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Query: UMLS:C0040584 (tracheitis)
 384 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During the last 12 years, 30 cases of tracheopathia chondro-osteoplastica have been diagnosed at the Department of Otolaryngology of Kuopio University. Ten of these were accidentally revealed by bronchoscopy, 2 by autopsy, but 18 were revealed through a systematic examination. Ten of these 18 were preliminarily diagnosed by indirect laryngoscopy. The average age for women was 51 and for men 42, the youngest patient being 11 and the oldest 71 years of age. The characteristic symptoms were long-term recurrent cough, hoarseness and periodic expectoration. The sputum was frequently abundant and crusty, and sometimes contained streaks of blood. Shortness of breath was a common symptom, but there were often entirely asymptomatic periods. The disease begins with a persistent purulent tracheitis, which, probably owing to calciphylaxis, causes accumulation of calcium salts in the tracheal mucosa. Cartilage and bone later develop around these accumulations. In most of the cases of tracheopathia chondro-osteoplastica in the present series, the condition was associated with atrophic rhinitis or pharyngitis. As the nasal disease improves, some regression may occur, though hardly healing. Calcium and phosphorus metabolism was not disturbed, and no immunological aberrations were found in any of the patients in this series.
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PMID:Tracheopathia chondro-osteoplastica. A clinical study of thirty cases. 40 93

A previously healthy young adult presented with inspiratory stridor and hoarseness but minimal dysphagia. Indirect laryngoscopy and lateral neck X-rays confirmed a diagnosis of membranous tracheitis. This responded to humidification, antibiotics and steroids. Secretions removed at direct laryngoscopy sent for culture grew Staphylococcus aureus. The literature is reviewed.
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PMID:Bacterial tracheitis in a young adult. 304 37

Infectious croup is a viral or bacterial syndrome characterized by a barking cough, hoarseness, and stridor. Three separate conditions will be discussed: laryngotracheobronchitis, spasmotic croup, and bacterial tracheitis. Each clinical entity will be defined and its treatment reviewed. Current treatment regimens for infectious croup involve various combinations of mist therapy, racemic epinephrine, corticosteroids, and syrup of ipecac. Tradition, rather than science, appears to be the basis of many of these treatments. Despite the frequent occurrence of infectious croup, no treatment has proved consistently successful. Prevention and better treatment methods are the keys for reducing the high cost of infectious croup to the medical care system.
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PMID:Infectious croup: a critical review. 310 93

We report the case of a 23-year-old male who presented to the emergency department with severe upper airway obstruction resulting from infection of the palatine tonsils. Manifestations of tonsillar infection and airway obstruction included hoarseness and extreme difficulty breathing, severe sore throat and inability to swallow liquids or solids. Urgent otolaryngologic consultation was obtained, and the patient was taken directly to the operating suite for nasotracheal intubation with tracheostomy standby. The patient was maintained on broad-spectrum antibiotics and was discharged after a hospital course complicated by pulmonary oedema, tracheitis and difficulty weaning from the ventilator, requiring temporary tracheostomy. The Monospot test was negative for infection with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). We could find no previously reported cases of adults with severe palatine tonsillar-induced airway obstruction which was not due to infection with EBV (mononucleosis). The airway management of obstruction due to palatine tonsillar hypertrophy is discussed.
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PMID:Upper airway obstruction from tonsillar infection in adults. 942 36

Inhalation injuries are currently the factor most responsible for mortality in thermally injured patients. Inhalation injuries may occur independently, but generally occur together with skin burn. Smoke inhalation affects all levels of the respiratory system and the extent of the inhalation injury depends on the duration, exposure, amount and toxicity of the fume temperature, concentration and solubility of toxic gases, the occurrence of the accident in a closed space and pre-existing diseases. Smoke inhalation also induces changes in the systemic organs with the need for more fluid for resuscitation. Systemic vasoconstriction, with an elevation in systemic vascular resistance, a fall in myocardial contractility and a great increase in lymphatic flow in soft tissue are the most important changes in systemic organs. On admission of a burn patient there is a high suspicion of inhalation injury when there are signs and symptoms such as hoarseness, strides, dyspnea, carbonaceous sputum, anxiety or disorientation, with or without face burns. The patient with these findings has partial airway obstruction and there is substantial risk complete airway obstruction occurring of secondary to the edema. Patients with suspected inhalation injury should be intubated so as to maintain airway patency and avoid a total obstruction. This group of patients frequently develop respiratory failure with the need for mechanical ventilatory support. Nosocomial infections, sepsis and multiple organ system failure may occur. Late complications of inhalation injury are tracheitis, tracheal stenosis or tracheomalacia and chronic airway disease, which is relatively rare. Early diagnosis of inhalation injury and treatment in a Burn Unit by a group of highly motivated clinicians and a good team of nurses is essential in order to decrease the morbidity and mortality related to inhalation injury.
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PMID:[Inhalation lesions in the burn patient]. 956 14

Pseudomembranous necrotizing tracheitis is a rare cause of life-threatening central airway obstruction. Patients present with hoarseness, cough, dyspnea, wheezing, stridor, and occasionally with respiratory failure. Diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion, and should be confirmed with a comprehensive bronchoscopy and biopsy. For patients with signs and symptoms of airway obstruction, a therapeutic rigid bronchoscopy with mechanical debridement is recommended. We present a rare case of necrotizing tracheitis secondary to Corynebacterium species, which caused life-threatening airway obstruction in an adult.
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PMID:Necrotizing tracheitis secondary to corynebacterium species presenting with central airway obstruction. 2376 66

Histoplasma capsulatum can rarely affect the trachea. We report the case of a 68-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis on immunosuppressive therapy who presented with fevers, worsening shortness of breath, nonproductive cough and subjective throat hoarseness and fullness. Chest computed tomography demonstrated no tracheal findings. Bronchoscopy found mucosal irregularity, nodularity and vesicular regions in the proximal trachea extending seven centimeters distal to the vocal cords. Also seen was an edematous, exudative left vocal cord with polyps and an ulcerative lesion. Silver staining and culture and wash of the tracheal biopsy revealed Histoplasma capsulatum. She was treated with oral itraconazole then briefly on intravenous amphotericin for rising Histoplasma urinary antigen levels. She continued treatment 24 months following diagnosis with minimal dyspnea. Histoplasma tracheitis has been proposed as an indicator of disseminated infection. However, our patient did not demonstrate other organ manifestations. Histoplasma tracheitis should be considered in a differential diagnosis of tracheal lesions even in the absence of systemic involvement.
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PMID:Nondisseminated histoplasmosis of the trachea. 2504 66