Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a community of potters in Barbados where lead glazes traditionally have been used, a survey of 12 potters, 19 of their family members, and 24 controls revealed elevated blood lead levels in the potters, their family members, and the neighbours who used pottery for culinary purposes. Dust from the potters' homes and work areas contained lead in concentrations up to 320,000 ppm. Pottery was found to have lead release levels up to 3,125 microgram/ml. Six people had upper extremity tremor associated with elevated blood lead levels. This survey demonstrates the risk of using lead glazes in pottery production to family members of potters as well as the potters themselves and emphasizes the need for surveillance of occupational hazards in developing countries.
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PMID:Lead Absorption in a community of potters in Barbados. 59 Nov 68

During the last decade green plants have become more common in interior decoration. There are companies specializing in the leasing of green plants to public buildings and offices. Weeping fig is one of the most popular green plants. Dust and dry components of the plant are usually removed by vigorous shaking. In this way the allergen becomes airborne. During a few months we have seen several plant keepers who have developed airway allergy to weeping fig. Two of them have been thoroughly investigated. Both are atopics. Extracts were made from leaves and branches and both patients had positive skin prick tests and RAST. The risk of sensitization in plant keepers who work with weeping fig is probably considerable.
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PMID:Allergy to weeping fig--a new occupational disease. 405 Nov 47

Adult female little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) were collected in a church attic in North East, Cecil County, Md. Mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) containing organochlorine pollutants were fed to the bats as follows: 5 bats were dosed at 480 ppm DDE, 12 at 150 ppm DDE, 5 at 1000 ppm polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB; Aroclor 1260), and 12 at 15 ppm PCB. Seven other bats were fed untreated mealworms. The objective was to elevate brain levels of DDE and PCB to lethality and measure these concentrations. During 40 d of dosage, one DDE-dosed bat and two PCB-dosed bats died after exhibiting the prolonged tremor that characterizes organochlorine poisoning. After dosage, surviving bats were starved to elevate brain levels of toxicants, and three additional DDE-dosed bats had tremors before dying. The mean brain concentration of DDE diagnostic of death was estimated as 603 ppm, range 540-670 ppm. This mean is 16-18% higher than means for Mexican free-tailed bats (Tadarida brasiliensis) and common grackles (Quiscalus quiscula), and may indicate less sensitivity. Lethal brain concentrations of Aroclor 1260 were 1300 and 1500 ppm. Such values appear to be higher than values (Aroclor 1254) for brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater). During starvation, DDE-dosed bats lost weight about 24% faster than controls. If smaller amounts of stored DDE cause increases in metabolic rates of nonfeeding bats, as during hibernation or migration, the result could be premature energy depletion and increased mortality.
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PMID:Effects of DDE and PCB (Aroclor 1260) on experimentally poisoned female little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus): lethal brain concentrations. 679 Jul 23

Some unicellular organisms present challenges to chemical fixations that lead to common, yet obvious, artifacts. These can be avoided in entirety by adapting spray-freezing technology to ultrarapidly freeze specimens for freeze substitution. To freeze specimens, concentrated suspensions of cells ranging in diameter from 0.5-30 pm were sprayed with an airbrush at 140-200 kPa (1.05-1.5 torr; 20.3-29.0 psi) into a nylon mesh transfer basket submerged in liquid propane. After freezing, the mesh basket containing the frozen sample was lifted out of the chamber, drained and transferred through several anhydrous acetone rinses at 188 K (-85 degrees C). Freeze substitution was conducted in 1% tannic acid/1% anhydrous glutaraldehyde in acetone at 188 K (-85 degrees C), followed by 1% OsO4/acetone at 277 K (4 degrees C). Freeze substitution was facilitated using a shaking table to provide gentle mixing of the substitution medium on dry ice. High quality freezing was observed in 70% of spray-frozen dinoflagellate cells and in 95% of spray-frozen cyanobacterial cells. These could be infiltrated and observed directly; however, overall ultrastructural appearance and membrane contrast were improved when the freeze-substituted cells were rehydrated and post-fixed in aqueous OSO4, then dehydrated and embedded in either Spurr's or Epon resin. Ultrastructural preservation using this ultrarapid freezing method provided specimens that were consistently superior to those obtainable in even the best comparable chemical fixations.
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PMID:Spray-freezing freeze substitution (SFFS) of cell suspensions for improved preservation of ultrastructure. 926 43

