Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nonfilling of the normal internal auditory canal on computed tomographic (CT) gas cisternography was observed in seven (11%) of 62 cases in a retrospective study of three series of gas cisternograms. The meatal surface of the fluid-filled canal was convex and pointed, simulating a small acoustic neuroma. A meniscus effect at the gas-cerebrospinal fluid interface was considered the probable cause of nonfilling of the canal with gas. Shaking the patient's head briskly after injection of gas into the spinal fluid will facilitate filling of the internal auditory canal with gas. Bone erosion in the canal or meatus suggests the presence of acoustic neuroma. In the absence of conclusive findings of neuroma, persistent nonfilling of the canal is an indication for repeat cisternography with an alternate contrast medium.
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PMID:False-positive CT gas cisternogram. 641 Jul 75

The most common indication for the use of radiation therapy in the treatment of benign central nervous system disease is for the treatment of benign brain tumors, such as meningioma, pituitary adenoma, acoustic neuroma, arteriovenous malformation, and craniopharyngioma. Other less common benign intracranial tumors treated with radiation include chordoma, pilocytic astrocytoma, pineocytoma, choroid-plexus papilloma, hemangioblastoma, and temporal bone chemodectomas. Benign conditions, such as histiocytosis X, trigeminal neuralgia, and epilepsy, are also amenable to radiation treatment. There have also been reports of radiosurgery being used for the treatment of movement disorders and psychiatric disturbances, such as obsessive-compulsive and anxiety disorders. For benign brain tumors, radiation therapy as either primary or adjuvant therapy plays an integral role in improving local control. In the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, epilepsy, tremor, and some psychiatric disturbances, radiosurgery may help ameliorate or eliminate some symptoms. Patients with benign central nervous system disease are expected to live a long time. As such, treatment should be highly conformal and based on three-dimensional planning using magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, or both. It is critical that damage to normal brain be minimized.
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PMID:Radiation therapy for benign central nervous system disease. 1009 4

In a series of studies, the phenomenon of head-shaking nystagmus (HSN) was assessed in 50 control subjects and 1364 consecutive dizzy patients who underwent formal electronystagmography (ENG) at the Toronto Hospital Center for Advanced Hearing and Balance Testing. HSN was compared in a series of 30 patients who underwent conventional electro-oculography (EOG) vs magnetic (scleral) coil eye movement recordings. Clinical correlation of HSN to other parameters of the ENG test battery was performed in another sub-series of 300 patients with known diagnoses. HSN was identified in 31.7% of dizzy patients vs 24% of control subjects. No significant difference in its manifestation was noted between active vs passive head-shaking tests or on EOG vs magnetic (scleral) coil eye movement recordings. When compared to other aspects of the ENG test battery, HSN was neither specific nor sensitive for vestibular dysfunction. It nevertheless correlated well with the presence of a caloric reduction and with increasing R/L excitability differences on ENG testing. When present, HSN was characteristically monophasic in 76.8%, biphasic in 22.7% and triphasic in 0.5% of subjects. The initial direction of HSN generally obeyed Ewald's second law, but the reverse was noted in 27% with monophasic and 17.6% of patients with biphasic HSN. In the subseries of 300 patients with known diagnoses, the presence of HSN was statistically significant (p < 0.05) in patients with peripheral vestibular dysfunction vs psychogenic dizziness. Its presence was also significant in well-documented peripheral vestibular disorders such as Meniere's disease (p < 0.01), vestibular neuronitis (p < 0.05) and acoustic neuroma (p < 0.05). Localization of the disease involvement based on the initial direction of HSN was especially unpredictable in patients with Meniere's disease. The significance and usefulness of the head-shake test in the otoneurological evaluation of the dizzy patient is further commented on.
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PMID:Significance of head-shaking nystagmus in the evaluation of the dizzy patient. 1044 75

On subjects with unilateral vestibular dysfunction, the application of a vibratory stimulation (100 Hz) to the two mastoids and the vertex, and to the right and left dorsal neck muscles produces a nystagmus directed towards the good ear in 85% of patients. Fixation must be suppressed by Frenzel's glasses or video nystagmoscopy. To be significant this nystagmus must appear in at least 3 of the 5 vibratory stimulated sites. On healthy subjects nystagmus is present in 6% of cases but never in those below 30 years. In subjects affected by central vertigo, nystagmus was elicited in 10% of cases and in subjects suffering from vertigo of unknown origin in 6% of cases. Vibration nystagmus which stops immediately after stimulation differs from head shaking nystagmus which is present in only 34% of unilateral vestibular dysfunctions. Vibration occasionally produces a pseudo-caloric nystagmus which persists after stimulation. We believe that vibratory stimulation is a useful test, quick and easy to perform. In conjunction with questionnaires, clinical examination, positional testing and the results of audiometry, it gives an immediate indication of a peripheral lesion when the vertigo is seen for the first time. With unilateral deafness, a positive test leads one to suspect an acoustic neuroma. Conversely if the test becomes negative after a vestibular neuritis when it was initially positive, it is a sign of recovery.
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PMID:Diagnostic value of vibration-induced nystagmus obtained by combined vibratory stimulation applied to the neck muscles and skull of 300 vertiginous patients. 1171 67