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Query: UMLS:C0040586 (tracheobronchitis)
 449 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Environmental lung injury may take the form of acute tracheobronchitis, asthma, pulmonary edema, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, allergic pneumonitis, fibrosing alveolitis, pleurisy, and neoplastic disease. Environmental factors eliciting these responses include irritant gases and fumes, oxidants, organic allergens, inorganic dust, bacterial enzymes, and high partial pressures of oxygen. The basic pulmonary reactions to these toxic agents--bronchoconstriction, vasoconstriction, increased vascular permeability, inflammation, carcinogenesis--may be mediated, aggravated, or modulated by biologically active substances. These humoral agents include biogenic amines (e.g. histamine): peptides (e.g., bradykinin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and spasmogenic lung peptide); enzymes (e.g., proteases, superoxide dismutase, and mixed function oxidases); and acidic lipids (e.g., prostaglandins, prostaglandin endoperoxides, and thromboxanes).
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PMID:Environmental injury of the lung: role of humoral mediators. 35 83

Aspergillus infections may be categorized by specific radiographic patterns, the patient's immunologic status, and the presence or absence of preexisting structural lung disease. General patterns include invasive aspergillosis (both vascular and airway invasive varieties and acute tracheobronchitis), semiinvasive aspergillosis (including allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and hypersensitivity pneumonitis), mycetoma, allergic aspergillosis, and obstructing bronchial aspergillosis. Knowledge of these various radiographic patterns as well as the immune derangements that accompany these infections may allow proper diagnosis.
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PMID:The radiologic spectrum of pulmonary Aspergillus infections. 1188 68

Aspergillus is a ubiquitous dimorphic fungus that causes a variety of human diseases ranging in severity from trivial to life-threatening, depending on the host response. An intact host defence is important to prevent disease, but individuals with pre-existing structural lung disease, atopy, occupational exposure or impaired immunity are susceptible. Three distinctive patterns of aspergillus-related lung disease are recognized: saprophytic infestation of airways, cavities and necrotic tissue; allergic disease including extrinsic allergic alveolitis, asthma, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, bronchocentric granulomatosis and chronic eosinophilic pneumonia; and airway and tissue invasive disease -- pseudomembranous tracheobronchitis, acute bronchopneumonia, angioinvasive aspergillosis, chronic necrotizing aspergillosis and invasive pleural disease. A broad knowledge of these clinical presentations and a high index of suspicion are required to ensure timely diagnosis and treatment of the potentially lethal manifestations of aspergillus-related pulmonary disease. In the present report, the clinical, radiographic and pathological aspects of the various aspergillus-related lung diseases are briefly reviewed.
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PMID:Aspergillus-related lung disease. 1630 29