Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040586 (tracheobronchitis)
 449 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The macroscopic findings of 2385 autopsy protocolls of 70-102 year-old males and females were analysed for frequency and functional significance of diseases. 1. Severe coronary arteriosclerosis was found up to 60% of the cases, with increasing frequency in higher age groups. However decrease of acute myocardial necrosis was stated including the highest age group. 2. The mean values of heart weights decrease in the highest age groups. 3. While the frequency of arteriosclerosis in the cerebral arteries increases the frequency of ischemic lesions of the brain decreases. 4. Benign hyperplasia of the prostate is found in 85% of the cases. 5. 80% of the patients had severe substantial chronic pulmonary emphysema and acute tracheobronchitis. These pulmonary lesions are supposed to be the functionally most important disease in patients of old age.
Med Klin 1976 Dec 03
PMID:[Pathological-anatomical findings in 70-102 years old Caucasians (author's transl)]. 6 3

To compare the clinical and pathological effects of high and low nicotine cigarette smoke 12 young adult male beagles were separated into four equal groups and exposed to smoke from high (4.6 mg) or low (1.4 mg) nicotine cigarettes, administered in six or 12 cigarettes per day. Two control groups, sham-exposed and nontracheostomized, consisted of three dogs each. The dogs were exposed seven days per week for five months. Tracheobronchitis developed in smoke-exposed dogs; gross lesions were generally confined to the lungs and tracheobronchial lymph nodes. Histopathological changes were found in all smoke-exposed dogs, with slightly more severe or extensive lesions in the dogs exposed to 12 cigarettes per day. The incidence and severity of rhinitis, turbinate basal epithelial cell hyperplasia, and squamous metaplasia were increased among dogs in the high nicotine cigarette groups.
Arch Pathol Lab Med 1978 Dec
PMID:Clinical and pathological effects of cigarette smoke exposure in beagle dogs. 58 59

Oesophageal perforations associated with cervical fractures occur from a variety of injuries. Fractures of the cervical spine, blunt trauma and penetrating injuries such as gunshot wounds, knives and missiles, perforate the cervical oesophagus. This retrospective study consists of 24 patients with an oesophageal perforation and cervical fracture. Motor vehicle accidents were responsible for 54% of the oesophageal perforations. The other oesophageal injuries were related to anterior spine surgery, gunshot wounds and sports-related activities. The clinical features related to these injuries included the obvious signs of an oesophageal perforation as well as fever of unknown origin, leukocytosis and unexplained persistent tachycardia. A variety of techniques was used to establish the diagnosis. All the patients had treatment for the cervical fracture and 20 patients required surgical repair of the oesophagus. The most common oesophageal complications were stricture of the oesophagus (54%) and oesophageal diverticulum (10%). The other complications were atelectasis, pneumonia, tracheobronchitis, pulmonary embolism, cervical osteomyelitis, cervical abscess, mediastinitis, septicemia and cervical fistulae. These patients have a serious life-threatening illness that may be difficult to diagnose and treat.
Paraplegia 1992 Dec
PMID:Oesophageal trauma in patients with spinal cord injury. 128 44

To identify tracheobronchial abnormalities associated with assisted ventilation, 40 infants with respiratory distress syndrome randomized to receive either short-term (48 hours) conventional or high-frequency jet ventilation were studied. Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy (n = 13) was performed and/or clinical and radiographic assessments were used to evaluate for laryngeal, tracheal, and bronchial lesions. There was no bronchoscopic evidence of necrotizing tracheobronchitis after either high-frequency jet ventilation (n = 8) or conventional ventilation (n = 5). Laryngotracheomalacia and nodular vocal cords were the most common abnormalities noted, and they occurred with equal frequency in both groups. Study infants who were not bronchoscoped had no clinical or radiographic evidence of tracheal or mainstem bronchial obstruction. One patient did have microscopic evidence of necrotizing tracheobronchitis at autopsy, however. It is concluded that short-term treatment of respiratory distress syndrome with high-frequency jet ventilation may be performed without undue risk of tracheobronchial injury.
Pediatrics 1988 Dec
PMID:Bronchoscopic findings in infants treated with high-frequency jet ventilation versus conventional ventilation. 318 79

A 37-year-old female patient reported marked weight loss, prolonged alopecia, recurrent infections and watery diarrhoea. Examination revealed Salmonella infection, candidiasis and immunological signs of previous toxoplasmosis. Between 1978 and 1981, the patient had had close sexual relations to a patient with haemophilia A. Due to this fact, AIDS was suspected. Serological tests for HIV were not available at the time. The findings in DNA image cytometry (nuclear DNA inclusion bodies, polyploid lymphocyte nuclei and binuclear lymphocytes) suggested a viral infection of the lymphoid cells. Electron microscopy revealed in hepatocytes and cerebral cells intranuclear inclusion bodies whose size and contents were not compatible with an infection caused by cytomegalovirus, herpes virus or Epstein-Barr virus. In autopsy, infections of various organ systems such as pneumonia, tracheobronchitis, urocystitis, pyelonephritis, Candida oesophagitis and enteritis were found.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1986 Dec 19
PMID:[AIDS in a woman having had sexual relations with a patient with hemophilia A. Characteristic findings in DNA image cytometry]. 379 20

