Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Since behavioural symptoms (tremor, irritability, pilo-erection and shaking) induced by imidazole (IMID) in rats suggested an underlying modification of arousal and/or emotionality, further studies were performed in order to extend the range of behavioural influences of IMID. In the open-field test, IMID (37.5-300 mg/kg IP) inhibited crossing and rearing in a dose-dependent fashion, this effect being long lasting (about 3 h at 75 mg/kg). Yohimbine (YOH) (1, 5 and 10 mg/kg IP), described as anxiogenic and fear-inducing in animals and in man, when investigated in this same test, inhibited the activity of rats similarly to IMID. Since diazepam (0.5 and 1 mg/kg) but not clonidine (0.075 and 0.150 mg/kg IP) pretreatment reversed IMID- and YOH-induced hypomotility, the hypothesis that IMID effects in the open field might reflect an anxiety-like state was investigated by means of social interaction and x-maze, two tests considered highly specific for anxiety studies. The data obtained show that IMID depresses social interactions only at doses inhibiting motor activity; YOH, in our experimental conditions, produced a similar effect. In an elevated x-maze, with alternate open and closed arms, IMID (37.5 and 75 mg/kg) decreased the proportion of open-arm entries and the time spent in them, an effect prevented by diazepam pretreatment (1 mg/kg IP). Finally, mean arterial pressure (MAP) was assessed in anesthetized rats treated with IMID and YOH at doses equivalent as regards behavioural effects. MAP was increased by IMID whether IP or IV and decreased by YOH; moreover, YOH, as expected, antagonized clonidine-induced hypotension, while IMID was ineffective.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Does anxiety underly imidazole-induced behavioural effects in the rat? 259 1

A study of the effect of montirelin hydrate (NS-3), a new drug for the treatment of disturbance of consciousness, during the period of organogenesis was conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats. Female rats were given the drug intravenously at dose levels of 0 (control), 0.02, 1 and 50 mg/kg from day 7 to day 17 of pregnancy. Twenty-three or twenty-five female rats per dose level were sacrificed on day 20 of pregnancy for examination of their fetuses, and the pregnant rats (13-15 per dose levels) were allowed to deliver naturally for postnatal examination of their offspring. In the 1 or 50 mg/kg group, water consumption and the weights of adrenals of the dams increased and the weights of the thymus of the dams decreased. In addition, tremor, disappeared within some minutes, was observed from day 7 to day 16 of pregnancy in all dams given 50 mg/kg. Moreover, food consumption increased and the weights of the submaxillary glands of the dams given 50 mg/kg increased. The drug had no effect on the number of corpora lutea and implantations, on fetal mortality, on fetal body weights, on sex ratio, or on external, visceral and skeletal development of the fetuses. The drug also did not affect delivery. The drug did not have any adverse effects on the newborn such as the number of live newborns, birth index and body weights of live newborn, or on the postnatal development of the first generation offspring (F1) such as differentiation, functional development, emotionality, motor ability, learning ability or reproductive performance. The drug also had no adverse effects of the second generation offspring (F2). These results show that the NOAEL of montirelin hydrate are 0.02 mg/kg for general toxicity in mother animals, 50 mg/kg for pregnancy and delivery of mother animals and 50 mg/kg for development of their offspring.
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PMID:[Reproductive and developmental toxicity studies of montirelin hydrate (2)--Teratogenicity and postnatal study in rats by intravenous administration]. 901 62

A study of the effect of montirelin hydrate (NS-3), a new drug for the treatment of disturbance of consciousness, during the perinatal and lactation periods was conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats. Female rats were given the drug intravenously at dose levels of 0 (control), 0.02, 1 and 50 mg/kg from day 17 of pregnancy to day 21 after delivery. All pregnant rats were allowed to deliver naturally for postnatal examination of their offspring. In the 1 and 50 mg/kg groups, food and water consumptions decreased after delivery and the weights of adrenals of the dams increased. In addition, tremor, disappeared within some minutes, was observed during administration period in all dams given 50 mg/kg. Moreover, body weight gain was suppressed after delivery, and the weights of submaxillary glands increased, and the weights of thymus and liver decreased in the dams given 50 mg/kg. The drug did not affect delivery. The drug did not have any adverse effects on the newborn including the number of live newborns, birth index and body weights of live newborn. In the 1 or 50 mg/kg group, body weight gains were suppressed and food consumption decreased in the offspring. The drug did not have any adverse effects on the postnatal development of the offspring such as differentiation, functional development, emotionality, motor ability, learning ability or reproductive performance. These results show that the NOAEL of montirelin hydrate are 0.02 mg/kg for general toxicity in mother animals, 50 mg/kg for reproductive function in mother animals and 0.02 mg/kg for their offspring.
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PMID:[Reproductive and developmental toxicity studies of montirelin hydrate (4)--Perinatal and postnatal study in rats by intravenous administration]. 901 64

