Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A group fo 237 patients in a long-term lithium treatment were questioned specifically about five side effects commonly associated with lithium treatment and unspecifically about "other" complaints. About one tenth of the patients did not complain of side effects, two thirds had one or two complaints, and one fourth had three or more. About one half of the patients complained of hand tremor, two thirds of increase thirst, one fifth of weight gain exceeding 10kg, one fifth of diarrhea, and one tenth of edema of legs or face. A few patients had other complaints. For each side effect we analysed whether its presence was significantly associated with such patient and treatment variables as sex, age, duration of the lithium treatment, 12-h serum lithium concentration, type of lithium preparation, and additional medication. Men complained of tremor significantly more often than women. Diarrhea was significantly less frequent in patients given additional treatment with antidepressants. Weight gain was associated with increased thirst and fluid output and with significantly increased blood pressure. None of the other variables distinguished between patients with and without the various complaints. We nevertheless hypothesize that a moderate reduction of the serum lithium level may lead to a lowering of the frequency of some side effects.
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PMID:Clinically significant side effects of lithium treatment. A survey of 237 patients in long-term treatment. 745 66

Panic disorder is a chronic illness that affects at least 3 percent of the population. Panic disorder is associated with significant morbidity and an increased risk of suicide. Patients generally present with multiple somatic and psychologic complaints, including heart palpitations, chest pain, tremor, shortness of breath, choking, nausea or abdominal distress, dizziness, derealization, fear of losing control or going crazy, fear of dying, paresthesias, chills or hot flushes, headache, diarrhea, insomnia, chronic fatigue, anxiety and depression. To make the correct diagnosis, these symptoms must be evaluated carefully since they also occur with serious cardiovascular, pulmonary, endocrinologic and neurologic disorders. Many effective treatments are available, including tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, benzodiazepines such as alprazolam and clonazepam, and psychotherapy.
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PMID:Panic disorder. 748 99

A minority of patients treated with serotonergic agents develop a fulminant and potentially life-threatening illness characterized by changes in mental status, restlessness, myoclonus, hyperreflexia, tremor, shivering, incoordination, hyperthermia, diaphoresis and diarrhea. This condition of serotonergic hyperstimulation is called the "serotonin syndrome". The author describes an adverse response in a patient given fluoxetine and lithium. A 61-year-old woman presented to casualty exhibits nearly all of the diagnostic criteria proposed by Sternbach [17].
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PMID:[A case of serotonin syndrome]. 756 25

CI-979 ((E)-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-1-methyl-3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde, O-methyloxime monohydrochloride), a novel muscarinic agonist, is being investigated as a potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The objective of the present study was to determine the safety and tolerance of multiple, rising, oral doses of CI-979 in patients with AD. Ten male patients aged 59 to 74 years (mean 65 years) who met NINCDS criteria for AD were randomized to receive either CI-979 (eight patients) or placebo (two patients) according to a double-blind, parallel-group, rising-dose design. Doses were 0.5-mg q6h, 1-mg q12h, 1-mg q6h, 2-mg q12h, 2-mg q6h, 2.5-mg q6h, and 3-mg q6h. All doses were to be administered sequentially for 3 days each with the exception of the 2.5-mg q6h dose, which was to be administered for 1.5 days. Five patients receiving CI-979 discontinued study medication because of adverse events; two after receiving 2-mg q6h (10 doses), two after 2.5-mg q6h (5 doses), and one after 3-mg q6h (4 doses). The study was terminated following administration of the fourth 3-mg dose due to the nature and intensity of adverse events. Cholinergic symptoms including diaphoresis, hypersalivation, nausea, diarrhea, hypotension, chills, headache, flatulence, and urinary frequency and signs suggestive of parkinsonism (cogwheeling, tremor, pillrolling, posturing, and shuffling gait) were dose-limiting. The frequency and intensity of adverse events increased with increasing CI-979 dose. No other clinically significant CI-979-related changes occurred in physical examinations, clinical laboratory measurements, electrocardiograms, or ophthalmologic examinations. Steady-state trough plasma CI-979 concentrations increased in proportion to dose. In summary, CI-979 doses of 1-mg q6h were well tolerated by all patients; 2-mg q6h was tolerated by most patients, and 2.5-mg and 3-mg doses were poorly tolerated, Dose titration to a maximum of 2-mg q6h will therefore be used in initial efficacy trials of CI-979 in patients with AD.
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PMID:Safety and tolerability of CI-979 in patients with Alzheimer's disease. 762 16

Tazobactam (TAZ) is a newly developed beta-lactamase inhibitor. Tazobactam/Piperacillin (TAZ/PIPC) is a formulation consisting of TAZ and PIPC in a ratio of 1:4. Singe-dose toxicity studies in TAZ/PIPC and TAZ were carried out using mice and rats of both sexes and male dogs. The results were as follows. 1. A common clinical sign in mice and rats administered TAZ/PIPC or TAZ by all routes was soft stool. Other signs in mice and rats included a decrease in spontaneous motor activity and/or a decreased respiratory rate for the intraperitoneal (i.p.), subcutaneous (s.c.) or intravenous (i.v.) route. The animals administered by the i.v. route showed tremor for mice and clonic convulsion for rats before death. Hyperemia, hemorrhage or edema of the lung, and hemorrhage of the digestive tract were observed in these animals at necropsy. An enlargement of the spleen was seen in some of the surviving animals treated with TAZ/PIPC. 2. In dogs, TAZ/PIPC caused vomiting, and TAZ caused vomiting, respiratory abnormality, soft stool and diarrhea by the intravenous (i.v.) administration. 3. TAZ/PIPC or TAZ caused clinical signs such as the loss of hair at the injection site for the s.c. route, and necrosis of the tail for the i.v. route in mice and rats, also caused limping of the injected anterior limb in dogs. Necrosis and hemorrhage at the injection site, and peritonitis by the i.p. injection were observed at necropsy. These findings were due to the irritation of TAZ/PIPC or TAZ.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Single-dose toxicity studies of tazobactam/piperacillin and tazobactam]. 783 Feb 84