Cefmenoxime was evaluated in an open trial consisting of 41 patients. Forty infections in 36 patients could be evaluated. Thirteen patients had pyelonephritis due to Escherichia coli (two bacteremic), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or Streptococcus faecalis; all improved and 12 of 13 were clinically cured, but one relapse (S. faecalis) occurred at two weeks. Six patients with cystitis due to E. coli, Citrobacter freundii, Serratia marcescens, P. aeruginosa, or S. faecalis all improved, but relapse or reinfection, or both, occurred in five due to P. aeruginosa, S. faecalis, C. fruendii, or E. coli. Neurogenic bladder or other complications were present in five of 13 patients with pyelonephritis and five of six with cystitis. Ten patients with pneumonia and one with tracheobronchitis due to Hemophilus influenzae, S. pneumoniae, S. agalactiae, or Neisseria meningitidis all improved and seven had resolution without relapse, but P. aeruginosa emerged in two patients, one of whom died. Eight soft tissue infections due to Staphylococcus aureus, Peptococcus prevotti, Streptococcus species, or infections of mixed origin resolved in six. Sterility of blood cultures was obtained in one patient with endocarditis due to S. anginosus, but other therapy was substituted. Clinical resolution of the toxic shock syndrome and subsequent negative endocervical cultures for S. aureus occurred in one. Granulocytopenia of unverified cause in four (with less than 1,500 mm3) and two (with less than 2,000 mm3) was reversible. Headache during treatment occurred in six patients and a possible disulfiram-like effect in three. Elevations of serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase and alkaline phosphatase occurred in five, Coombs' positivity in two, and diarrhea in three. Clinical efficacy of cefmenoxime was significant. Possible side effects require further study.
Am J Med 1984 Dec 21
PMID:Cefmenoxime: clinical evaluation. 609 26

In recent years, pulmonary complications have become a major cause of death in burn victims. Familiarity with the spectrum of these complications leads to an earlier and more specific diagnosis based on chest radiographs. We reviewed the medical records and chest radiographs of 239 patients admitted to our burn unit over a one-year period. Pulmonary complications were categorized on the basis of their anatomic location in the respiratory tract and on whether they were the result of direct chemical injury from smoke inhalation, or were secondary to inhalation injury with or without cutaneous burns. Tracheobronchitis, chemical pulmonary edema, and adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) resulted from direct injury. Pneumonia, ARDS, pulmonary congestion, atelectasis and pulmonary emboli were the main complications secondary to the injury. Pulmonary complications developed in 76 patients (31.8%) and, of these, 57 died (75%). Patients involved in a closed space fire and those who had a burn involving 50% or more of their surface area seem to be at the greatest risk of developing pulmonary complications.
J Can Assoc Radiol 1983 Dec
PMID:Pulmonary complications in burn patients. 666 83

Epidemiologic characteristics of childhood tracheobronchitis occurring over a 104-month period in Chapel Hill, NC, were ascertained and compared to those of other pediatric lower respiratory illness (LRI) syndromes. Tracheobronchitis accounted for 40% of all LRI seen at the community's only pediatric practice. Tracheobronchitis incidence was highest during the first two years of life, through the ratio of tracheobronchitis incidence to total LRI incidence increased with age. A viral pathogen or Mycoplasma pneumoniae was isolated from 23% of tracheobronchitis cases; the agents most commonly isolated were parainfluenza viruses, influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, and M. pneumoniae. Influenza virus, particularly type B, was isolated more commonly in tracheobronchitis than in other LRI syndromes. Over all age groups, peak incidence of tracheobronchitis, like that of pneumonia and bronchiolitis, occurred during the winter months. In school-age children, however, tracheobronchitis incidence was more likely than that of other syndromes to be elevated in late winter or early spring, when several influenza B outbreaks occurred in Chapel Hill. Available evidence suggests that risk of chronic respiratory disease is related inversely to age at which acute respiratory infection first occurs, and that a component of wheezing may not be required to confer such risk. These considerations, coupled with the high incidence of tracheobronchitis early in life, warrant further description of this syndrome and assessment of its implications.
Am J Epidemiol 1981 Dec
PMID:The epidemiology of tracheobronchitis in pediatric practice. 679 94

A 3-mo-old female presented with growth retardation, vomiting, reflux esophagitis, recurrent aspiration pneumonias, and was found to have megaesophagus and microgastria. After the failure of conservative therapy a double-lumen jejunal (Hunt-Lawrence) pouch with distal Roux-en-Y anastomosis was anastomosed to the stomach to increase the gastric reservoir. One year later, there has been progressive weight gain, the megaesophagus and gastroesophageal reflux have lessened significantly, pneumonia has not recurred, and the tracheobronchitis and esophagitis have resolved. This suggests that the gastroesophageal reflux and megaesophagus were due to an inadequate reservoir with a secondary gastric overflow as the esophagus dilated to enlarge the reservoir capacity of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Utilization of a jejunal pouch increased the size of the gastric reservoir, allowed resolution of the secondary esophageal changes, and permitted normal growth to proceed.
J Pediatr Surg 1980 Dec
PMID:Management of congenital microgastria with a jejunal reservoir pouch. 746 90

Selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) involves the administration of non-absorbable antibiotics (+/- a systemic antibiotic) to prevent colonization and infection in intensive care unit patients. The regimen is targeted at nosocomial gram-negative bacilli, some gram-positive bacteria and yeast. Although all studies of SDD have demonstrated reduced rates of bacterial colonization and most yielded lower respiratory tract infection, it is unclear if the major impact of SDD is on pneumonia or tracheobronchitis. SDD regimens utilizing a broad spectrum, systemic antibiotic appear to be more effective, suggesting that this constitutes early treatment rather than prophylaxis. To date, there is conflicting evidence that SDD significantly reduces length of stay, mortality, or hospital costs. Currently, there are concerns that SDD may result in increased colonization and infection with gram-positive organisms and multi-drug resistant pathogens, particularly in medical ICU patients or when used for extended periods of time.
Semin Respir Infect 1993 Dec
PMID:Selective decontamination of the digestive tract: risks outweigh benefits for intensive care unit patients. 793 28


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