Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Research has been carried out into the effects of a new vasoactive substance, buflomedil hydrochloride, on two groups of patients suffering from cerebrovascular insufficiency and obliterating arteriopathy at the lower extremities. Ten clinical parameters were assessed in the first group of patients (insomnia, headache, vertigo, tinnitus, asthenia, shaking, changes in reflexes, anorexia, memory disturbances, problems of concentration and character disturbances); in the second group, the muscular flow of the gastrocnemius as measured by the muscular clearance of NaI131 at rest, during standard exercise conditions, during ten minutes following exercise and in the post-ischaemic phase. The results can be considered satisfactory in both groups, especially after prolonged treatment and in the early stage of the disease. Drug tolerance was very good.
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PMID:[Treatment of chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency and chronic obliterating arteriopathy of the lower extremities with buflomedil hydrochloride]. 404 47

The efficacy of chlordiazepoxide and tiapride in the management of acute alcohol withdrawal syndrome was compared in a randomized, parallel-group, double-blind trial. The mean daily dose for both preparations on the first two days was four capsules, i.e., 200 mg for chlordiazepoxide and 400 mg for tiapride. Thereafter the patients were treated according to the relief of symptoms obtained. The treatment periods lasted 3-5 days. Both drugs effectively alleviated alcohol withdrawal symptoms, especially anxiety, fear, hallucinations, insomnia, sweating, tremor, abdominal pain and vertigo. Seventy percent of the patients in the chlordiazepoxide and 42% in the tiapride group considered the drug effective. The difference was statistically significant in favour of chlordiazepoxide (p less than 0.05). Tiapride is an alternative drug in the treatment of this condition, if benzodiazepines are to be avoided.
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PMID:Tiapride and chlordiazepoxide in acute alcohol withdrawal. A controlled clinical trial. 639 14

Primidone given to a patient for epilepsy produced an unexpected reduction in benign familial tremor. Over the next eight years the drug was therefore tried in a prospective study of 20 other patients with benign familial tremor alone. Of these, six could not tolerate the drug because of vertigo and nausea but 12 obtained a good response, which in some cases was dramatic. Investigations in two patients suggested that the effect was mediated predominantly by derived phenylethylmalonamide, though primidone had some effect, since tremor recurred slightly on withdrawing the drug despite a constant or rising blood phenylethylmalonamide concentration. Primidone is highly effective in benign familial tremor. More patients with the condition are intolerant of the drug than are usually found with epilepsy.
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PMID:Benign familial tremor treated with primidone. 677 38

The metabolism of an appreciable number of drugs has been shown to be influenced by age. In a study designed to assess plasma levels of clomipramine in twenty-eight patients aged between 65 and 75 years and fourteen patients over 75 years of age and compare them with the levels achieved by a control group of patients aged between 18 and 40 years, the severity of depression was assessed initially and after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days using the General Practitioner Clinical Research Group Scale. Clomipramine was administered in a single dose of 25 mg either in the morning or in the evening. In general there were similar improvements in total score and in individual items on the rating scale in all three groups of patients. More drug related drop-outs occurred in the group of elderly subjects and in extreme age the response to treatment was slower although the end result of treatment was the same as that seen in younger subjects. Some side-effects such as constipation, tremor, ataxia and vertigo were commoner in older subjects.
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PMID:Clomipramine and age: an interaction study. 720 22

A routine X-ray examination of the sinuses of a patient complaining of regular bouts of dizziness may provide diagnostic information about a so-called sinugenic vertigo. In addition to the pathological X-ray findings in the maxillary sinuses, the patients presented either a positioning nystagmus or a head-shaking nystagmus, with disturbed vestibular spinal reaction as a pathological vestibular condition. Out of 15 patients in whom a sinusitis-induced (sinugenic) dizziness was diagnosed and who appeared regularly for the control checks, 14 patients said that they were relieved of the dizziness as a result of sinus therapy, often immediately afterwards. Interrelationships possibly exist between pathological trigeminus reflexes via the sphenopalatine ganglion brought about by maxillary sinusitis and a reflectory labyrinthine irritation, triggering the vertigo.
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PMID:Vertigo originating from inflammation of the paranasal sinuses (the so-called sinugenic vertigo). 732 57

When divers are exposed to extreme atmospheric pressures they may exhibit symptoms of the high pressure nervous syndrome (HPNS). Although clinical HPNS symptoms are well described, little is known about the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms. Special HPNS signs like vertigo and tremor suggested sensory-motor hyperexcitability resulting from brainstem dysfunction. We therefore studied brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) repeatedly in four divers during an experimental deep helium-oxygen saturation dive to 450 meters of seawater (msw). Wave I (auditory nerve response) latency decreased whereas interpeak latencies (IPLs) I-III and I-V, which indicate respective cochleo-pontine and cochleo-mesencephalic transmission time, prolonged during the dive. IPLs III-V also prolonged the dive, but with greater variability among divers. Two divers showed a marked reversal of the normal attenuation effect of increased stimulus presentation rates on IV and V amplitudes during compression, an effect that subsided during the stay at bottom depth. This finding might indicate a relative enhancement of synaptic excitability and is presumed to be a feature of HPNS. Wave I latency reduction might at least partly be caused by accelerated sound conduction in dense helium. Additionally, an upward shift of middle ear resonance frequencies in helium can induce a basal shift of the main cochlear portion responding to the wide band clicks. This effect may reduce wave I latency due to greater relative input from the basal high frequency-short latency-cochlear neurons. Pressure-induced decrease of nerve conduction velocity, delay of synaptic transmission, and inhibitory modulation of midbrain auditory afferents possibly contributed to observed interpeak latency prolongations. Clinical HPNS signs, such as tiredness, dizziness, postural and intentional hand tremor, ataxia, and opsoclonus, were noted in three divers after reaching 300 msw and continued throughout the 37-h stay at bottom depth.
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PMID:Brainstem auditory evoked potentials during a helium-oxygen saturation dive to 450 meters of seawater. 758 Jul 64

