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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To manage a stressful stimulus animals react both behaviorally and physiologically to restore the homeostasis. In stable horses, a stressful stimulus can be represented by social separation, riding discomfort or the presence of novel objects in their environment. Although Heart Rate Variability is a common indicator of stress levels in horses, the behavioral mechanisms concurrently occurring under stressful conditions are still unknown. The sudden inflation of a balloon was administered to 33 horses. Video-recording of self-directed behaviors (snore, vacuum chewing, snort, head/body shaking) and monitoring of heart activity (HR and SDRR) were conducted for five minutes before (Pre-test) and after the stimulus administration (Stress-test). During the Stress-test, only snore and vacuum chewing increased and a significant increase was also recorded in both HR and SDRR. Moreover, the snore variation between the two conditions showed a significant correlation with the variation of both HR and SDRR. With the snore acting as stress-releasing behavior to restore basal condition, the homeostasis recovered via the enactment of such behavior could be physiologically expressed by an increasing vagal activity. Hence, the capacity to maintain homeostasis (resilience) could correspond to a prevalence of parasympathetic control on heart activity, intervening when certain behaviors are performed.
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PMID:Physiological outcomes of calming behaviors support the resilience hypothesis in horses. 3050 40

Sleep is essential to a patient's well-being. The importance of sleep is highlighted by the adverse effects in the wake of its absence both physically and mentally. Sleep is difficult to achieve in the intensive care unit due to noise, patient care activities, illness, and mechanical ventilation. Activities related to mechanical ventilation such as suctioning, discomfort of the essential tremor, alarms, treatments and sedation effects can all alter sleep architecture. However, mechanical ventilation itself especially as it relates to asynchrony may also play a larger role than previously thought. This paper aims to review sleep in the intensive care unit and the relationship of mechanical ventilation.
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PMID:Sleep and mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit. 3121 17

Resting tremor is one of the major symptoms of Parkinson's disease, which causes havoc in motor functions of the body, has its genesis in communication impairments in the subthalamic nucleus of the basal ganglia. The modern sophisticated surgical treatments, including electrical deep brain stimulation do not yield satisfactory results due to their inability to provide long-term cure and minimize side effects, such as discomfort and increased infection rates. In this work, we propose a novel system based on the emerging communication technology of wireless optogenetic networks of neural dusts to provide a long-term solution for the alleviation of resting tremor. Interfaced with neural dusts, each of the subthalamic nucleus neurons can be controlled and stimulated by the ultrasonic waves which are transmitted from a single/multiple subdural transducer(s) that are placed in the dura mater of the brain. Moreover, in order to address the challenging tasks of charging and addressing each of the neural dusts, we propose a protocol, named as Single Time Instant addressing Protocol, which outperforms the state-of-the-art parallel charging protocol. The basic idea of our protocol is that it selects most frequently occurring spike patterns in a single time instant and assigns the pattern with an ultrasonic frequency. With the improved efficiency of Single Time Instant addressing Protocol validated with empirical datasets, the proposed system is expected to revolutionize the way of treatment of parkinsonian resting tremor.
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PMID:Long-Term Alleviation of Parkinsonian Resting Tremor Using Wireless Optogenetic Nanonetworks. 3216 4

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an alpha-synucleinopathy that leads to prominent motor symptoms including tremor, bradykinesia, and postural instability. Nonmotor symptoms including autonomic, neurocognitive, psychiatric symptoms, and sleep disturbances are also seen frequently in PD. The impact of PD on sleep is related to motor and nonmotor symptoms, in addition to the disruption of the pathways regulating sleep by central nervous system pathology. Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder is a parasomnia that can lead to self-injury and/or injury to partners at night. Restless legs syndrome is a subjective sensation of discomfort and urge to move the legs prior to falling asleep and can lead to insomnia and reduced sleep quality. Excessive daytime sleepiness is common in PD and exerts a negative impact on quality of life in addition to increasing the risk of falls. Obstructive sleep apnea is a breathing disorder during sleep that can cause frequent awakenings and excessive daytime sleepiness. Circadian rhythm dysfunction can lead to an advanced or delayed onset of sleep in patients and create disruption of normal sleep and wake times. All of these disorders are common in PD and can significantly reduce sleep quantity, sleep quality, or quality of life for patients and caretakers. Treatment approaches for each of these disorders are distinct and should be individualized to the patient. We review the literature regarding these common sleep issues encountered in PD and their treatment options.
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PMID:Sleep Issues in Parkinson's Disease and Their Management. 3302 23


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