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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Physiological and pharmacological studies of more than 150 patients with movement disorders are reported. Particular attention is paid to the differentiation of various types of tremor on the basis of rate, rhythm, and pattern of EMG activity in antagonistic muscles. The typical 'tremor-at-rest' of Parkinson's disease--3-7 Hz activity which alternates between antagonistic muscles--is suppressed, at least briefly, during voluntary activity, at which time typical 8--12 Hz 'physiological tremor' may be seen. Essential tremor and its familial or senile variants also have a characteristic EMG pattern during voluntary activity--5-8 Hz bursts of activity which are synchronous in antagonistic muscles. This type of tremor may also be present in patients with Parkinson's disease and in certain kinships with a Charcot-Marie-Tooth polyneuropathy. Other tremors in association with polyneuropathy ('neuropathic tremor') have different physiological characteristics. Myoclonus is of essentially two types ('positive' with EMG bursts and 'negative' with brief pauses in ongoing activity, as with asterixis) and may, at times, mimic tremor. Certain specific tremors respond predictably to specific pharmacological therapy.
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PMID:Physiological and pharmacological aids in the differential diagnosis of tremor. 0 92

The effects of 120 mg propranolol and 15 mg pindolol daily on positional tremor of 24 patients with benign essential tremor were analyzed with a double-blind crossover trial and electrical tremor recording. Compared with the placebo effect, tremor amplitude was smaller under propranolol and larger under pindolol, whereas the frequency did not change.
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PMID:Comparison between the effects of pindolol and propranolol on essential tremor. 55 48

Coretal -- an agent blocking the beta-adrenergic receptors -- was given to 12 patients with Parkinson's syndrome with evident tremor and to 4 patients with benign essential tremor. In the group of Parkinson's syndrome the effectiveness of this treatment was evaluated by the blind method. The whole period of observation was 6 weeks, during 3 weeks the patients received Coretal 60-120 mg daily, during the next 3 weeks they were given placebo. The intensity of tremor was assessed by means of a scoring system. Improvement was achieved in 7 patients with Parkinson's syndrome and in 3 out of 4 cases of idiopathic tremor. Complete disappearance of tremor was never observed. Transient side effects were observed in 2 causes. The authors think that Coretal may be used with good result in treatment of parkinsonian tremor and benign essential tremor.
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PMID:[Effect of Coretal Polfa (Oxprenolol) on parkinsonian tremor and benign essential tremor]. 76 93

A study of 7 cases of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease associated with a dyskinesia resembling benign essential tremor is presented. In 4 patients, the family history strongly suggested an autosomal mode of transmission, 2 cases were sporadic without an established genetic pattern and 1 was probably recessive. The distal parts of the upper and lower limbs showed imparied muscle strength with slight or no atrophy in 4 patients and conspicuous weakness and wasting in another 2. One patient was a chairbound. Although essential tremor and the tremor seen in these patients are clinically (phenotypically) similar it seems possible that they result from two different genotypes. Further, it seems that cases with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and "essential tremor" are not the result of the association of two separate dominant characteristics which are generally inherited as mendelian dominant traits. In spite of the diversity of the clinical manifestations of the peripheral neuropathy, the semiologically different types of essential tremor and the electrophysiological data, it is concluded that patients who develop a peripheral neuropathy on a familial basis and who exhibit clinical features of similar character, suffer from a common type of pathological disorder. Stress is laid upon the fact that Friedreich's ataxia and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease share many clinical features. It is suggested that when Friedreich's ataxia and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease seem to be present in the same individual and/or alternate in different members of the same family, the process is likely to be one of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. The value of the type of inheritance, natural history, clinical examination and electrophysiological data in differentiating Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (with or without essential tremor) from other degenerative disorders is analyzed.
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PMID:Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease associated with "essential tremor": Report of 7 cases and a review of the literature. 93 72

