Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intermittent hyperthyreosis occurs under various forms of stress, especially heat stress. The clinician may diagnose such cases as masked or apathetic hyperthyroidism or "forme fruste" hyperthyreosis or thyroid autonomy. As most routine and standard tests may here yield inconsistent results, it is the patients' anamnesis which may provide the clue. Our Bioclimatology Unit has now seen over 100 cases in which thyroid hypersensitivity towards heat was the most prominent syndrome: 10-15% of weather-sensitive patients are affected. The patients complain before or during heat spells of such contradictory symptoms as insomnia, irritability, tension, tachycardia, palpitations, precordial pain, dyspnoe, flushes with sweating or chills, tremor, abdominal pain or diarrhea, polyuria or pollakisuria, weight loss in spite of ravenous appetite, fatigue, exhaustion, depression, adynamia, lack of concentration and confusion. Determination of urinary neurohormones allows a differential diagnosis, intermittent hyperthyreosis being characterized by three cardinal symptoms: 1. tachycardia -- every case with more than 80 pulse beats being suspect (not specific); 2. urinary histamine -- every case excreting more than 90 mug/day being suspect. Again the drawback of this test is its lack of specificity, as histamine may also be increased in cases of allergy and spondylitis; 3. urinary thyroxine -- every case excreting more than 20 mug/day T-4 being suspect. This is the only specific test. Therapy should make use of lithium carbonate and beta-blockers. Propyl thiouracil is rarely required.
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PMID:Intermittent hyperthyreosis -- a heat stress syndrome. 5 84

A good tumoricidal activity of vindesine (VDS) has been reported in a variety of animal tumors and in human leukemias and lymphomas. We treated 22 patients who had received no prior chemotherapy and were suffering from a variety of malignant neoplasms with 0.5 mg/m2 to 3.0 mg/m2 VDS i. v. once or three times at weekly intervals and recorded the clinical, hematologic, and especially, neurological side effects. Clinically we observed fatigue in nine patients, paresthesias in seven, myalgias in three, vertigo and diarrhea in two, and skin pains, tinnitus, gastric pains, alopecia, and tremor in one patient each. There was no obvious dose-action relationship. Paravenous injection caused cellulitis similar to that seen with vincristine. No side effects were apparent in liver (SGPT) and renal (creatinine) function tests. Hematologically there was a clear trend toward leukopenia with higher doses of DVA and a mean increase in the thrombocyte count by 51 X 10(3)/mm3 was found (sign test: P greater than 0.05). The hemoglobin level did not change. Clinical neurological examination and monitoring by electroneurography revealed no changes in tensiometer performance, motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity, motor or sensory nerve action potential amplitudes, or H-reflex responses. There was dose-related diminution of the proprioceptive reflexes, especially in the lower extremities. Even with as little as 2.0 mg/m2 VDS i. v. at weekly intervals for 3 weeks Achilles and patellar tendon reflexes were diminished or absent in all patients.
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PMID:Vindesine. A clinical trial with special reference to neurological side effects. 45 81

Accidental acute mercury vapor poisoning in three persons is reported. Three hours after exposure, symptomatology began by chills, vomiting, diarrhea and chest pain. Two patients, respectively 67 and 77 year old, presented severe pulmonary edema, then neurological symptoms with tremor and coma. This toxic pulmonary edema, which entailed artificial ventilation, was followed in both cases by an acute interstitial pulmonary fibrosis which led to death respectively after six and sixteen days. In the third case (a thirty eight year old patient) a skin rash, erythematous and pustuliform was observed. Analysis for total mercury by flameless atomic absorption showed very high mercury levels in blood and urine of the three patients. The effect of treatment by Dimercaptopropanol on renal excretion of mercury was studied. Optic and electron microscopy of the lung of the two patients who died showed the pulmonary changes of acute interstitial fibrosis.
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PMID:Accidental acute mercury vapor poisoning. 50 88

