Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bromocriptine (CB-154) and the 8-alpha-ergoline CU 32-085, two dopamine receptor agonists, were administered at different times to two series of 22 patients with Parkinson's disease, most of whom took levodopa (plus benserazide) at optimum dosage. The addition of bromocriptine (mean daily dose 32 mg; after 6 months 40 mg) led to a 38.5% reduction of levodopa, while CU 32-085 (mean daily dose 15.2 mg; after 6 months 17.5 mg) permitted a 33.7% reduction in levodopa. The mean dose in two patients on CU 32-085 monotherapy was 55 mg/day. A total of 15 patients tolerated adequate doses of bromocriptine (5-75 mg/day, mean duration of treatment 7.5 months) and 15 patients long-term treatment up to 14 months with CU 32-085 (dose range 1-60 mg/day; mean duration 8.8 months). Both groups showed a significant improvement of "total disability score' at 6 months by 56% and 67%, respectively, and after 6 months by 69% and 69.4%, respectively, with a significant decrease of all types of disability. All patients with fluctuations and "on-off' effects rapidly improved on both compounds. Bromocriptine and CU 32-085 were discontinued in seven patients each (32%) because of adverse effect including mental changes (for with bromocriptine, two with CU 32-085), nausea and vomiting (one and two, respectively), hypotension (one each) and increased tremor plus vomiting (one with CU 32-085). Although adverse effects were similar to those observed with levodopa, CU 32-085 in general showed less severe dyskinesia and mental changes but more frequent nausea than bromocriptine and levodopa. While the results of treatment with bromocriptine and CU 32-085 were comparable, the antitremor effect of the latter drug developed more rapidly, even at low dosage. Both compounds were useful in the management of patients with advanced Parkinson's disease, CU 32-085 having a stronger effect on tremor, bradykinesia, fluctuations and "on-off' effects than bromocriptine.
 ...
PMID:Adjuvant treatment of Parkinson's disease with dopamine agonists: open trial with bromocriptine and CU 32-085. 618 Jan 42

Lithium carbonate ameliorates neutropenia associated with cancer chemotherapy. The effect of lithium on platelet suppression has not, however, been well established. In the present study, five patients with ovarian carcinoma received daily lithium during alternate cycles of treatment with hexamethylmelamine, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, and cis-platinum. Analysis of myelosuppression was performed on 24 paired consecutive cycles given at identical doses, one with and one without lithium. During lithium cycles, nadir leukocyte, neutrophil, and platelet counts were significantly higher (P less than 0.01, less than 0.01, less than 0.05 respectively) and the interval between treatments was shorter (P less than 0.01). One patient who has received 11 cycles of chemotherapy continues to receive 100% doses owing to the beneficial effect of lithium on chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia. Lithium was poorly tolerated by some patients because of either tremor or nausea and vomiting, in spite of nontoxic serum lithium levels. The amelioration of drug-induced platelet suppression as well as neutrophil suppression noted in this study suggests that lithium's effect on hematopoiesis is not limited to stimulation of neutrophil production. The ability of lithium to decrease chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression suggests that lithium administration may facilitate escalation of chemotherapy doses in selected patients.
 ...
PMID:The effect of lithium carbonate on chemotherapy-induced neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. 642 95

A total of 26 patients were treated with pergolide mesylate, a semi-synthetic ergot derivative with the property of direct dopamine activity. Of these patients, 18 suffered from late failure of L-dopa, while the remaining 8 had never before been treated with L-dopa. The aim of the trial was to study the activity of pergolide, either by giving it to untreated patients or by reducing as much as possible the L-dopa given in patients with parkinsonism. Adverse effects and failure rate were reduced by slowly increasing the daily dosage, by giving considerable dose flexibility whenever side-effects were manifest, and by the use of relatively low doses (mean of 3.8 mg in the L-dopa-group and 2.9 in the other group). At present, from 26 patients, 13 (50%) still remain in the study for an average treatment period of 16 months (3 weeks to 25 months for the group as a whole). All patients experienced a beneficial effect from pergolide, especially during the first months of treatment, in selfcare, rigidity, gait and automatic movements. Slight or no improvement was seen in tremor, speech and posture. The most frequent side-effects were nausea and vomiting (in the initial phase of the treatment), insomnia and psychotoxic reactions (mostly periods of confusion accompanied by visual hallucinations and paranoid illusions). The study indicated that pergolide mesylate is a useful additive for treatment of parkinsonism, but special attention should be paid to the important psychotoxic adverse effects that may appear, even at a low dose.
 ...
PMID:Pergolide therapy in Parkinson's disease. 648 22