Essential tremor (ET), more common than Parkinson's disease (PD), has commonly been considered "benign." This investigation compared diagnostic characteristics, patient satisfaction with treatment, and psychosocial complications between a group of male patients treated for essential tremor and a group of male parkinsonian patients. Those who had ET tended to be more commonly misdiagnosed than those with PD. Fewer ET patients were satisfied with response to treatment than PD patients. Both groups equally expressed embarrassment about their condition, and both perceived similar difficulties with common activities of daily living and social situations. There were no significant differences between ET and PD patients for history of ethanol use or pharmacotherapy for anxiety or depression.
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PMID:Severe essential tremor compared with Parkinson's disease in male veterans: diagnostic characteristics, treatment, and psychosocial complications. 150 24

The clinical and physiological features of six new patients with primary orthostatic tremor are described. We suggest that use of the term primary orthostatic tremor be confined to the clinical syndrome in which unsteadiness when standing is the predominant complaint and accompanied by characteristic electrophysiological findings of a rapid (frequency around 16 Hz), regular leg tremor which is not influenced by peripheral feedback, is synchronous between homologous leg muscles, and in certain postures of the upper limbs, between muscles of the arm and leg. The fast frequency of muscle activity in primary orthostatic tremor of the legs causes unsteadiness when standing (presumably due to partially fused muscle contraction) but only a fine ripple of muscle activity is visible. In contrast, the slower frequency of other leg tremors, for example essential tremor, results in obvious leg movement which is evident in many leg postures, is variable over time and can be reset by a peripheral nerve stimulus. Essential tremor and orthostatic tremor do not respond to the same therapies, suggesting differences in the pharmacological profiles of the two conditions. Accordingly, there are clinical, physiological and pharmacological differences between primary orthostatic and essential tremor. Whether these factors are sufficient to regard these tremors as separate conditions is discussed.
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PMID:Primary orthostatic tremor: further observations in six cases. 159 87

Essential tremor (ET) is the most common pathologic tremor, but only eight cases have been studied pathologically. We report detailed clinical and neuropathologic studies of six additional patients. We did not find any neuropathologic lesions that might be specific for ET. Moreover, there were no abnormalities of the substantia nigra consistent with Parkinson's disease. The neuropathologic substrate of ET remains unknown.
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PMID:Clinicopathologic observations in essential tremor: report of six cases. 189 Oct 91

We reported the case of a 74-year-old woman suffering from essential tremor for 20 years which was treated effectively with purified bovine brain gangliosides containing GM1, GD1a, GD1b and GT1b gangliosides. The trials of the treatment were conducted twice, 40 mg and 20 mg gangliosides per day respectively administered intramuscularly. Essential tremor dramatically improved with gangliosides on the second day of treatment, suggesting that the effect of gangliosides was not induced by neuronal sprouting or regeneration. It is speculated that a certain type of essential tremor is a reversible disease of membrane disorder.
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PMID:The effect of bovine brain gangliosides on essential tremor. 191 60

Tremor disorders are commonly encountered in the elderly. Physiological tremor is present in all of us and may be enhanced by drugs or other circumstances to cause symptomatic dysfunction. Essential tremor consists of postural and kinetic tremors which may involve the hands, head, and voice. Approximately 50% of cases are hereditary. Significant disability may occur. Propranolol and primidone provide effective treatment for some patients. The tremor of Parkinson's disease occurs in resting and postural positions. Treatment with levodopa usually reduces the tremor. Anticholinergics may also decrease tremor but often cause mental side effects in the elderly. Disturbances of the cerebellum may cause a kinetic tremor of the extremities or shakiness of the trunk. Tremors may also occur on a psychogenic basis. Proper classification of tremor disorder will lead to appropriate diagnosis and, often, effective treatment.
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PMID:Tremor disorders of aging: diagnosis and management. 265 Dec 14

We report a clinical survey of 82 patients with benign essential tremor (ET). Sixty five patients had a positive family history. Onset age showed two peaks before 20 years and in the sixth decade. Segregation analysis confirmed an autosomal dominant inheritance. Head tremor occurred mainly in aged women, mental symptoms occurred mainly in subjects with a low onset age and a disabling tremor. An early onset age was not related to paternal or maternal transmission. In one family ET was associated with retinitis pigmentosa and ichthyosis.
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PMID:Benign essential tremor. A clinical survey of 82 patients from Campania, a region of southern Italy. 280 Dec 57


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