Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040584 (tracheitis)
 384 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eight- to 10-week-old outbred Wistar rats were inoculated intranasally with 10(2.9) medium mouse lethal infective doses of sialodacryoadenitis (SDA) virus. Sham inoculated control rats and challenged rats were killed at 1 day intervals for the first 8 days, then on days 10, 12, 14, and 20. Typical lesions associated with SDA were seen microscopically in the salivary and lacrimal glands of inoculated rats. In addition, laryngitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, and multifocal alveolitis were present during the acute stages of the disease. Viral antigen was demonstrated in epithelial cells lining airways by immunofluorescence microscopy. SDA virus was recovered from the lower respiratory tract from days 2 to 6 post-inoculation (PI). Serum antibodies to SDA virus, but not to Sendai virus or Mycoplasma pulmonis were present in rats tested at day 20 PI. These findings demonstrate that during the acute stages of the disease, significant lesions do occur in the lower respiratory tract of SDA virus-infected rats.
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PMID:Sialodacryoadenitis virus-associated lesions in the lower respiratory tract of rats. 301 6

A prospective study of 1,144 infants and their families was performed. Smoking and family histories were evaluated with respect to the incidence of lower respiratory disease during the first year of life. It was found that (1) tracheitis and bronchitis occurred significantly more frequently in infants exposed to cigarette smoke in the home, (2) maternal smoking imposed greater risks upon the infant than paternal smoking, (3) occurrence of neither tracheitis nor bronchitis showed a consistent relationship to the number of cigarettes smoked, (4) a family history that was positive for respiratory illness (chronic cough or bronchitis) significantly influenced the incidence of bronchitis, (5) too few cases of laryngitis and pneumonia were seen to warrant any opinions regarding the adverse influence of either smoking or a family history that was positive for respiratory illness, and (6) occurrence of bronchiolitis was not affected by the presence of a smoker nor influenced by a family history that was positive for respiratory illness. It is concluded that passive smoking is dangerous to the health of infants and that infants born to families with a history that is positive for respiratory illness (chronic cough or bronchitis) are at risk of developing bronchitis.
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PMID:Involuntary smoking and incidence of respiratory illness during the first year of life. 397 30

Conventionally raised male Holstein calves, 1 month of age, were infected by intranasal and intratracheal inoculation with bovine respiratory syncytial virus. Viral antigen was identified by fluorescence microscopy most commonly in the cytoplasm of tracheal and bronchial epithelial cells 3 to 5 days after inoculation. Cytoplasmic viral antigen was identified also in nasal, nasopharyngeal, bronchiolar, and alveolar epithelial cells and in alveolar macrophages. Bronchitis and tracheitis, characterized in part by epithelial necrosis, formation of syncytial epithelial cells and epithelial hyperplasia, were the most common lesions observed histologically. Rhinitis, bronchiolitis, and interstitial pneumonia were observed less frequently. Alterations were not detected in the numbers of cells recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage after inoculation. An increase in the phagocytic rate of latex beads occurred in macrophages 5 days after inoculation. Viral-induced lesions were resolved by 30 days after inoculation. The results indicated that bovine respiratory syncytial virus inoculation of calves results in reversible alterations in airway epithelial structure and in the phagocytic function of alveolar macrophages.
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PMID:Experimental bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection in conventional calves: light microscopic lesions, microbiology, and studies on lavaged lung cells. 399 21

Infectious pneumonias are inflammations of the lung that can be localized in the alveoli or interstitial tissue or both. The pathogenic agent is usually airborne; more rarely it is hematogenous. Important distinctions are between bacterial and nonbacterial forms, between diseases acquired outside and inside hospitals, and between patients who are basically healthy and those with a previous illness. Pneumococci continue to be the dominant pathogens outside hospitals. In hospitals, gram-negative, anaerobic, and fungal pathogens are more often found. Usually, purulent chronic bronchitis or an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis is based on a prior viral infection or an impairment of bacterial clearance mechanisms of the respiratory tract. The dominant pathogens are Haemophilus influenzae and pneumococci. Worldwide, viral infections of the upper respiratory tract have great epidemiological significance. With 12 different groups of viruses and more than 150 serotypes, there can be many causes of symptoms of rhinitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, and tracheitis as well as bronchitis.
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PMID:Respiratory infection: the disease. 407 65

Mycoplasma spp. were isolated from the respiratory tissues of three buzzards. Bird I, a rough-legged buzzard (Buteo lagopus), showed airsacculitis, catarrhal-fibrinous pneumonia, and catarrhal tracheitis. Bird II, a common buzzard (Buteo buteo), revealed mycotic airsacculitis, bronchitis and pneumonia. Bird III was a healthy rough-legged buzzard. All isolates metabolized glucose but not arginine and were serologically identical by immunofluorescence and growth-inhibition tests. No serological cross-reactions were seen with several known Mycoplasma species.
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PMID:Isolation of a Mycoplasma sp. from three buzzards (Buteo spp.). 704 50