Teratogenicity study of taltirelin hydrate, a thyrotropin releasing hormone analogue, was carried out in Wistar rats. Female rats were orally given taltirelin hydrate at a dose of 0 (control), 0.15, 1.5, or 15 mg/kg from day 7 to day 17 of gestation. Twenty-seven female rats in each group were sacrificed on day 21 of gestation and their fetuses were examined. The remaining 13 female rats in each group were allowed to deliver spontaneously and their newborns were examined. In the 15 mg/kg group, the dams (P) showed wet dog shaking behavior and hyperlocomotion. No adverse effect of taltirelin hydrate on the body weight gain, food consumption, water intake, and reproductive performance was observed in this group. In the 0.15 and 1.5 mg/kg groups, taltirelin hydrate did not show any adverse effects. In F1 generation groups, taltirelin hydrate had no teratogenic, lethal, or growth retardation effects in any groups. There were also no adverse effects of taltirelin hydrate on postnatal development, emotionality, coordinated activity, sensitivity, learning ability, and reproductive performance of F1 offspring, and development of F2 fetuses. These results show that the no-toxic dose levels of taltirelin hydrate are 1.5 mg/kg for general toxicity in dams, and 15 mg/kg for reproductive function of dams (P) and for development of F1 generation.
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PMID:[Reproductive and developmental toxicity studies of taltirelin hydrate (2) teratogenicity study in rats by oral administration]. 943 96

Perinatal and postnatal study of taltirelin hydrate, a thyrotropin releasing hormone analogue, was carried out in Sprague-Dawley rats. Female rats were given taltirelin hydrate at a dose of 0 (control), 0.15, 1.5, or 15 mg/kg from day 17 of gestation to day 20 after delivery. All pregnant rats were allowed to deliver spontaneously and their offspring were examined. In the 15 mg/kg group, the dams showed the central nervous effects such as wet dog shaking during gestation periods. No adverse effect of taltirelin hydrate on the body weight gain, food consumption and reproductive performance was observed in this group. In the 0.15 and 1.5 mg/kg groups, the drug did not have any adverse effects. Taltirelin hydrate did not have any adverse effects on viability, growth, physical differentiation, functional and behavioral development (coordinated activity, auditory function, emotionality, learning ability, and spontaneous motor activity), and reproductive performance of F1 offspring, and development of F2 fetuses. These results show that the no-toxic dose levels of taltirelin hydrate are 1.5 mg/kg for general toxicity in dams, and 15 mg/kg for reproductive function of dams and for their offspring.
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PMID:[Reproductive and developmental toxicity studies of taltirelin hydrate (4) perinatal and postnatal study in rats by oral administration]. 943 98

We present an individual, "JD", a 69-year-old Caucasian, married female with symptoms that included progressive right arm stiffness, tremor, and clumsiness; increasing gait and balance disturbance; increased fatigue and emotionality. Neuropsychological evaluation revealed compromised semantics and language-associated functions; impaired visual constructional ability; markedly reduced cognitive and visuomotor processing speed; low average to average working memory; variable praxis performance; variable abstract reasoning, problem solving, and set shifting; and lower overall intellectual functioning compared to premorbid estimates. Overall, her neuropsychological profile indicated marked compromise of the frontal and left parietal regions. The data coupled with her symptom pattern and demographics partially fit corticobasal degeneration diagnostic criteria. Neuroimaging, however, performed 2 years prior to the assessment and again during the current workup revealed an enlarging arachnoid cyst compressing the left parietal and posterior frontal lobe and a small portion of the right medial frontal-parietal region. We discuss the neuroanatomical substrates involved in her cognitive presentation and how two very distinct pathological processes (corticobasal degeneration, arachnoid cyst) can result in two similar symptom presentations. We summarize how multidisciplinary assessment assists with differential diagnosis and treatment planning.
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PMID:A case of an arachnoid cyst masquerading as corticobasal degeneration. 2306 95