Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040425 (tonsillitis)
 1,594 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have carried our laboratory and clinical studies on cefodizime (CDZM, THR-221). The results were summarized as follows. CDZM was given by 30-minute drip infusion to 2 children at a single dose of 10 mg/kg and to 2 children at a single dose of 20 mg/kg and to 3 children at a single dose of 40 mg/kg. After the 30-minute drip infusion, mean serum levels of CDZM obtained for the 3 dose levels were 76.16 +/- 5.52 micrograms/ml, 170.49 +/- 16.70 micrograms/ml, 270.01 +/- 50.44 micrograms/ml at the end of injection, respectively, and serum half-lives were 2.03 +/- 0.78 hours, 2.03 +/- 0.38 hours, 2.28 +/- 0.30 hours, respectively. The mean urinary excretion rate of CDZM were 83.3 +/- 22.3%, 73.1 +/- 13.9%, 51.1 +/- 8.5% in the first 8 hours after the 30-minute drip infusion of 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg, respectively. Treatment with CDZM was made in 28 cases of pediatric bacterial infections; 5 cases of tonsillitis, 2 cases of bronchitis, 10 cases of pneumonia, 6 cases of enteritis, 3 cases of urinary tract infection and 1 case each of maxillary sinusitis and laryngitis. Results obtained were excellent in 13 cases, good in 7 cases, fair in 2 cases, poor in 6 cases. No significant side effect due to the drug was observed except one case of thrombocytosis and 2 cases each of elevated GOT and elevated GOT and GPT.
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PMID:[Laboratory and clinical studies of cefodizime in pediatric field]. 226 65

1. Absorption and elimination Serum and urinary levels of cefodizime (CDZM, THR-221) were determined in 7 children with ages ranging from 3 to 12 years after a intravenous bolus injection of the drug at 20 mg/kg. The average serum level of the drug was 119.27 +/- 13.83 micrograms/ml at 30 minutes, then decreased gradually with a half-life of 2.01 +/- 0.25 hours to 10.56 +/- 2.93 micrograms/ml at 6 hours. The average urinary elimination rate was 77.34 +/- 12.60%. 2. Clinical study CDZM was given to the following 39 patients with ages ranging from 2 months to 15 years and clinical efficacy, bacteriological response and adverse reactions were evaluated. The treated cases were 2 cases of acute purulent tonsillitis, 30 cases of acute pneumonia, 1 case of acute purulent otitis media and 2 cases of acute urinary tract infections. Clinical efficacies were excellent in 29 cases, good in 5 cases and poor in 1 with an efficacy rate of 97.1%. Organisms presumed to be pathogens included 3 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 1 beta-Streptococcus, 1 Staphylococcus epidermidis, 9 Haemophilus influenzae (1 beta-lactamase producing strain and 8 non-producing strains) and 1 Enterococcus faecalis. The last one was decreased and the others were eradicated with an eradication rate of 93.3% for all strains. Adverse reactions occurred in no patients. Abnormal changes in laboratory test values involved only 1 case each of elevated GOT, elevated GOT and GPT, eosinophilia and thrombocytosis. Based on the above-mentioned result and features of this drug, it was confirmed that this drug showed an excellent usefulness in the treatment of infections in childhood. It may be also effective in the management of infections under immunosuppression.
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PMID:[Experimental and clinical studies on cefodizime in pediatrics]. 279 56

Clinical trials of cefodizime (CDZM, THR-221) were carried out in pediatric infection. Results are summarized as follows. 1. The mean half-life of CDZM in the serum following intravenous injection of CDZM (20 mg/kg) was about 2.06 hours. 2. The mean urinary excretion rate of CDZM within 8 hours after intravenous injection of CDZM was 60.1%. 3. CDZM was administrated to 19 pediatric patients with various infections; 9 cases of pneumonia, 3 bronchitis, 1 cervical lymphadenitis, 2 tonsillitis and 4 urinary tract infections. The overall efficacy rate was 94.7%. 4. No adverse reactions were observed. Abnormal laboratory test values found were thrombocytosis in 2, slight elevation of GOT and GPT in 1 and eosinophilia in 1 patient.
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PMID:[Laboratory and clinical studies of cefodizime in pediatric field]. 279 57

Cefodizime (CDZM, THR-221), a new cephem antibiotic, was investigated for its clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetics in children. The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. Antimicrobial activities Antimicrobial activities of CDZM against clinically isolated organisms were determined. MICs of CDZM against 1 strain each of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 0.05 micrograms/ml to 0.10 micrograms/ml. Especially, MIC against all 6 strains of Haemophilus influenzae was less than or equal to 0.024 micrograms/ml. This MIC value was lower than those of other antibiotics such as cefotaxime, cefotiam, cefazolin, piperacillin. 2. Pharmacokinetics CDZM was given to 1 case at a dose of 20 mg/kg by a 60-minute intravenous drip infusion. The peak value of serum concentration of CDZM was 207.80 micrograms/ml at the end of the infusion. The half-life was 2.15 hours. The mean urinary excretion rate was 68.5% in the first 4 hours, 79.2% in 6 hours and 76.5% in 8 hours after the 30-minute drip infusion. 3. Clinical efficacy CDZM was given to a total of 27 patients, 13 with pneumonia, 1 with bronchitis, 2 with acute pharyngitis, 1 with purulent tonsillitis, 5 with urinary tract infection, 1 each with retrograde cholangitis, acute enteritis, pericementitis, phlegmon and inguinal lymphadenitis. Overall clinical efficacies were excellent in 5 cases, good in 17 and the efficacy rate was 81%. Bacteriological effects were investigated in 13 cases and the eradication rate was 85%. No adverse reactions were observed in any case. As abnormal laboratory findings, elevated GOT, GPT, A1-P, LAP and gamma-GTP, were noted in 1 out of the 28 cases examined.
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PMID:[Clinical and pharmacokinetic evaluation of cefodizime in children]. 279 60

Clinical studies were performed on cefodizime (THR-221, CDZM), a new cephem antibiotic as described below. CDZM was administered to 13 patients in dose levels ranging from 55 to 96 mg/kg/day t.i.d. for 3-7 days (5.5 days on average). These patients included 8 with pneumonia, 2 with tonsillitis, 1 each with bronchitis, phlegmon and urinary tract infection. The overall efficacy rate was 92.3%, i.e., efficacy was excellent in 8, good in 4 and poor in 1. Bacteriological efficacy was 83.3%, i.e., 5 strains of bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae 1, Haemophilus influenzae 3, Haemophilus parainfluenzae 1) were eradicated and 1 was unchanged (Enterobacter cloacae, MIC greater than 100 micrograms/ml). Clinical side effect was not observed during the treatment. Laboratory abnormalities were observed in 2 cases, i.e., a slight elevation of GPT and a mild eosinophilia. The above results suggest that CDZM is a useful antibiotic for treating pediatric bacterial infections.
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PMID:[Clinical experience with cefodizime in bacterial infection of children]. 279 62

Cefodizime (CDZM, THR-221) was given intravenously to 20 children with the following acute bacterial infections: 2 cases each of tonsillitis, bronchitis, purulent cervical lymphadenitis, and urinary tract infections and 12 cases of pneumonia. Good clinical responses were obtained in 18 patients out of the 20, and bacteriologically, all of the 5 strains identified were eradicated. No side effect was obtained except one case of eosinophilia. From the above clinical results, it is apparent that CDZM is a useful antibiotic for the treatment of pediatric patients with various kinds of bacterial infections.
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PMID:[Clinical experience with cefodizime in pediatric field]. 279 63