Large intramuscular doses of a water-miscible preparation of vitamin A (500,000 I.U. retinyl acetate/ml), vitamin E (50 I.U./ml) and vitamin D2 (50,000 I.U./ml) were administered to young monkeys (Macacus fascicularis) weighing 1-1.8 kg. At vitamin A doses equivalent to 200 mg retinol/kg or higher, early signs of acute toxicity included yawning, apparent drowsiness, nausea and vomiting, head shaking, neck hyperextension, motor hyperactivity and coordination. These immediate signs were first noted 3-35 minutes after injection. Following apparent recovery at 1-2 hrs, longer term signs of toxicity, such as decreased activity, malaise, drowsiness, loss of appetite, loss of weight, and itchiness of the skin, appeared within 1-6 days, depending on the dose. Monkeys receiving the highest lethal doses became progressively weaker, showed labored breathing, lapsed into a coma, lost simple reflexes and then died. Respiratory failure usually preceded the cessation of heart beat. In some monkeys on a lower but lethal dose, death was preceded by generalized convulsive seizures. The time of onset of the first sign and survival time were inversely proportional to the dosage, but in individual monkeys no correlation existed between onset time and survival time. Female monkeys seemed to succumb faster to a lethal dose than male monkeys. All animals receiving the equivalent of 300 mg retinol/kg died. Under the conditions used, the LD50 was estimated to be 168 mg retinol (560 000 I>U.) per body weight.
 ...
PMID:A lethal hypervitaminosis A syndrome in young monkeys (Macacus fascicularis) following a single intramuscular dose of a water-miscible preparation containing vitamins A, D2 and E. 697 50

A case report is presented that involves the extended use of a contraceptive diaphragm and illustrates the problems in promptly establishing a clinical diagnosis of staphylococcal toxin syndrome. A 27-year old woman, 2 months postpartum, was admitted to the hospital after 24 hours of fever, shaking, chills, sweats, nausea and vomiting, and diminished urine output. She had been unable to remove a new coil spring diaphragm, used for the 1st time since parturition, for 3-1/2 days before admission. On the day of admission the diaphragm was removed with some difficulty. A purulent, foul-smelling vaginal discharge at the time the diaphragm was extracted was noted. She was lactating and had had no menses since conception. Her past medical history was unremarkable except for mitral valve prolapse. Evaluation at the time of admission was remarkable for a pulse rate of 120 beats/minute and orthostatic lightheadness. The blood pressure was 110/70 mm Hg when the patient was supine and fell less than 15 mm Hg systolic when she was seated. The white blood cell count was 17,000 with 63% segmented and 33% juvenile polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The sedimentation rate was 45 mm/hour. Multiple cultures of vagina, throat, urine, and blood were obtained. Vigorous intravenous fluid and electrolyte therapy was administered, and the patient was initially begun on ampicillin and tobramycin. Shortly after the appearance of the rash, staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome (TSS) was suspected, and the ampicillin was changed to oxacillin. The rash and strawberry tongue faded within 24 hours, and she became normotensive and afebrile by the 2nd hospital day. She was changed to oral dicloxacillin as the only antibiotic on the 4th hospital day, after the culture results were confirmed. At the time of discharge on the 6th hospital day, desquamation of the skin on the palms and soles had started and continued for another 7-10 days. A 10 day course of dicloxacillin was completed. Follow-up vaginal, cervical, and pharyngeal cultures 3 and 5 months later contained no S. aureus. The patient had resumed menstruation but was not using tampons or a diaphragm. Increased vigilance for the potential dangers of using vaginal occulusive devices when the lower genital tract is colonized by S. aureus is necessary.
 ...
PMID:Prolonged use of a diaphragm and toxic shock syndrome. 710 18

In a double-blind clinical trial with 20 patients suffering from endogenous depression statistically significant changes (improvement) were present in the scores of all assessment instruments. Although no statistically significant differences occurred between the groups, significant improvement on the HAM-D occurred earlier for amitriptyline and significant improvement occurred earlier on HAM-A for viloxazine. 2 patients were discontinued due to adverse reactions; one for nausea and vomiting while receiving viloxazine and one for paroxysmal atrial tachycardia while receiving amitriptyline. The same number of TES occurred for each group with seven unique to viloxazine (numbness, tingling, palpitation, ejaculation difficulty, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, epigastric pain and gustatory disturbances) and seven unique to amitriptyline (insomnia, irritability, syncope, tremor, nasal congestion, orthostatic hypertension and paroxysmal atrial tachycardia). Other than for 1 patient who developed syncope and orthostatic hypotension and the patient who developed paroxysmal atrial tachycardia, there were no clinically significant changes in pulse rate, blood pressure and weight. There were no clinical laboratory findings with either drug that were judged to be pathological.
 ...
PMID:Viloxazine in the treatment of endogenous depression. A standard (amitriptyline) controlled clinical study. 718 72