Rats were made dependent on morphine by implantation of a pellet and withdrawal was precipitated by the injection of naloxone 72 hours later. Withdrawal was assessed by scoring each of the following signs individually: chewing, licking, teeth chattering, facial tremor, grooming, writhing, diarrhea, weight loss, wet dog shakes, head shakes and hypothermia. The role of dopamine in withdrawal was determined by pretreating the animals with apomorphine or pimozide. Apomorphine in the lower dose range (0.625-1.25 mg/kg) produced a significant decrease in teeth chattering, writhing, weight loss and wet dog shakes. The high dose of apomorphine (2.5 mg/kg) significantly inhibited all features of the withdrawal except writhing and weight loss. Pimozide caused a significant increase in chewing, writhing and head shakes, but only with the highest dose used (0.5 mg/kg). Pimozide (0.5 mg/kg) significantly reduced withdrawal hypothermia, but apomorphine had no effect on this sign except at the highest dose when withdrawal hypothermia was increased.
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PMID:Dopaminergic mechanisms in precipitated withdrawal in morphine-dependent rats. 55 7

The participation of amygdaloid and striatal structures in the various signs of morphine withdrawal syndrome (MWS) has been investigated using two complementary approaches: intracerebral application of naloxone in various nuclei of dependent rats and effects of various lesions and transections on systemically induced MWS. In morphine dependent rats local application of naloxone (10 micrograms in 0.1 microliter solution) in the vicinity of either the central nucleus of the amygdala or the lateral anterior nucleus but not in adjacent amygdaloid or striatal nuclei elicited the jump sign. Diarrhea was more frequently elicited by application of naloxone in the striatum or centromedial amygdala than the basolateral parts of the complex. In contrast, there was no specific anatomical correlates to the remaining signs including wet shakes, paw tremor, teeth chattering and chewing. Bilateral electrolytic lesion of the central amygdala or combined transection of the stria terminalis and so-called ventral amygdalofugal pathway eliminated the jump without affecting the remaining signs. In contrast a large bilateral destruction of the entire striatrum did not significantly affect the various signs. Bilateral transection of the stria terminalis reduced only the occurrence of the wet shakes. Also, a transection of the medial forebrain bundle considerably reduced the 3 main signs, i.e. jump, wet shakes and diarrhea. These results suggest that, in analogy to the acute actions of morphine, MWS should not be considered as a unitary phenomenon but as an ensemble of signs which probably reflect the intense activation induced by naloxone in a number of brain sites consequent to the abrupt interruption of opioid actions in a dependent animal. The significance of these results is discussed with reference to previous anatomical, biochemical and behavioural studies performed on the amygdala.
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PMID:Morphine withdrawal syndrome: differential participation of structures located within the amygdaloid complex and striatum of the rat. 57 50

Administration of oxotremorine to mice produced centrally-mediated effects, such as catalepsy and tremor, and peripheral muscarinic actions, such as diarrhoea and lachrymation. Pretreatment with amantadine (25--200 mg/kg) prevented these oxotremorine-induced effects in mice. Catalepsy was most susceptible and tremor most resistant to the administration of amantadine. The possible mechanisms involved are discussed. Our results validate the use of the oxotremorine model in the search for novel antiparkinsonian drugs.
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PMID:Amantadine antagonism of oxotremorine effects. 57 56

After receiving reports of lead poisoning in two workers at a secondary lead smelter, we evaluated the health status of 38 current smelter workers and 87 of their household contacts by questionnaires, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. Fatigue, cough, and diarrhea were the most frequent symptoms in plant employees; each occurred in at least a third. The most frequent physical finding, hand tremor, occurred in 10 of 33 plant employees. Twelve employees had blood lead concentrations at or above 80 microgram/100 ml, and 17 others had blood lead concentrations at or above 60 microgram/100 ml. All physical signs possibly due to excess lead absorption were manifested by employees with blood lead levels of 60 microgram/100 ml or greater, with one exception. Household contacts of employees had few symptoms suggestive of excess lead absorption.
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PMID:Chronic occupational exposure to lead: an evaluation of the health of smelter workers. 59 90