Yohimbine was used in four men and four women ranging in age from 21 to 64 years with nocturnal polysomnography and multiple sleep latency test-verified narcolepsy. All achieved a stimulant response in doses ranging from 2.7 to 16.2 mg/day. The effective dose was defined as the amount of medication required to maintain subjective wakefulness for 8 consecutive working hours. The average effective dose was approximately 8 mg/day. While one subject became immediately tolerant, others maintained a response for several weeks. The first subject continued to have good control of sleepiness for 17 months. Mild and transient side effects were insomnia, diarrhea, dyspepsia, flushing, and tremor. Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor abnormalities are suspected in narcolepsy, which could explain the improvement in sleepiness for these patients.
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PMID:Effectiveness of yohimbine in treating narcolepsy. 797 85

A 24-year-old oil well tester was rendered semiconscious by hydrogen sulfide (H2S). He received oxygen and was hospitalized but released in 30 minutes. The next day, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and incontinence of urine and stool led to rehospitalization. These problems and leg shaking, dizziness, sweating, trouble sleeping, and nightmares prevented his return to work. A physical examination, chest x-ray, and pulmonary function tests were normal 39 months after the episode but vibration sense was diminished. Two choice visual reaction times were delayed. Balance was highly abnormal (5 to 6 cm/sec) with eyes closed. Blink reflex latency was slow (R-1 17.5 msec versus normal 14.3 msec). Numbers written on finger tips were not recognized. Verbal and visual recall were impaired but overlearned memory was intact. Cognitive functions measured by Culture Fair, block design, and digit symbol were impaired. Perceptual motor was slow. Scores for confusion, tension-anxiety, depression, and fatigue were elevated and vigor was reduced. Forty-nine months after exposure his reaction time, sway speed, and color vision had not improved. His recall and his cognitive, constructional, and psychomotor speeds had improved but remained abnormal. These deficits are most likely due to H2S. Similar testing of other survivors is recommended.
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PMID:Case report: profound neurobehavioral deficits in an oil field worker overcome by hydrogen sulfide. 823 84

The serotonin syndrome, induced by serotoninergic agents, includes confusion, agitation, myoclonus, diaphoresis, tremor and diarrhea. The authors prospectively evaluated all these symptoms in 38 depressed inpatients fullfilling DSM-III-R criteria for major depression. Sixteen (42%) of 38 patients presented at least one symptom of serotonin syndrome. In 14 cases tremor and myoclonus occurred simultaneously, and 10 patients presented at the same time tremor plus myoclonus, diaphoresis and shivering. Except for 2 patients, symptoms were transient, lasted less than 1 week and disappeared with the pursuit of treatment.
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PMID:Prospective evaluation of the serotonin syndrome in depressed inpatients treated with clomipramine. 829 81

We reported two cases of acute alcoholic myopathy associated with rhabdomyolysis. The first case was 62 year-old man, who had been drinking every day for 40 years. Following diarrhea, he had psychic symptoms, and was admitted to our hospital. He was in a state of delirium. Tremor in extremities, dysarthria and weakness of lower extremities were observed. Neither swelling nor grasping pain were seen in any muscles. Laboratory data showed severe hypokalemia and high levels of serum muscle enzymes and myoglobin. An increase of lactate and pyruvate was not seen in ischemic exercise test performed at the acute or the recovery phase. It was suggested that glycolysis in muscles was suppressed in this case. The second case was 43 year-old man, who had been drinking every day for 27 years. Rapidly progressive weakness of both lower extremities was seen, and he was admitted to our hospital. Grasping pain of both legs and proximal muscle weakness of extremities were observed. Laboratory date showed normokalemia and high levels of serum muscle enzymes and myoglobin. Muscle biopsy showed no abnormal findings in histology and electron microscopy. Although the pathogenesis of acute alcoholic myopathy is unknown, suppression of muscle glycolysis enzyme caused by ethanol may play an important role in the first case.
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PMID:[Two cases of acute alcoholic myopathy associated with rhabdomyolysis]. 829 65

Use of addicting drugs among women during pregnancy exposes newborns to potentially serious disorders. A group of symptoms referred to as neonatal withdrawal syndrome (NWS) may occur in infants born to mothers addicted to certain drugs because, at birth, the infants suddenly are cut off from the drug supply. Classes of drugs that cause NWS are those that produce addiction in adults, including the opioids (heroin, methadone, morphine), barbiturates, alcohol, and benzodiazepines. Many of the manifestations of NWS occur regardless of the class of drug, including irritability, hyperactivity, abnormal sleep pattern, high-pitched cry, tremor, vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, and failure to gain weight. The fact that these symptoms are nonspecific makes it difficult to identify NWS unless it is specifically looked for. The onset, duration, and severity of the disorder differ based on such factors as the addictive drug used, time and amount of mother's last dose, and rate of elimination of the drug from the newborn. Pharmacologic intervention may be required to control severe symptoms and signs. The most common drugs used to modify withdrawal are phenobarbital, paregoric, chlorpromazine, and diazepam. Treatment is complicated by conflicting information on the effectiveness of various agents.
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PMID:Neonatal withdrawal syndrome: associated drugs and pharmacologic management. 832 34


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