Spinal cavernous hemangioma is rare, and it is extremely rare for cavernous hemangioma to develop in the cauda equina. There has been only one report of hydrocephalus associated with cavernous hemangioma in the cauda equina. We report a case of cavernous hemangioma in the cauda equina diagnosed on the basis of the headaches due to hydrocephalus. A 67-year-old man was being treated for Parkinson's disease because of tremor of both upper extremities for several years. In December 1991 he complained of occasional headaches. On February 15, 1992 the headaches became severe and frequent, with nausea and vomiting, and his gait became unsteady. Four days later he came to our hospital. Neurological examination revealed fine finger tremor and truncal ataxia. Computerized tomography scanning and magnetic resonance imaging of the head revealed ventricular enlargement, but there were no mass lesions obstructing the cerebrospinal fluid pathway. Lumbar puncture at the L3-L4 level yielded bloody cerebrospinal fluid, and the pressure had increased to 410 mmH2O. Cerebral angiography showed no abnormal findings. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine demonstrated an intradural tumor at the level of vertebral body L2. Spinal angiography showed no evidence of abnormal vascularity in the mass at the L2 level. On March 10, 1992, laminectomy at three levels, L1 to L3 was performed, and a well-defined blueberry-like intra-cauda equina tumor 1 cm. in diameter, was removed. One spinal nerve root passed through the tumor. The pathological diagnosis was cavernous hemangioma. After removal of the tumor, the patient's headaches improved, and a follow-up computerized tomography scan six months later showed normal ventricle size.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Cauda equina cavernous hemangioma associated with hydrocephalus--case report]. 754 25

During December 1993-September 1995, the Bureau of Food and Drug Safety, Texas Department of Health (TDH), received approximately 500 reports of adverse events in persons who consumed dietary supplement products containing ephedrine and associated alkaloids (pseudoephedrine, norephedrine, and N-methyl ephedrine). This total included reports by individuals and reports identified by the Bureau of Epidemiology, TDH, in a review of records from the six centers of the Texas Poison Center Network. Reported adverse events ranged in severity from tremor and headache to death in eight ephedrine users and included reports of stroke, myocardial infarction, chest pain, seizures, insomnia, nausea and vomiting, fatigue, and dizziness. Seven of the eight reported fatalities were attributed to myocardial infarction or cerebrovascular accident. This report describes three patients in which the recommended dosage for the dietary supplements reportedly was not exceeded, summarizes results from ongoing investigations, and underscores the potential health risks associated with the use of products containing ephedrine.
 ...
PMID:Adverse events associated with ephedrine-containing products--Texas, December 1993-September 1995. 877 3

The use of ondansetron, a selective serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, is well established in patients with nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy, radiotherapy or anaesthesia and surgery. The wide distribution of 5-HT3 receptors in the body and the role of these receptors in disease have provided the rationale for investigation of ondansetron in novel applications. Preliminary data have shown ondansetron to have clinical benefit in patients with nausea and vomiting associated with drug overdosage or poisoning, anti-infective or antidepressant therapies, uraemia or neurological trauma, and in patients with pruritus. Patients with gastrointestinal motility disorders (e.g. carcinoid syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome, diarrhoea associated with cryptosporidiosis or diabetes, and chronic refractory diarrhoea) have also shown some improvement when treated with ondansetron, as have patients with certain pain or CNS-related disorders [e.g. alcohol (ethanol) dependence, opiate withdrawal, vertigo, cerebellar tremor and Parkinson's disease treatment-related psychosis]. In contrast to conventional antiemetics, ondansetron is generally well tolerated with a lower incidence of sedation and only isolated case reports of extrapyramidal reactions. Furthermore, unlike dopamine receptor-blocking neuroleptics, ondansetron does not appear to worsen the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Thus, in addition to its established indications, preliminary results suggest that ondansetron may be beneficial in a number of novel applications. This drug may represent a treatment alternative in patients with refractory disease, or an effective treatment of conditions for which current therapies are either poorly tolerated or not available. Further investigation of ondansetron in a range of potential new applications appears to be warranted.
 ...
PMID:Ondansetron. A review of its pharmacology and preliminary clinical findings in novel applications. 911 22

A 16-year-old female presented to an emergency department with complaints of nausea and vomiting, dehydration, increasing weakness, and resting tremor. The past history included mild exercise-induced asthma. She denied sexual activity, but a urine test for beta-human chorionic gonadotropin was positive and she was transferred to a gynecology service for management of pregnancy. She also had primary amenorrhea and delayed growth for age. Further complaints included headaches accompanied with worsening of visual activity. Pelvic ultrasound revealed no intrauterine or ectopic pregnancy. Head CT scan showed a suprasellar tumor, better defined on an MRI as a hypothalamic tumor. Pathology following partial tumor resection revealed a mixed germ cell tumor with negative metastatic work-up.
 ...
PMID:Another Positive Pregnancy Test. 1035 84


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 Next >>