Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040425 (tonsillitis)
 1,594 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bacteriological and clinical studies have been performed on meropenem (MEPM, SM-7338), a newly developed carbapenem antibiotic, in the pediatric field. 1. Antibacterial activities of MEPM against 24 clinical isolates were determined. MEPM showed excellent activity against Gram-positive bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, especially Escherichia coli and Branhamella catarrhalis. Against Haemophilus influenzae, MEPM had a higher activity than imipenem and flomoxef, but had a lower activity than piperacillin and cefoperazone. 2. Clinical efficacies of MEPM were evaluated in 32 cases with bacterial infections. A poor efficacy was observed in 1 patient with phlegmon but excellent or good efficacies were obtained in other 31 patients with tonsillitis (1), pneumonia (17), UTI (12), or SSSS (1). The overall efficacy rate was 96.9%. All strains except 1 of S. aureus were eradicated by the administration of MEPM, and a high eradication rate of 95.8% (23 out of 24 strains) was obtained. 3. No side effects were observed in 35 evaluated cases. As abnormal laboratory test results, elevated GOT, elevated GPT, eosinophilia and neutropenia were noted in 4, 4, 4 and 2 patients, respectively. 4. Influences on blood coagulation parameters were studied. PIVKA II was elevated upon administration of MEPM in some cases, but no changes in ATT, TT, HPT or Fbg were observed during the treatment. Based on the above results, it has been concluded that MEPM is a safe and effective drug to use in the treatment of pediatric infections. The usual recommended dosage and administration should be 10 to 20 mg/kg of MEPM at a time, using intravenous drip infusion, 3 times a day.
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PMID:[Bacteriological and clinical studies on meropenem in the pediatric field]. 150 6

Twenty-five children were treated with meropenem (MEPM, SM-7338) and the clinical efficacy and side effects were evaluated. Ages of the patients ranged from 9 months to 11 years. Dose levels of MEPM ranged from 50.4 to 108 mg/kg/day for 4 to 8 days. The 25 patients included 11 pneumonia cases, 4 bronchitis, 6 tonsillitis, 3 urinary tract infections and 1 gingivitis, and they were evaluated for the clinical efficacy of MEPM. Results were excellent in 13 and good in 12 patients. No side effects nor abnormal clinical laboratory test results were observed. The pharmacokinetics of MEPM was studied in 7 patients with ages ranging from 9 to 15 years. The mean plasma peak concentration of MEPM in 5 patients was 36.7 micrograms/ml after dosing 10 mg/kg, and that of 2 patients was 70.0 micrograms/ml after administering 20 mg/kg. These data showed that plasma concentrations of drug depended on dose levels. Average half-life values for the 2 groups (10 and 20 mg/kg) were 0.83 and 0.85 hour, respectively. Urinary recovery rates for the 2 groups (10 and 20 mg/kg) were 64.3% and 81.3%, respectively, in the first 5 hours after administration.
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PMID:[Clinical and pharmacokinetic evaluations of meropenem in children]. 152 72

We have carried out clinical studies on meropenem (MEPM, SM-7338), the results are summarized as follows. Treatment with MEPM was made in 13 cases of pediatric bacterial infections including 9 cases of pneumonia and 2 cases of colitis and 1 case each of purulent tonsillitis, and pharyngitis. Results obtained were excellent in 10 cases, good in 3 cases. No significant side effects due to the drug were observed in any cases, except in 1 case each of eosinophilia, elevated gamma-GTP, elevated total bilirubin and elevated GPT.
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PMID:[Clinical studies of meropenem in pediatric field]. 152 80

Nasal sinusitis, tonsillitis, and pharyngolaryngitis typify upper respiratory tract infections, while bronchitis and pneumonia typify lower respiratory tract infections. Cases of paranasal sinusitis with severe suppuration are reportedly becoming less frequent, while those of chronic catarrhal paranasal sinusitis and edematous allergic paranasal sinusitis are becoming more so, The primary factor in paranasal sinusitis, a typical infectious disease encountered in otolaryngology, is bacterial infection. The main causative bacteria are Streptococcus pneumoniae, reported in 13.4% of cases, Haemophilus influenzae in 12.8% Moraxella catarrhalis in 5.5%, Staphylococcus aureus in 26.5%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 5.2%, and anaerobes. The incidence of strains resistant to antimicrobial agents has grown for S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and M. catarrhalis and decreased for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Acute exacerbation or severe suppuration in chronic paranasal sinusitis requires the administration of antimicrobial agents, with the same agent administered 2 weeks for maximal effect. First-line agents are AMPC/CVA, SBTPC, CDTR-PI, CFPN-PI, and GFLX for adults, with ASPC, SBPC, ACPC, CTRX, CMZ, FMOX, PAPM/BP, and MEPM injected in severe cases. Attention must be paid to strains that resist cephems and macrolides, such as PISP, PRSP, and BLNAR. In refractory chronic paranasal sinusitis, attention must also be paid to biofilms produced by S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Suitable antimicrobial agents should be determined for treating of chronic paranasal sinusitis, in addition to the best procedure to ensure early recovery from inflammation, such as puncturing or irrigating the maxillary sinus, injecting a suitable agent, nebulization, and/or surgically widening the middle meatus.
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PMID:[Bacteria isolated from chronic upper and lower respiratory tract infections and the associated therapeutic strategies--in paranasal sinusitis]. 1651 20