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Query: UMLS:C0040584 (tracheitis)
 384 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Six healthy neonatal calves were chilled with cold water and had focal tracheitis induced by spraying 5% acetic acid into the tracheal lumen. Subsequently, 20 ml of sterile saline solution was injected intratracheally. The effects of these interventions on total and differential white cell counts, plasma cortisol, histamine, and bradykinin, hematocrit, total plasma solids, and indices of the erythrocyte size and hemoglobin content were determined over the subsequent 12 hours. Cold stress increased plasma cortisol levels for less than 1 hour, but did not alter any other variable. This group of calves served as a control group for a second series of neonatal calves which were given 2 X 10(9) organisms of Pasteurella haemolytica intratracheally immediately following an identical period of chilling and acetic acid exposure. Calves given P haemolytica became neutropenic. There were increased numbers of circulating band neutrophils by 12 hours after exposure, and serum cortisol values were maintained at the same or greater than cold stress concentrations for all measurement periods subsequent to exposure. Infected calves had acute fibrinous pneumonia from which P haemolytica was isolated. Contrary to previous reports, these data may indicate a role for the neutrophil in the pathogenesis of early lesions of pasteurellosis. Although the association of circulating corticosteroids with stress and subsequent infection is clear, our data provide no evidence to indicate that circulating histamine or bradykinin are involved in the pathogenesis of the acute lesions of Pasteurella pneumonia.
Am J Vet Res 1984 Sep
PMID:Interactions of cold stress and Pasteurella haemolytica in the pathogenesis of pneumonic pasteurellosis in calves: method of induction and hematologic and pathologic changes. 649 33

We describe two patients in whom bacterial tracheitis developed shortly after elective tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. Bacterial tracheitis has not previously been reported in this clinical setting. Prompt recognition is essential if a fatal outcome is to be avoided. The cause remains uncertain, but the outcome is good if timely treatment is instituted.
J Pediatr 1994 Sep
PMID:Bacterial tracheitis as a complication of tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. 807 48

An 18-month-old girl was brought to the emergency room of Chang Gung Children's Hospital with inspiratory stridor, suprasternal retractions and imminent respiratory failure. Despite orotracheal intubation, persistent poor air-entry was noted. Flexible bronchoscopy via the endotracheal tube showed a copious amount of mucopurulent secretions in the tracheobronchial tree without any foreign bodies. With vigorous suctioning and antibiotic treatment, she had a rapid recovery. Tracheal aspirates showed a growth of Haemophilus influenzae. Cefamandole was used with good response. In conclusion, although bacterial tracheitis is an uncommon obstructive upper airway disease in children, using a bronchoscope to diagnose and to guide specific therapy can decrease the morbidity and mortality.
Changgeng Yi Xue Za Zhi 1996 Sep
PMID:Bacterial tracheitis: a case report. 892 51

A bicephalic Honduran milk snake (Lampropeltis hondurensis) with tracheal duplication and malformation and Salmonella arizonae infection is described. There were atypically wide collapsed tracheal rings with necrotizing tracheitis and abundant necrotic epithelial debris and inflammatory cells obstructing the lumen in one of the duplicate tracheae. Salmonella arizonae was cultured from the malformed duplicate trachea and was considered to be the etiologic agent causing necrosis.
J Zoo Wildl Med 1997 Sep
PMID:Tracheal malformation in a bicephalic Honduran milk snake (Lampropeltis hondurensis) and subsequent fatal Salmonella arizonae infection. 936 48

A reovirus was isolated from juvenile Moellendorff's ratsnakes (Elaphe moellendorffi) and beauty snakes (Elaphe taenuris) that died soon after importation into the USA. Viper heart (VH2) cells inoculated with tissue homogenates showed cytopathic effects consisting of large syncytia formation followed by cell detachment from the monolayer. Tissue culture supernatants failed to hemagglutinate guinea pig and chicken erythrocytes at room temperature. Electron microscopy of purified virions revealed spherical to icosahedral particles measuring 70-85 nm in diameter with a double capsid layer. Preparations of the viral genome contained ten segments of dsRNA when analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A juvenile black ratsnake (Elaphe obsoleta obsoleta) was experimentally inoculated with the isolate and was found dead 26 days post inoculation. Necropsy revealed diffuse subacute interstitial pneumonia with respiratory epithelial cell hyperplasia and syncytia. Reovirus isolated from this snake was used to inoculate another juvenile black ratsnake which was euthanized 40 days post inoculation. Pneumonia and multifocal subacute proliferative tracheitis were found on necropsy. Reovirus was isolated from the lung of this snake and was demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy. This is the first documentation of a pathogenic reptile reovirus and the first report of experimental transmission of a reovirus in snakes.
Virus Res 1999 Sep
PMID:Isolation and experimental transmission of a reovirus pathogenic in ratsnakes (Elaphe species). 1050 25