Freeze dried and finely ground leaves of two plants with known antimicrobial activity, Anthocleista grandiflora and Combretum erythrophyllum were extracted with acetone, ethanol, methanol, methylenedichloride, methanol/chloroform/water and water at a 1 to 10 ratio in each case. The quantity and diversity of compounds extracted, number of inhibitors extracted, rate of extraction, toxicity in a bioassay, ease of removal of solvent and biological hazard were evaluated for each extractant. An arbitrary scoring system was developed to evaluate the above parameters for the different extractants. Acetone gave the best results with these plants with an arbitrary value of 102 followed by methanol/chloroform/water (81), methylene dichloride (79), methanol (71), ethanol (58) and water (47). Four five minute sequential extractions of very finely ground A. grandiflora shaking at a high rate extracted 97% of the total antimicrobial activity.
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PMID:Which extractant should be used for the screening and isolation of antimicrobial components from plants? 953 26

The abilities of various extractants to recover four arsenic species [As(iii), As(v), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), and monomethylarsonic acid (MMA)] from soils spiked with 20 micro g g(-1) As were investigated. The extractants were water, buffer solutions (citrate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate), acidic solutions (phosphoric acid and acetic acid), a basic solution (sodium hydroxide) and household chemicals (vinegar and Coca Cola). Gentle shaking at room temperature with each extractant for 24 h gave different recoveries for the different arsenic species. With 0.1 M NaOH solution 46% As(iii), 53% DMA, 100% MMA and 84% As(v) were recovered. A rapid extraction procedure using a sonicator probe has been developed to obtain higher extraction efficiencies. Extracts of arsenic-spiked soil, SRM 2711 Montana soil and SRM 2709 San Joaquin soil were analyzed by HPLC-ICP-MS. In the SRM water extracts, DMA and MMA were identified in addition to inorganic arsenic. The solution detection limits (3s) were 0.1, 0.12, 0.13 and 0.15 ng mL(-1) for As(iii), DMA, MMA and As(v), respectively for HPLC-ICP-MS.
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PMID:Extraction of arsenic species from spiked soils and standard reference materials. 1528 14

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the use of the radiopharmaceutical 123I-ioflupane in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Parkinsonism (P) and essential tremor (ET). Forty-three consecutive patients, aged 35-72 years, presenting symptoms and signs compatible with P, plus 11 normal volunteers, aged 40-60 years, were enrolled for the study. The radiopharmaceutical was injected iv in a dose of 185 MBq and tomographic acquisition in a single-headed Pegasys gamma-camera (ADAC, USA), 3-4 hours post injection was performed in order to evaluate the activity of the presynaptic nigro-striatal dopaminergic transporter. After reconstruction and reorientation, semiquantitative analysis was performed evaluating counts/pixel: a) in the striatum and its parts (caudate nucleus and putamen) of both hemispheres and b) in the visual cortex representing non specific binding. According to our results, all 21 individuals with ET were correctly evaluated with this method, whilst 21/22 patients were diagnosed as having P. No statistical difference concerning the binding of the radioligand to the striatum and its parts was found between normal volunteers and patients with ET. Based on the present results in 21 of our patients, the diagnosis and treatment procedure were changed, while in the remaining 22 patients diagnosis and treatment were confirmed. According to our data, as well as to the data from others, molecular imaging (SPET) with 123I-ioflupane can properly differentiate individuals with ET from those having P, in order to avoid an unnecessary use of drugs that may even cause side effects. All our patients were re-examined after eight months. At that time the above results and the treatment that was given to them meanwhile, were positively evaluated.
Hell J Nucl Med
PMID:[Findings from molecular imaging with SPET camera and 123I-ioflupane in the differential diagnosis of Parkinsonism and essential tremor]. 1614 48

