were substantially less active than their mixed culture counterparts. The results suggest the necessity of nonologodendrocyte positive signals for the optimal expression by oligodendrocytes of myelin-related differentiated functions. The isolation method involves the selection of oligodendrocytes by shaking them from primary cultures of rat brain, followed by the lysis of other contaminating cells in a balanced salt solution at pH 7.2. More than 99% of the isolated cells are viable, at least initially divide, and can be cultured for at least 60 days. The oligodendrocytes selected in this way were characterized by: (i) morphology, (ii) immunofluorescence labeling by antibodies to myelin basic protein and galactosylceramide, and (iii) biochemical analyses for myelin basic protein, activity of 2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase, and sulfogalactosylceramide synthesis.
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PMID:Requirement for nonoligodendrocyte cell signals for enhanced myelinogenic gene expression in long-term cultures of purified rat oligodendrocytes. 616 9

To characterize the short-term effects of grain dusts on pulmonary function, mucosal inflammation, and systemic responses, four women and three men inhaled nebulized corn and soybean dust extracts, endotoxin diluted with Hanks' balanced salt solution (HBSS), and HBSS. Subjects were volunteers recruited via newspaper advertisement and were required to be healthy, nonasthmatic, nonatopic never-smokers. The mean age was 26.9 years (range, 19 to 36 years). Using a randomized, double-blind, crossover design, each subject was challenged with each of the 4 substances with at least 10 days between challenges. Serial spirometry, peripheral blood leukocyte and differential cell counts, and 24-h postchallenge nasal lavages were performed. Extracts were produced by mixing 3 g of the corn or soybean dust with 30 ml HBSS followed by shaking for 60 min, centrifugation, then filter sterilization. The endotoxin solution was produced by mixing lyophilized Escherichia coli endotoxin (serotype 0111:B4) with HBSS to attain a final concentration of 7 mg/L, which was the same as the concentration of endotoxin in both grain dust solutions. The pH of all solutions and unmixed HBSS was adjusted to 5.8, which was the native pH of the soybean dust extract. Subjects were challenged with 0.08 ml/kg of each substance, resulting in a range of endotoxin doses of 30 to 60 micrograms, similar to that which a worker might inhale over the course of one workshift. The lowest mean percentage baseline FEV1 (+/- SD) after inhalation challenge was 99.2 +/- 2.1 for HBSS, and it was significantly lower for endotoxin (90.1 +/- 8.5, p = 0.03), corn dust extract (93.1 +/- 4.3, p = 0.02), and soybean dust extract (96.2 +/- 3.7, p = 0.03). In addition, a peripheral blood leukocytosis developed after exposure to all three endotoxin-containing solutions (p < 0.05), yet a lower peripheral blood lymphocyte count was found only after inhalation of corn dust extract (p = 0.02). Interestingly, this was associated with a higher nasal lavage lymphocyte count after inhalation of corn dust extract (p = 0.03). Neither the decrease in peripheral blood lymphocytes nor the increase in nasal lymphocytes were found after inhalation of soybean dust extract or endotoxin. Our results indicate that extracts of grain dusts have physiologic effects similar to endotoxin. However, in spite of the same endotoxin levels, the effects of corn dust extract appear to have different biologic activity than either soybean dust extract or endotoxin.
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PMID:The effects of inhalation of grain dust extract and endotoxin on upper and lower airways. 836 96