Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

For phenomenological elucidation of panic attacks, 26 patients with panic attacks were requested to name the panic symptoms in order of their occurrence and specify the patterns of their abatement. Panic symptoms were found to be classifiable into three categories: early symptoms consisting of dizziness or faintness, palpitations, and sweating; intermediate symptoms dyspnea, nausea or abdominal distress, flush or chills, chest pain or discomfort, shaking, and choking; late symptoms paresthesias, fear of dying, and fear of going crazy. Panic symptoms disappeared in 61.6% irrespective of the sequence of their occurrence. Twenty-one patients were interviewed about the experience of nocturnal panic attacks, and 23.8% experienced them. These findings suggest that fear is caused by sudden physical abnormality triggered by some biological factors.
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PMID:The sequence of panic symptoms. 148 43

The antianginal efficacy of bepridil, a calcium antagonist with an extended plasma elimination half-life, has been compared with placebo and the calcium antagonists nifedipine and diltiazem in patients refractory to diltiazem. The earliest observations in the United States of antianginal effects of bepridil were revealed in a single-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled trial of 77 patients with chronic stable angina pectoris that demonstrated that bepridil (300 mg/day) improved exercise duration by 26%, from 6.9 +/- 0.4 (standard error of the mean) to 8.7 +/- 0.5 minutes (p less than 0.001), and exercise work by 52%, from 2.7 +/- 0.3 to 4.1 +/- 0.4 x 10(-3) KPM (p less than 0.001), on a standardized treadmill protocol, and it reduced angina frequency by 68%, from 8.5 +/- 1.1 to 2.7 +/- 0.7 attacks per week, and nitroglycerin use by 76% (p less than 0.001). Minor side effects such as nausea, epigastric discomfort, and tremor were infrequent and no major side effects occurred. Double-blind, parallel-design treatment evaluations confirmed beneficial effects of bepridil alone and in combination with beta blockade. Chronic efficacy was confirmed by evaluations up to 24 months in a controlled withdrawal study. Antianginal effects of nifedipine were compared with those of bepridil in a double-blind, parallel group study of 101 patients with chronic stable angina treated for 3 months. Bepridil (mean final dose 284 mg/day; range 200-400 mg/day) produced modest but statistically significantly (p less than 0.05) greater improvements in exercise work, time to angina, or 1 mm ST-segment change than nifedipine (mean final dose 59 mg/day; range 30-120 mg/day).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Bepridil treatment of chronic stable angina: a review of comparative studies versus placebo, nifedipine, and diltiazem. 153 68

To minimize ocular discomfort while maintaining efficacy, a delivery system for a topical cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, betaxolol was developed. Betaxolol was formulated at 0.25% concentration in a cationic exchange resin, as a suspension. A polyacrylic acid polymer was added to increase viscosity and to increase residence time in the cul-de-sac. No significant settling was observed throughout a four-week observation period. Thus, resuspension of the formulation by frequent shaking was not required for uniformity. In rabbits, the ocular bioavailability of 0.25% betaxolol suspension was equivalent to that of 0.5% betaxolol solution.
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PMID:A novel formulation of an ophthalmic beta-adrenoceptor antagonist. 158 58

We report on a female patient who had a tumour below the mandibular, on the right side of the neck, aged 70 years. When she was 74 years old easy discomfort characterized by trembling of the hands while resting and moving to the target as well as a certain stiffness of the neck, appeared. Three years later, at the age of 77, she felt fatigue, ptosis, double vision, weakness of the jaws while chewing, speech and swallowing disturbances, and weakness of the legs, that led to disability. In such state of health the patient was admitted to hospital for medical examination. Hypomimia, rigor of the neck muscles, vesting tremor, and, above all, clearly marked signs of myasthenic weakness and fatigue of the extraocular, masseteric, mimic, and bulbar muscles and those of the limbs, but in a lesser degree, were found. With Tensilon test we registered a positive response, and by an electrophysiological examination we defined a myasthenic decrement under the repetitive stimulus. Biopsy of submandibular tumour and histologic analysis indicated tuberculous lymphadenitis. Most symptoms of the disease disappeared during the treatment with anticholinesterase drugs and amantadine.
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PMID:[An unusual association of myasthenia gravis and Parkinsonism in a female patient with tuberculous lymphadenitis]. 179 25

