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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seven sheep flocks with subclinical psoroptic otoacariasis were investigated. Psoroptes species mites were isolated from 3.1 per cent of the 2676 sheep examined and the prevalence in the flocks ranged between 1.3 and 23.9 per cent, with the highest infestations in pedigree flocks. Unilateral or bilateral infestations were found in sheep of all ages. Adult and shearling rams, with prevalences of 21.5 and 14.2 per cent, respectively, were the most affected and two lambs, two and eight days old, were the youngest to be infested. There was no evidence of vertical transmission. The infestation affected several breeds of sheep. No other known hosts for Psoroptes species present on the premises were shown to be infested. Non-parasitic for-age mites were also isolated from the ear canals of the sheep and may have contributed to the clinical signs which, in adult sheep, ranged from aural haematomas/fibrosis (cauliflower ears), and violent head shaking and ear rubbing leading to excoriation and wounding of the ear and base of the ear. The signs in lambs included plaques of scab (often bloody) on the external ear cleft, excoriation of the base of the ear, ear scratching with the hind feet and inflammation of the external aspects of the horizontal canal. In all cases the internal pinnae were clear of typical psoroptic scabs. Psoroptes mites were isolated from 28.6 per cent of the damaged ears and from 7.8 per cent of the undamaged ears. There was no evidence of classical sheep scab in any of the flocks. Plunge dipping in diazinon, propetamphos or flumethrin, or the use of synthetic pyrethroid pour-on preparations and an oral drench of ivermectin had little effect because ear mite infestations were detected in the flocks after these treatments. An injection of ivermectin at 200 micrograms/kg bodyweight effectively eradicated the infestations when it was administered to these infested flocks.
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PMID:Epidemiology of subclinical ovine psoroptic otoacariasis in Great Britain. 873 92

Since there is a lack of information about the normal appearance or pathological findings of the equine external ear canal (EEEC) and tympanic membrane (TM), we aimed to find a practical way to perform the otoscopic examination in standing, sedated horses. Therefore, we worked with common veterinary video endoscopes, which are normally used for gastroscopy or bronchoscopy. Both ears each of 38 randomly selected, chemically restrained horses were otoscopically examined. 33 of those horses had no history or signs of potentially ear-associated diseases. However, two horses with vestibular disease and three horses with head shaking were included in the otoscopic examinations. We created references of the normal appearance of the EEEC and TM on the basis of the characteristic anatomical landmarks, degree of debris, amount of keratin scales, shape of the intersection between the cartilaginous (CEEC) and osseous (OEEC) portion of the external ear canal, shape of the OEEC, formation of the keratin layer and its integrity, epithelium colour of the OEEC, and complexion of the TM. With this information, we were able to visualise tympanosclerosis in two equine eardrums, as well as low-grade to severe external otitis in three horses. Severe bilateral external otitis combined with temporohyoid osteoarthropathy (THO) was found in one of those horses. A foreign body was found in one OEEC. This study shows that otoscopic examination is a basic, easy to perform and beneficial diagnostic procedure for a complete work-up of ear-related diseases, such as THO, facial nerve paralysis, vestibular disease, head-shaking or head trauma. Plus, regarding animal welfare, well being of horses is highly influenced by noise exposure. Therefore research on equine audiological aspects needs to be promoted. The standardized otoscopic examination provides an important basis for further research on aural diseases.
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PMID:Endoscopic findings of the external ear canal in a group of clinically normal horses and horses with head shaking or vestibular disease. 2469 53