A novel strain of Streptomyces sp. DUT_AHX was isolated from sludge contaminated with nitrobenzene and identified on the basis of physiological and biochemical tests and 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence analysis. The optimal degradation conditions were as follows: temperature 30 degrees C, pH 7.0-8.0, shaking speed 150-180 r/min, and inocula 10% (V/V). The strain, which possessed a partial reductive pathway with the release of ammonia, was also able to grow on mineral salts basal (MSB) medium plates with 2-aminophenol, phenol, or toluene as the sole carbon source. Furthermore, the enzyme activity tests showed crude extracts of nitrobenzene-grown DUTAHX contained 2-aminophenol 1,6-dioxygenase activity. The 17-kb plasmid was isolated by the modified alkaline lysis method and was further cured by sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) together with 37 degrees C. As a result, the cured derivative strain DUTAHX-4 lost the 2-aminophenol 1,6-dioxygenase activity. The results suggested that the catabolic genes encoding the nitrobenzene-degrading enzymes were plasmid-associated. Moreover, the plasmid DNA was amplified with degenerate primers by touchdown PCR and an expected size fragment (471 bp) was generated. The Blast results revealed that the gene encoding a 157 amino acid polypeptide was 39%-76% identical to YHS domain protein. The further examination of the plasmid would demonstrate the molecular basis of nitrobenzene catabolism in Streptomyces, such as regulation and genetic organization of the catabolic genes.
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PMID:Location and PCR analysis of catabolic genes in a novel Streptomyces sp. DUT_AHX capable of degrading nitrobenzene. 1881 84

IgG1 mAb solutions were prepared with and without sodium chloride and subjected to different environmental stresses. Formation of aggregates and particles of varying size was monitored by a combination of size-exclusion chromatography, Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis, Micro-flow Imaging (MFI), turbidity, and visual assessments. Stirring and heating induced the highest concentration of particles. In general, the presence of NaCl enhanced this effect. The morphology of the particles formed from mAb samples exposed to different stresses was analyzed from transmission electron microscopy and MFI images. Shaking samples without NaCl generated the most fibrillar particles, whereas stirring created largely spherical particles. The composition of the particles was evaluated for covalent cross-linking by SDS-PAGE, overall secondary structure by FTIR microscopy, and surface apolarity by extrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy. Freeze-thaw and shaking led to particles containing protein with native-like secondary structure. Heating and stirring produced IgG1-containing aggregates and particles with some non-native disulfide cross-links, varying levels of intermolecular beta sheet content, and increased surface hydrophobicity. These results highlight the importance of evaluating protein particle morphology and composition, in addition to particle number and size distributions, to better understand the effect of solution conditions and environmental stresses on the formation of protein particles in mAb solutions.
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PMID:Structural characterization of IgG1 mAb aggregates and particles generated under various stress conditions. 2445 66

To demonstrate the clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment of myoclonus epilepsy with ragged-red-fibers (MERRF), a case of MERRF was presented with review of the literature. A 4-year-7-month-old girl was diagnosed with MERRF. She had tremor, fatigue and developmental delay for more than 2 years. Laboratory tests showed that the serum and urine lactic acid and pyruvic acid increased significantly. Electroencephalogram showed diffuse and focal spike slow wave and slow wave in right central and parietal regions. Electromyogram showed neurological damage. Gene mutational analysis showed mtDNA 8344 A>G mutation. The mutational rate was 78%. Mitochondrial disease MERRF syndrome was diagnosed. Cocktails therapy with vitamins B1, B6, B12, L-carnitine, and coenzyme Q10 was administrated to the patient. MERRF is a rare disease. The diagnosis can be made by gene mutational analysis. Cocktail therapy may slow down the deterioration of the disease. Gene therapy is still experimental.
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PMID:[Myoclonus epilepsy with ragged-red fibers: a case report and literature review]. 2667 72


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