Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

45 patients in premature labor entered the study, four dropped out for administrative reasons. The remaining 41 patients started all with an intravenous treatment followed by oral treatment with sustained-release ritodrine at a daily dosage of 120 mg per day until the 36th week of gestation. The mean gestational age at entry was 31.26 weeks +/- 3.27 and at delivery 37.76 weeks +/- 2.11 or a mean gain in days of 44.61 days +/- 20.85. A cluster analysis splitting the patients into four groups regarding the gestational age at entry and the Baumgarten tocolytic index showed that even the high-risk patients benefit remarkably by the treatment. The side effect rate was low as well for palpitation as for tremor. The patient compliance was excellent. No neonatal deaths or stillborns occurred during this study.
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PMID:Efficacy, safety and tolerance of oral sustained-release ritodrine given after intravenous administration in the treatment of premature labor. 231 10

Salbutamol (albuterol) is a beta 2-selective adrenoceptor agonist which accounts for its pronounced bronchodilatory, cardiac, uterine and metabolic effects. During the intervening years since salbutamol was first reviewed in the Journal (1971), it has become extensively used in the treatment of reversible obstructive airways disease. Numerous studies in this disease (including severe acute, childhood and exercise-induced asthma) have confirmed the bronchodilatory efficacy of salbutamol, and it has been shown to be at least as effective as most of the currently available bronchodilators, if not more effective. The onset of maximum effect of salbutamol is dependent on the formulation used and the route by which it is administered. In most patients inhaled salbutamol is a first-line therapy, since it offers rapid bronchodilation, usually relieving bronchospasm within minutes. Although oral salbutamol has often proved to be less efficacious than the inhaled formulation, it still affords clinically significant bronchodilation, and it is particularly useful in those patients unable to coordinate the use of inhalers. Parenteral formulations of salbutamol are generally reserved for the treatment of severe attacks of bronchospasm and they are one of the treatments of choice in these life-threatening situations. Studies of the concomitant use of salbutamol and other agents such as anticholinergics, methylxanthines and beclomethasone dipropionate have usually shown a complementary response in the majority of patients, as might be expected from the different mechanisms of action of these groups of drugs. Salbutamol is generally well tolerated and any side effects observed are a predictable extension of its pharmacology. Since the frequency of side effects is dose related, and therefore dependent on the route of administration, it is not surprising that they are much more common following intravenous and oral rather than inhalation therapy. Tremor, tachycardia and hypokalaemia are the most frequently reported adverse effects. After nearly 20 years of use, salbutamol is well established as a 'first-choice' treatment in reversible obstructive airways disease. Indeed, throughout this time many new bronchodilatory agents have been studied but none have proved more effective. Clinical evaluation of salbutamol in the treatment of premature labour, hyperkalaemia and cardiac failure awaits further studies, although to date some encouraging results have been reported.
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PMID:Salbutamol in the 1980s. A reappraisal of its clinical efficacy. 267 May 12

Clenbuterol is a betamimetic agent with a marked effect on the adrenergic beta-2-receptors relevant for tocolysis. The influence on beta-1-receptors of the heart, resulting in cardiovascular side effects is far less. The substance is resorbed almost completely enterally and has a half-life of 34 hours. Consequently, ingestion intervals of 12 hours are possible, resulting in a good acceptance of the tocolytic, therapy and a noticeable improvement of the patients compliance. Clenbuterol was applied in 37 cases in the course of a clinical test. Initially, the dose was 0.04 mg b.i.d., after 24 hours 0.02 mg b.i.d. In cases of cervix-effective, premature labor, an objectively measureable tocolytic effect was achieved. Subjectively reported side effects, i.e. palpation, tachycardia and tremor, were noticeably weaker than under fenoterol therapy. There was no indication of clenbuterol-related cardiotoxicity regarding continuous measurement of heart-specific enzymes, i.e. CK-MB and serum myoglobin. No pathologic alterations were found in the EKGs. Therefore, regarding indications and contraindications for beta-adrenergic agents, clenbuterol appears to have good tocolytic properties, with the advantages of less cardiac side effects, better compliance and a better dose-effect-ratio compared with the common oral tocolysis with fenoterol.
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PMID:[Oral tocolytic therapy with clenbuterol--clinical facts]. 318

A new application form of fenoterol (Partusisten) as 15 mg suppositories from Boehringer Ingelheim was tested for its tocolytic effect, tolerance and the main side effects under usual clinical conditions in a prospective study in 50 pregnant patients with premature labour in 24-36th week of gestation. During one week's treatment 25 pregnant women received 3 to 4 15 mg fenoterol suppositories and 25 patients 6 to 8 5 mg fenoterol tablets. Beginning on the second day of treatment until the end of therapy in both groups a reduction of the uterine activity of at least 50 percent was achieved. The uterine relaxant effect was sufficient until 3 to 4 hours after the application of fenoterol tablets and 6 to 8 hours after the application of fenoterol suppositories. Side effects were mainly limited to cardiovascular complaints, restlessness and tremor, and we found no significant difference between tablets and suppositories. The maternal heart rate reached its highest level on the second day of treatment. Fenoterol suppositories can be recommended in all cases, where an oral tocolytic therapy is not possible e.g. in cases of vomiting or before operations. Here the application of fenoterol suppositories can replace in some cases the intravenous infusion of fenoterol.
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PMID:[Tocolysis with fenoterol suppositories--a comparison with oral administration of fenoterol tablets]. 321 35

The new 14 mg Partusisten Depot Perlonget from Boehringer Ingelheim was tested in a multi-centre study for its uterine relaxant effect and duration of action, tolerance and the main side-effects over a period of 72 hours under the usual clinical conditions in 64 female patients with premature labour in the 29-36th week of pregnancy. The uterine activity which had increased owing to the premature labour and which was clearly reduced with i.v. infusion of Partusisten was still inhibited on the following 3 days under treatment with Partusisten Depot Perlongets. There was no increase in the rate or intensity of labour at the end of the 8-hour interval between doses of the Perlongets. The uterine relaxant effect and tolerance were good in 69% to 84% of cases. Side-effects were limited to restlessness, tremor and cardiovascular complaints which subsided clearly in the course of treatment. The average heart rate of the patients which was elevated at the start of treatment tended to normal range during treatment with Partusisten Depot Perlongets. The foetal heart rate remained normal. Thus the effect of Partusisten Depot Perlongets with 14 mg lasted for 8 hours, they are highly effective and particularly well tolerated.
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PMID:[A new long-acting Partusisten preparation for oral tocolysis--results of a multicenter study]. 638 11