Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Central activity, antihypertensive action and antiulcerogenic actions of Neurotropin (NSP), an extract isolated from vaccinia virus-innoculated skin or tissues of rabbits were investigated herein. When actions of NSP were examined in isolated muscle preparations by the Magnus-method, peristalsis and ACh-induced contraction in the small intestine isolated from crayfish were not influenced, peristalsis and ACh-induced contraction in the small intestine from mice were slightly accelerated, but adrenaline-induced relaxation in the small intestine from mice was not affected. Histamine-induced contraction in the small intestine and tracheal muscles isolated from guinea pigs was antagonized slightly, or not at all by NSP in a high concentration. NSP had no direct action nor anti-ACh action on abdominal muscles from frogs. NSP had no influence on E1-mice-convulsions. Both spontaneous motor activities and exploratory movements in mice were depressed. Sleeping time induced by hexobarbital-Na was prolonged in mice. Tremorine-induced tremor in mice was inhibited by NSP, while perphenazine-induced catalepsy in rats was not. Normal blood pressure in Wistar rats was not influenced, but high blood pressure in SHR (spontaneously hypertensive rats) decreased close to normal levels after NSP. NSP had antiulcerogenic effects on Takagi's restraint-plus-water-immersing ulcers in rats and histamine-induced duodenal ulcers in guinea pigs, but no influence on Shay ulcers in Wistar rats. From the data obtained herein, it may be concluded that NSP has many central depressant-like activities.
 ...
PMID:[Central activity, antihypertensive action and antiulcerogenic effects of neurotropin]. 103 90

A functional variant in the Histamine N-Methyltransferase gene (HNMT - rs11558538) resulting in a threonine to isoleucine substitution (Thr105Ile) has been shown to impair histamine degradation. Two recent studies reported that the threonine allele of this polymorphism might be a risk factor for Parkinson disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET) development. Although PD and ET are considered different entities, they share some clinical and pathological features, suggesting a possible joint etiology. In this study we assess the role of the Thr105Ile variant in PD and ET development, genotyping the variant in a North American Caucasian PD and ET case-control series. Statistical analysis did not identify any significant association between this variant and PD or ET; therefore, our findings do not support the HNMT Thr105Ile variant as a factor in disease development or a genetic link between the disorders.
 ...
PMID:Histamine N-methyltransferase Thr105Ile is not associated with Parkinson's disease or essential tremor. 1977 94

Several abnormalities, including lower histamine levels in brain, elevated serum histamine and degeneration of histaminergic neurons in tuberomammillary nucleus, were described in the histaminergic system of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Histamine is a central neurotransmitter with several functions in brain including regulation of memory, cognition, locomotion, and is degraded in part by histamine N-methyltransferase (HNMT). A common Thr105Ile polymorphism within HNMT gene results in decreased enzyme activity. The Thr105Ile polymorphism was associated with Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), asthma and alcoholism, thus we tested possible association of HNMT functional polymorphism with AD. We have tested 256 AD cases and 1190 healthy controls of Croatian origin. Thr105Ile polymorphism was determined by TaqMan RT-PCR Genotyping Assay and EcoRV digestion. Prevalence of functional HNMT polymorphism among all tested groups was similar and frequency of less active Ile105 variant was 11.5% among AD patients and 13.4% for healthy controls (p=0.26, X(2)=1.25). Our results indicate lack of the association of HNMT Thr105Ile functional polymorphism with Alzheimer's disease.
 ...
PMID:No association between histamine N-methyltransferase functional polymorphism Thr105Ile and Alzheimer's disease. 2113 59

Essential tremor (ET) is a common movement disorder. Animal studies show that histaminergic modulation may affect the pathological processes involved in the generation of ET. Histamine-3 receptor inverse agonists (H3RIA) have demonstrated attenuating effects on ET in the harmaline rat model. In this double-blind, three-way cross-over, single-dose, double-dummy study the effects of 25 mg of a novel H3RIA (MK-0249) and a stable alcohol level (0.6 g L(-1)) were compared with placebo, in 18 patients with ET. Tremor was evaluated using laboratory tremorography, portable tremorography and a clinical rating scale. The Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire (LSEQ) and a choice reaction time (CRT) test were performed to evaluate potential effects on sleep and attention, respectively. A steady state of alcohol significantly diminished tremor as assessed by laboratory tremorography, portable tremorography and clinical ratings compared with placebo. A high single MK-0249 dose was not effective in reducing tremor, but caused significant effects on the LSEQ and the CRT test. These results suggest that treatment with a single dose of MK-0249 does not improve tremor in alcohol-responsive patients with ET, whereas stable levels of alcohol as a positive control reproduced the commonly reported tremor-diminishing effects of alcohol.
 ...
PMID:The effects of a novel histamine-3 receptor inverse agonist on essential tremor in comparison to stable levels of alcohol. 2133 58

Histamine is among the most poorly understood biogenic amines, yet the histaminergic system spreads throughout the brain and has been implicated in functions as diverse as homeostasis and synaptic plasticity. Not surprisingly then, it has been linked to a number of conditions including minimally conscious state, persistent vegetative state, epilepsy, addiction, cluster headache, essential tremor, and Parkinson's disease. We have previously reported that the Wireless Instantaneous Neurotransmitter Concentration Sensing (WINCS) system can monitor dopamine, serotonin, and adenosine using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV). Here, we demonstrate the expanded capability of the WINCS system to measure histamine. The optimal FSCV waveform was determined to be a triangle wave scanned between -0.4 and +1.4 V at a rate of 400 V s(-1) applied at 10 Hz. Using this optimized FSCV parameter, we found histamine release was induced by high frequency electrical stimulation at the tuberomammillary nucleus in rat brain slices. Our results suggest that the WINCS system can provide reliable, high fidelity measurements of histamine, consistently showing oxidative currents at +1.3 V, a finding that may have important clinical implications.
 ...
PMID:Wireless fast-scan cyclic voltammetry measurement of histamine using WINCS--a proof-of-principle study. 2241 70