Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The stages of continuous vertigo of peripheral origin were classified into nine categories according to the findings of spontaneous nystagmus (SPN) and head-shaking nystagmus (HSN). The patients analysed were 18 with vestibular neuronitis, 6 with sudden deafness and 6 with unilateral inner ear disorders. 1) Irritative SPN (Stage I) was rarely encountered. 2) SPN of the paralytic type (Stage II) was usually observed in the period less than one month after the onset of diseases. 3) HSN directed toward the intact side with or without a reversal phase (Stages III-2 and III-1, respectively) were the common types of central compensation. 4) The progress of recovery to complete cure (Stage V) was usually rapid once it had actually begun. 5) During the process of recovery, HSN could disappear transitorily (Stage III-3), or be directed toward the affected side without a reversal phase (Stage III-5). Spontaneous recovery nystagmus (Stage IV) could also occur. 6) About 40% of patients recovered to Stage V within about 4 months after the onset of vertigo, but about 30% of patients remained in Stage III-1 or III-2 even after 4 months.
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PMID:Stage-assessment of the progress of continuous vertigo of peripheral origin by means of spontaneous and head-shaking nystagmus findings. 761 Aug 63

We evaluated vestibular function, especially for positional, head shaking and caloric nystagmus, in 43 patients with vestibular neuronitis, for long periods from the onset. The results suggested that in these cases of vestibular neuronitis, which were studied for more than 10 years after onset of the disease, the disease may still be in the uncompensated stage or may have worsened in the partially compensated stage.
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PMID:Vestibular compensation in vestibular neuronitis. Long-term follow-up evaluation. 837 99

In a series of studies, the phenomenon of head-shaking nystagmus (HSN) was assessed in 50 control subjects and 1364 consecutive dizzy patients who underwent formal electronystagmography (ENG) at the Toronto Hospital Center for Advanced Hearing and Balance Testing. HSN was compared in a series of 30 patients who underwent conventional electro-oculography (EOG) vs magnetic (scleral) coil eye movement recordings. Clinical correlation of HSN to other parameters of the ENG test battery was performed in another sub-series of 300 patients with known diagnoses. HSN was identified in 31.7% of dizzy patients vs 24% of control subjects. No significant difference in its manifestation was noted between active vs passive head-shaking tests or on EOG vs magnetic (scleral) coil eye movement recordings. When compared to other aspects of the ENG test battery, HSN was neither specific nor sensitive for vestibular dysfunction. It nevertheless correlated well with the presence of a caloric reduction and with increasing R/L excitability differences on ENG testing. When present, HSN was characteristically monophasic in 76.8%, biphasic in 22.7% and triphasic in 0.5% of subjects. The initial direction of HSN generally obeyed Ewald's second law, but the reverse was noted in 27% with monophasic and 17.6% of patients with biphasic HSN. In the subseries of 300 patients with known diagnoses, the presence of HSN was statistically significant (p < 0.05) in patients with peripheral vestibular dysfunction vs psychogenic dizziness. Its presence was also significant in well-documented peripheral vestibular disorders such as Meniere's disease (p < 0.01), vestibular neuronitis (p < 0.05) and acoustic neuroma (p < 0.05). Localization of the disease involvement based on the initial direction of HSN was especially unpredictable in patients with Meniere's disease. The significance and usefulness of the head-shake test in the otoneurological evaluation of the dizzy patient is further commented on.
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PMID:Significance of head-shaking nystagmus in the evaluation of the dizzy patient. 1044 75

Vestibular compensation, or neuronal plasticity in the central vestibular system, is quite an important process in patients with acute unilateral peripheral vestibular disease, allowing them to lead a comfortable daily life when medical treatments fail to cure the peripheral vestibular function. Is the residual unilateral vestibular input from damaged vestibular endo-organs a positive or negative factor for the development of dynamic vestibular compensation in the central nervous system? To elucidate the true mechanism of vestibular compensation, we examined the ENG findings and dizziness handicap inventory questionnaire in patients with vestibular neuronitis (VN), sudden deafness with vertigo (SDV), Meniere's disease (MD) and acoustic tumor (AT) during remission of the vertigo attacks. We obtained neuro-otological findings from caloric tests and head shaking after nystagmus using ENG and information on motion-evoked dizziness in daily life using the questionnaire. There were no significant differences in the sex, age or canal paresis % (CP%) among the four groups. The results of the present study showed that dynamic vestibular compensation processes developed progressively in the order of patients with SDV, VN, MD and AT (Kruskal-Wallis : p < 0.05). This finding suggests that processes of dynamic vestibular compensation could be accelerated in patients with fixed vestibular lesions caused by SDV and VN more than in those with fluctuating vestibular functions caused by MD and AT. In patients with fixed vestibular lesions caused by SDV and VN, patients with lower CP% showed dynamic vestibular compensation (i.e. disappearance of head shaking after nystagmus (chi-square: p < 0.05) and motion-evoked dizziness (Mann-Whitney: p < 0.0005)) more rapidly than those with higher CP%. In patients with fluctuating vestibular functions caused by MD and AT, patients with lower CP% did not always develop dynamic vestibular compensation more smoothly than those with higher CP%.
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PMID:[Dynamic vestibular compensation in vestibular peripheral diseases]. 1806 76