The genuine European house-dust mite, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, is the producer of the most common and most potent allergen in the house-dust in Central Europe. Such allergens causing asthma, rhinitis, tracheitis, bronchitis and/or conjunctivitis in man may also be produced by the other species of house-dust mites such as D. farinae and Euroglyphus maynei. House mites and mites of stored products rarely account for such diseases but more frequently for acarodermatitis--especially on farms. Allergies due to house-dust mites mainly occur in midsummer and in early autumn. Particularly children under 10 years of age are effected by these allergies. Textile articles such as mattresses, upholstered furniture and carpets are breeding places of the genuine house-dust mites. Skin scales of humans, mammals and birds affected by mould provide the nutritional substrate of the mites.
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PMID:[House-dust mites as vectors of human diseases]. 718 73

70 children aged 4 to 12 years with acute infection and inflammation of the respiratory tract (laryngitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia) were enrolled in a double-blind investigation and randomised to treatment with nimesulide (50mg granules twice daily) or lysine-aspirin (360mg granules twice daily) for 5 days. The drugs were similarly effective in reducing cough, asthenia and dyspnoea, although nimesulide-treated patients experienced fewer gastrointestinal adverse events. These results confirm the efficacy of nimesulide in the treatment of respiratory inflammation and provide preliminary evidence of its value in children.
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PMID:Double-blind evaluation of nimesulide vs lysine-aspirin in the treatment of paediatric acute respiratory tract infections. 750 76

Bobwhite quails (Colinus virginianus) were inoculated intratracheally, intraperitoneally, or subcutaneously with Indiana C adenovirus at 1, 3, 6, or 9 weeks of age. Mortality rates were 33-100% in quails inoculated at 1 or 3 weeks of age and 0-10% in quails inoculated at 6 or 9 weeks of age. Gross and histologic lesions included necrotizing tracheitis and bronchitis with pneumonia, necrotizing hepatitis and splenitis, and lymphoid depletion of the bursa of Fabricius; these were consistent with quail bronchitis. Indiana C is highly pathogenic in bobwhite quails and cannot be recommended as a vaccine to prevent quail bronchitis.
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PMID:Experimental infection of bobwhite quail with Indiana C adenovirus. 798 Feb 83

Specific-pathogen-free laying hens were inoculated with avian influenza virus (AIV) A/chicken/Alabama/7395/75 (H4N8) either intratracheally (IT) or intravenously (IV). IT inoculation produced a localized infection of the upper and lower respiratory tracts with lesions of tracheitis, bronchitis, airsacculitis, and pneumonia around the secondary bronchi. IV inoculation produced a systemic infection with major lesions of nephritis, interstitial pneumonia, salpingitis, and splenic and hepatic necrosis. In IV-inoculated hens, AIV nucleo-protein was demonstrated within renal tubule epithelium, in luminal surface and glandular oviduct epithelium, and in mononuclear cells within pulmonary blood capillaries. However, no virus was recovered from internal contents of eggs laid between days 1.5 and 5 postinfection. These data indicate that A/chicken/Alabama/7395/75 has tissue tropism and pathogenicity for the respiratory and urogenital systems of reproductively active laying hens. Site and severity of lesion development are determined by the localized or systemic nature of AIV infection.
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PMID:Pathological studies of A/chicken/Alabama/7395/75 (H4N8) influenza virus in specific-pathogen-free laying hens. 800 96

From 1985 to 1990 five Model Regional Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) Care Systems participated in a collaborative effort to prospectively document the occurrence of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), aspiration, atelectasis, bronchitis, bronchospasm, lung abscess, pleural effusion, pneumonia, pneumo/hemothorax, pulmonary edema, pulmonary thromboembolism, tracheitis, upper respiratory infection, and ventilatory failure in patients admitted within 48 hours of SCI with a level of C1-T12 and Frankel Grade A, B, or C. The mean, standard deviation and range was calculated for the time of onset and duration of each complication. Of the 261 patients who entered the study, 175 (67%) experience 544 respiratory complications with atelectasis being the most common (36.4%) followed by pneumonia (31.4%) and ventilatory failure (22.6%). These complications occurred on the average of 17.7 days, 24.5 days and 4.5 days postinjury and lasted 12.8 days, 15.5 days, and 35.9 days, respectively. Twenty-two percent, 47%, and 31% had injury levels at C1-4, C5-8, T1-12, respectively with the majority being Frankel Grade A (78%). Eighty-four percent of C1-4, 60% of the C5-8, and 65% of the T1-12 had respiratory complications. Statistical analysis revealed complications to be significantly greater (p < .05) and of longer duration (p < .05) for the C1-4 group. Ventilatory failure and aspiration were the earliest to occur (at 4.5 days) for all SCI patients. Surprisingly, however, complications overall occurred significantly sooner (p < .05) in the T1-12 group. In conclusion, patients who sustain SCI have a high incidence of respiratory complications; however, some occur earlier and more frequently depending on the level of injury.
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PMID:Incidence of respiratory complications following spinal cord injury. 812 77


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