We treated 28 patients (16 women and 12 men) who had essential tremor with methazolamide. Their median age was 69 years (range, 34 to 89 years), and the median duration of tremor was 16 years (range, less than 1 to 69 years). Fifteen cases were familial and 13 were sporadic. Improvement in 10 patients who continued taking the drug ranged from moderate to complete relief. In addition, four patients had marked improvement and two had moderate improvement but discontinued use of the drug because of side effects. Five patients with a mild response and seven with no response also discontinued methazolamide therapy. The maximal mean daily dose was 203 mg for all patients and 129 mg (maintenance dose) for the patients who continued taking the drug. Side effects consisted primarily of somnolence, nausea, epigastric discomfort, anorexia, paresthesias, and numbness. No aplastic anemia was noted in any of the patients. The median duration of follow-up was 6 months (range, 10 weeks to 29 months). The therapeutic effect seemed unrelated to a family history of tremor, the effect of alcohol, or the responsiveness to propranolol or primidone. Methazolamide may be an effective drug in the treatment of some patients with essential tremor, particularly those with head and voice tremor.
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PMID:Treatment of essential tremor with methazolamide. 192 92

We report on the clinical efficacy of a slow-release formulation of bromocriptine studied in a multi-center, double-blind trial using standard bromocriptine as the control. We randomly allocated enrolled patients (N = 243) to either the slow-release or normal bromocriptine group. Sixty of them were de novo patients. The maintenance dose of slow-release bromocriptine was 14.2 +/- 0.7 mg/d and that of standard bromocriptine 13.5 +/- 0.7 mg/d (mean +/- SE). The slow-release formulation was taken twice and the standard three times a day. Forty-one percent of the patients treated with the slow-release bromocriptine and 32% of the patients treated with the standard bromocriptine showed moderate or marked improvement in the global improvement rating. There were no serious side effects, and the frequency of vomiting and epigastric discomfort was lower in the patients treated with the slow-release bromocriptine. Clinical efficacies for tremor, rigidity, akinesia, and gait disturbance were comparable between the two drugs tested. The slow-release bromocriptine seems to be a valuable drug for the treatment of Parkinson's disease with less severe side effects than regular bromocriptine.
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PMID:A multi-center, double-blind study on slow-release bromocriptine in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. 192 1

Recently, caffeine consumption in Japan is thought to have increased. Although caffeine had been considered to be harmless, there have been studies which suggests an association between caffeine and health and give rise to vigorous discussion. However, in Japan, there have been few epidemiological studies on caffeine consumption among a general population. A questionnaire survey was conducted among medical students and the results were as follows: 1) High dose users (estimated daily caffeine use is 250 mg or more) were observed in 15.2% and the proportion was higher in males than in females. 2) The respondents gave sleepiness, dry mouth and so on, as reasons for taking caffeine beverages, and gave, as the effects of caffeine, becoming clear-headed, shaking off sleepiness, and epigastric discomfort or pain. 3) A third of respondents have experienced taking caffeine tablets and ampules to shake off sleepiness and, in males, the more caffeine they had daily, the more who reported the experience. 4) Caffeine consumption has an association with alcohol use and smoking habit among males.
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PMID:Caffeine consumption among medical students. 208 88