Chelonid herpesvirus (ChHV) infection in tortoises associated with stomatitis-rhinitis complex is a severe, mostly epizootic disease characterized by proliferative and diphtheroid-necrotizing glossitis, pharyngitis, rhinitis, and tracheitis, often occurring with pneumonia and encephalitis. The UL5 gene from a German ChHV isolate was used to generate a digoxigenin-labeled 307-base-pair DNA probe by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). ChHV DNA was detected in paraffin-embedded tissues of five naturally infected tortoises (two Afghan tortoises [Testudo horsfieldii], USA; two Hermann's tortoises [Testudo hermanni], Switzerland; one T. hermanni, Germany) by means of in situ hybridization (ISH) and PCR. Distribution of ChHV DNA exhibits many characteristics of alphaherpesvirus but also some characteristics of betaherpesvirus infections. The amino acid sequence of a portion of the ChHV UL5 homolog exhibited more than 50% similarity to alphaherpesvirus UL5 proteins. Nuclear hybridization signals were detected in epithelial cells of the lingual mucosa and glands. Furthermore, ChHV DNA was observed in tracheal epithelium, pneumocytes, hepatocytes, the renal tubular epithelium, cerebral glia cells and neurons, and intramural intestinal ganglia. ChHV DNA in endothelial cells of many organs underlines the systemic character of the disease. Importantly, ChHV DNA was detected by ISH in multiple tissues of tortoises originating from different geographic provenances. This indicates a high degree of conservation of the UL5 gene fragment among viruses prevalent in tortoises on different continents. With the described ISH, a molecular biological tool is available for rapid and specific diagnosis of ChHV infections and, more importantly, comparative pathogenetic studies of ChHV isolates from geographically unrelated regions.
Vet Pathol 2000 Sep
PMID:Detection of chelonid herpesvirus DNA by nonradioactive in situ hybridization in tissues from tortoises suffering from stomatitis-rhinitis complex in Europe and North America. 1105 60

A young Donge de Bordeaux dog was presented with chronic intermittent antibiotic responsive gastrointestinal and respiratory disease. Further evaluation showed bacterial lymphadenitis, bacterial tracheitis, normal white cell and differential cell counts, hypogammaglobulinaemia, and the absence of B-lymphocytes but the presence of T-lymphocytes in the lymphoid tissue stained with lymphocyte markers. As the dog came from a narrow genetic base, with related dogs showing similar clinical signs, possible B-cell congenital immune deficiency was suspected.
J S Afr Vet Assoc 2002 Sep
PMID:Suspected primary immune deficiency in a Donge de Bordeaux dog. 1251 2

Respiratory viruses cause a number of clinical 'syndromes' in the intensive care unit with different viruses being able to produce similar clinical pictures. Our main presenting problems are upper airway (e.g. croup and tracheitis), lower airway with intrapulmonary shunt (e.g. bronchitis and pneumonia), lower airway with dynamic hyperinflation (e.g. bronchiolitis and wheeze) and control of breathing (e.g. apnoea). This pragmatic classification is used because it enables focus on the physiological abnormality needing treatment, and how best to deliver appropriate and adequate ventilator support. This review provides an overview of these syndromes and a more detailed account of respiratory syncytial virus, our most commonly diagnosed winter illness.
Paediatr Respir Rev 2003 Sep
PMID:Respiratory viruses in the intensive care unit. 1288 Jul 50

Severe tracheitis and bronchitis were identified in two fatal cases of respiratory disease affecting a flock of Gouldian finches (Erythrura [Chloebia] gouldiae). Intranuclear inclusion bodies in epithelial cells of the upper respiratory tract were identified in samples from two birds. Electron microscopic examination showed that the inclusions consisted of viral particles consistent in appearance with Herpesviridae. Degenerate PCR primers targeting a conserved region of the herpesviral-DNA-dependent DNA polymerase were used to amplify a region of DNA isolated from tissues with lesions from each animal. Nucleotide sequencing of the PCR products yielded identical viral sequences that were distinct from known herpesviruses. An analysis of sequence homology indicated that these gene segments appear to belong to a member of the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae.
J Clin Microbiol 2003 Sep
PMID:Characterization of a herpesvirus associated with tracheitis in Gouldian finches (Erythrura [Chloebia] gouldiae). 1295 25

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common cause of morbidity in the UK and is increasingly seen in elderly patients, often requiring multiple courses of steroids. We present a case of a 72 year old lady with repeated exacerbations of COPD which did not respond to conventional treatment. Herpes simplex virus (HSV1) tracheobronchitis was diagnosed following a rigid bronchoscopy and her symptoms improved with intravenous acyclovir. This is the first published case of HSV tracheitis in a non immunosuppressed individual with chronic lung disease.
J Med Case Rep 2007 Sep 19
PMID:An unusual exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with herpes simplex tracheitis: case report. 1788 Jun 76


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