Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040586 (tracheobronchitis)
 449 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aminoglycoside antibiotic tobramycin was given intramuscularly to 15 patients with infected body fluids (empyema in five patients, peritonitis in five, peritonitis and empyema in one, tracheobronchitis in three, and infection of the pacemaker pocket in one). The infecting bacteria included Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia, Escherichia coli, Proteus species, and Staphylococcus aureus. The mean dose of tobramycin was 1.7 mg/kg given intramuscularly every 8 hr for nine to 10 days. Levels of tobramycin in specimens of serum and infected body fluid obtained simultaneously were measured at various intervals after a dose of the antibiotic. Comparison was made between levels of tobramycin and minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the infecting bacteria. Bacteriological and clinical failures were common if the level in body fluid did not exceed the MIC. In patients with levels of tobramycin in body fluid that were higher than the MIC, cures were frequent. Drainage of infected body fluids is a necessary part of successful therapy of these infections.
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PMID:Penetration of tobramycin into infected extravascular fluids and its therapeutic effectiveness. 86 91

The most important lower respiratory infection is pneumonia, the fourth leading cause of death. Most cases of bronchitis are of viral etiology and are not major problems. Empyema can present an important problem in management. Although the diagnosis of pneumonia is usually relatively straightforward, the specific etiologic diagnosis remains a major problem. Availability of empyema fluid or a positive blood culture result can be helpful in making the etiologic diagnosis, but these are unavailable in most patients. Screening of sputum Gram stains under 100 X magnification is very important; there should be fewer than 10 squamous epithelial cells, more than 25 polymorphonuclear leukocytes, or both per field of this size. The major causes of pneumonia are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, anaerobic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, various gram-negative aerobic or facultative bacilli and Legionella. However, many other organisms are capable of causing pneumonia, even in the immunocompetent host. Further adding to the problem is the fact that a number of different organisms are manifesting increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents. Our study with ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid included seven patients with pneumonia, one with empyema, and one with purulent tracheobronchitis. Organisms recovered from pleural fluid, transtracheal aspiration and sputum or tracheostomy aspirate included multiple anaerobes, pneumococci, S. aureus, Hemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, K. ozaenae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter, Enterobacter cloacae, Proteus mirabilis, beta-hemolytic streptococci, Neisseria meningitidis and Branhamella catarrhalis. Several of the organisms were ticarcillin resistant. Eight of the patients had cures and the other patient showed improvement. Only minor side-effects were encountered--Coombs' positivity (without hemolysis), eosinophilia, drug fever and one case of questionable neutropenia.
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PMID:Lower respiratory tract infection. 407 97

The experience with ofloxacin used for 10 years from 1986 to 1995 in the complex therapy of 208 patients with wound infection complicated in 51 patients (24.5 per cent) by respiratory tract infection such as purulent tracheobronchitis or pleuropneumonia was generalized. In 28 patients (13.5 per cent) persistent bacteriuria not susceptible to the routine drugs was stated. The clinical and bacteriological efficacies of ofloxacin in the group of the patients with noncomplicated purulent wounds of the soft tissues amounted to 85-91 and 74-80 per cent respectively. In the group of the patients with wound infection complicated by respiratory or urinary tract infection the clinical and bacteriological efficacies equaled 94-100 per cent. The appetite disorder, epigastric pain or nausea were rare. Only in 3 cases the adverse reactions required the treatment discontinuation. Despite the use of ofloxacin for many years, the susceptibility of the main causative agents of surgical infections to the drug remained high: Staphylococcus epidermidis 93.3 per cent, Staph.aureus 94.5 per cent, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 96.5 per cent, Escherichia coll 100 per cent, Proteus spp. 100 per cent, Enterobacter spp. 100 per cent, Acinetobacter spp. 82.3 per cent and Klebsiella spp. 88.8 per cent. The successive use of ofloxacin, at first intravenously for 3-5 days and then orally in the form of tablets for 3-5 days, in the treatment of 15 patients with wound infections of various genesis and localization subjected to osteoplastic reconstructive operations provided positive effects in all the cases and was economically advantageous.
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PMID:[Ten-year experience with the use of ofloxacin in the treatment of wound infection]. 900 92