Minor Tremor (MT), spontaneous about 10 Hz oscillation on the body surface, can be an effector index of physiological reflex behaviors. Many investigations have been made from the thumb balloon surface. Few investigations have been made from the facial surface. No investigation has been made on the laterality of the facial MT. This investigation has been focused on the last problem. The reflex arc has been supposed in order to understand the change of MT described here; the afferent signal is discomfort oral afferent, the efferent route is neuromuscular oscillative system for MT, and the reflex centre is emotional system. When oral discomfort afferents are increased, histogram pattern of facial MT is changed. Control pattern of MT is characterized by unimodal pattern. This pattern changes in parallel to the change in afferent signalling. The side that these MT changes occur is taken with reference to the side that the oral afferents originate. The side relation is also discussed.
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PMID:[Laterality of the facial MT change as the response to oral stimuli including oral sensation or dental pain]. 213 45

A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was carried out in 40 patients affected by multi-infarct dementia to see if a daily intravenous infusion of 3 mg co-dergocrine mesylate ('Hydergine') over 14 days would improve severely deteriorated elderly patients and shorten the latent period (3 months) which is observed when the drug is given orally. All the patients had severe mental impairment, psychological deficit or altered consciousness. A Hachinski score of 7 or more, and a cumulative score of at least 12 points on SCAG scale Items 1, 2 and 4 (anxiety/depression) and/or Items 5, 6 and 8 (alertness/confusion) were required for admission. After 1 week of intravenous infusion of placebo, patients were randomly allocated to treatment with co-dergocrine mesylate or placebo, from Day 1 to Day 14. The solutions were infused over a period of 2 hours. During the follow-up period from Day 15 to Day 21, the patients did not receive any treatment. Thirty-six patients (17 on co-dergocrine mesylate, 19 on placebo) completed the study. The results, as rated on the SCAG scale, indicated significant improvements, in favour of co-dergocrine mesylate, in cognitive dysfunction, mood depression, withdrawal and overall impression. Furthermore, the factor fatigue on the Nowlis scale and clinical global assessments by physicians also showed significant advantages of the co-dergocrine mesylate group over placebo. Nine out of 17 co-dergocrine mesylate patients complained of side-effects, usually experienced during infusion; they consisted mainly of nausea (6 patients), gastric discomfort (2 patients), and tremor, nasal congestion, flushing, hypotension and hypertension (1 patient each). Despite the appearance of side-effects, general tolerability was rated as 'good' by both physicians and patients. It is concluded, therefore, that intravenous high dose co-dergocrine mesylate treatment has a fast and clinically relevant effect on the key clinical symptoms of multi-infarct dementia.
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PMID:Effects of intravenous high dose co-dergocrine mesylate ('Hydergine') in elderly patients with severe multi-infarct dementia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. 268 Feb 86

In many industries workers perform manual assembly tasks with hands postured above the shoulders. Awkward shoulder and arm postures are often viewed as acceptable given costs of workplace modification, postural exertions which are in compliance with current design recommendations, ready availability of strong workers, and numbers of electromyographic studies which fail to detect significant signs of localized muscle fatigue (LMF). An experiment was conducted to: (a) study the onset and severity of (LMF) in the shoulder when performing a stylus-to-hole Fitts reciprocal movement task under a range of postures, hand loads, ratios of work-to-rest, and task durations, and (b) to evaluate the efficacy of three techniques (i.e., changes in EMG behaviour, postural tremor, and cross-modal matching estimates) in detecting and monitoring posturally-based LMF and discomfort in the shoulder complex. Experimental findings showed that posturing hands above shoulder level significantly increased the risk of LMF and postural discomfort even in light-weight manual assembly environs where postural exertions are small, and that cross-modal matching estimates and postural tremor were more sensitive metrics of LMF in the shoulder complex than EMG RMS voltage and mean spectral power frequency metrics. The basis for experimental findings, as well as potential application of LMF metrics in future postural stress investigations, are discussed. Recommendations for workplace posture are provided for job designers facing work height decisions in manual assembly environs.
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PMID:Shoulder posture and localized muscle fatigue and discomfort. 271 48


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