The stages of continuous vertigo of peripheral origin were classified into nine categories according to the findings of spontaneous nystagmus (SPN) and head-shaking nystagmus (HSN). The patients analysed were 18 with vestibular neuronitis, 6 with sudden deafness and 6 with unilateral inner ear disorders. 1) Irritative SPN (Stage I) was rarely encountered. 2) SPN of the paralytic type (Stage II) was usually observed in the period less than one month after the onset of diseases. 3) HSN directed toward the intact side with or without a reversal phase (Stages III-2 and III-1, respectively) were the common types of central compensation. 4) The progress of recovery to complete cure (Stage V) was usually rapid once it had actually begun. 5) During the process of recovery, HSN could disappear transitorily (Stage III-3), or be directed toward the affected side without a reversal phase (Stage III-5). Spontaneous recovery nystagmus (Stage IV) could also occur. 6) About 40% of patients recovered to Stage V within about 4 months after the onset of vertigo, but about 30% of patients remained in Stage III-1 or III-2 even after 4 months.
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PMID:Stage-assessment of the progress of continuous vertigo of peripheral origin by means of spontaneous and head-shaking nystagmus findings. 761 Aug 63

Nystagmus after rapid head-shaking (post-headshake nystagmus) is often seen in patients with vestibulopathy. Post-headshake nystagmus is transient and is frequently associated with symptoms of dizziness, dysequilibrium, or vertigo. The phenomenon presumably reflects headshake-induced asymmetry in vestibulo-ocular reflex pathways, which persists after head-shaking stops. We postulated that the same vestibular imbalance that underlies post-headshake nystagmus might produce an equivalent in postural instability. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the effect of headshake on postural control and eye movements in patients who exhibited post-headshake nystagmus, vestibulopathy, or both. Postural instability was quantified with a dynamic platform device, whereas eye movements were recorded with electrooculography. Ten normal controls and 21 patients with a history of post-headshake nystagmus or unilateral vestibulopathy were evaluated. Subjects were tested for 20 seconds before and immediately after passive horizontal headshake (+/- 30-degree amplitude) at 2 Hz for 20 seconds. Postural stability was assessed while subjects stood with eyes closed, and the floor was modulated proportionally with sway. The difference in normalized peak-to-peak sway (equilibrium score) before and after headshake was assessed in all subjects and compared between groups. Post-headshake nystagmus was documented by electro-oculography recorded during posturography. Results for normal controls and vestibulopathic subjects without post-headshake nystagmus showed only a small transient decline in postural stability after headshake. Those with post-headshake nystagmus (regardless of caloric asymmetry) showed a robust decline in postural stability.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Nystagmus and postural instability after headshake in patients with vestibular dysfunction. 787 Apr 39

In a controlled clinical inpatient trial (n = 93) comparing the efficacy and safety of brofaromine versus tranylcypromine for 6 weeks in treatment-resistant major depressed patients, the two drugs were found to be of comparable afficacy and tolerability. The response rate (a 50% reduction) on the Hamilton Scale for Depression (HAMD) in both groups was about 73%. The most common side effects in the brofaromine group were sleep disorders, hypotension, tremor and dryness of mouth; and in the tranylcypromine group sleep disorders, fatigue, hypotension, tremor and vertigo. Methodological and practical clinical implications of the results are discussed.
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PMID:Brofaromine in treatment-resistant depressed patients--a comparative trial versus tranylcypromine. 800 47

The effect of 806 microstimulations were observed in 16 patients with movement disorders, dystonia (DA, n = 6) and tremor (TR, n = 10). Among the 347 sites in DA patients motor response was seen at 29 sites, the response with increased dystonia was seen at 28 sites. The effect could be seen at 14 sites (50%) in ventrointermedialis (Vim), five sites (18%) in ventrocaudalis (Vc) and five sites (18%) in white matter (Wm). As for the other four sites, one site was in ventraloralis anterior (Voa), two sites in ventraloralis posterior (Vop), and one site in dorsal thalamus (dth), but reduction of dystonia drive was only seen at one site in dth. On the other hand, among the 459 sites in TR patients, motor response leading to reduction of tremor drive was seen at 38 sites, of which 30 sites (79%) were noted in Vim nuclei, and five sites (13.2%) in vc nuclei; of the remaining sites, two were seen in Vop nuclei, one in dth, and no increasing tremor drive was observed in all area. In general, paresthesia was the most common response, which was found at 159 sites (45.8%) with DA and 216 sites (47.1%) with TR. Pain was only seen at one site in Wm of DA; warm/cold and vertigo could be seen in Vop, Vim, and vc nucleus respectively. No responses were shown at 156 sites (45%) in DA, and 201 sites (43.8%) in TR.
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PMID:Distribution and response evoked by microstimulation of thalamus nuclei in patients with dystonia and tremor. 808 93


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