Effect of 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylserine (DOPS), a norepinephrine precurosr, on harmaline tremor was investigated in mice to elucidate the role of norepinephrine in the genesis of tremor. 1) Spontaneous motor activity was inhibited by L-threo-DOPS (200 mg/kg i.p.). 2) Tremor induced by harmaline (5 and 7 mg/kg i.p.) was enhanced by alpha-methyl-p-tyrosone (200 mg/kg i.p.). 3) The development and duration of tremor induced by harmaline (10 mg/kg i.p.) were inhibited significantly in a dose dependent manner by L-threo-DOPS (50, 70, 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg i.p.), but neither by D-threo-DOPS (200 mg/kg i.p.) nor DL-erythro-DOPS (200 mg/kg i.p.). 4) L-threo-DOPS (200 mg/kg i.-.) had no effect on the development of tremor induced by tremorine (5 and 10 mg/kg i.p.), while lacrimation and diarrhea caused by tremorine was markedly inhibited. 5) Administration of harmaline (10 mg/kg i.p.) produced an increase in brain 5-hydroxytryptamine content but not in that of norepinephrine. Administration of L-threo-DOPS (100 mg/kg i.p.) increased the norepinephrine content but not the 5-hydroxytryptamine content in the brain. Inhibition of harmaline tremor induced by L-threo-DOPS is attributed to the L-norepinephrine converted from L-threo-DOPS and the involvement of a noradrenergic mechanism in harmaline tremor has to be considered.
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PMID:[Inhibition of harmaline induced tremor by L-threo-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylserine, an L-norepinephrine precursor]. 98 92

The investigational use of prostaglandins to establish a safe, alternative method for the termination of pregnancy has shown significant development in the United States. The introduction of second generation compounds was initiated by chemically attaching a methyl group in the 15 carbon position of prostaglandins E2 and F2alpha. These compounds prevented enzymatic degradation by the enzyme prostaglandin 15 dehydrogenase. (15S)-15 methyl prostaglandin E2 methyl ester administered by intramuscular injection has been used successfully to therapeutically terminate pregnancy in 208 women of gestational age six through 20 weeks. Side effects, not major and considered acceptable by the investigator, were vomiting, diarrhea and temperature elevations associated with shaking and chills. (15S)-15 methyl prostaglandin F2alpha (THAM), administered by intramuscular injection, has been used to terminate pregnancy in 283 women. Efficacy rates under optimal dosage regimens have reached 100% with a complete abortion rate of 96%. Gastrointestinal side effects of vomiting and diarrhea occurred, but temperature elevations with associated shaking and chills were infrequent. The mean time from initial therapy to abortion with both compounds has remained under 16 hours. A route of drug therapy for therapeutic termination of human pregnancy has been explored and developed which avoids invasion of the uterus.
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PMID:The termination of human pregnancy with prostaglandin analogs. 121 55

The utility and side effects of sustained-release lithium carbonate (Priadel) in a once-per-day dose regimen was investigated with 66 male delinquents, ages 17-24 years, in a double-blind study comparing the antiaggressive effect of lithium carbonate with placebo. Serum lithium levels and symptoms were determined weekly for up to eight drug-free and 12 on-medication weeks. Average daily doses of 1500-1700 mg Priadel gave 24-hour serum lithium levels in the range 0.7-0.9 mEq/liter. Principal side effects were polyuria and shakiness, with other important side effects bring hand tremor, dryness of mouth, nausea, and weakness. No lithium toxicity was observed, and diarrhea was reported infrequently. Placebo response data are presented.
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PMID:Sustained-release lithium carbonate in double-blind study: serum lithium levels, side effects, and placebo response. 126 38


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