Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0040425 (tonsillitis)
 1,594 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clinical studies on ceftriaxone (Ro 13-9904, CTRX) were carried out and the results were as follows: Twelve patients (acute purulent tonsillitis 1, pneumonia 6, urinary tract infection 5) were treated with CTRX, in doses of 21-48 mg/kg divided 2 times per day for 3.5-8 days intravenously. The overall efficacy rate was 100%. No adverse reactions were observed. No abnormal laboratory data were noted.
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PMID:[Clinical studies on ceftriaxone in the pediatric field]. 609 96

Fundamental and clinical evaluation on ceftriaxone (Ro 13-9904, CTRX), a newly-developed injectable cephem antibiotic was performed as follows. The serum and urine concentrations of CTRX as well as the urinary recovery rate were determined in 7 children at 3 different dose levels; 3 cases administered with 10 mg/kg, 3 with 20 mg/kg and 1 with 48 mg/kg by one shot intravenous injection. The concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid was determined in 1 case of purulent meningitis associated with bacteremia, administered by one shot intravenous injection with 47.6 mg/kg. CTRX was also examined in its clinical and bacteriological efficacies by one shot intravenous injection for 8 days on average in a mean daily dose of 46.5 mg/kg, divided into twice a day in 31 cases, 3 times in 1 case, and 4 times changed from twice in 1 case; in a total of 33 children consisting of 3 with tonsillitis, 1 with chronic bronchitis, 20 with pneumonia, 2 with purulent meningitis associated with bacteremia, 3 with urinary tract infections, 1 with osteomyelitis associated with phlegmon, 3 with purulent lymphadenitis. The adverse reactions and laboratory test values were examined in a total of 40 cases, i.e., the above-mentioned 33 cases plus the 7 drop-out cases in which the clinical efficacy could not be evaluated. The results were as follows. The serum levels of CTRX in 7 cases consisting of 3 administered with 10 mg/kg, 3 with 20 mg/kg and 1 with 48 mg/kg reached their peaks 5 minutes after one shot intravenous injection and the mean values of them were 93.6 mcg/ml, 143.0 mcg/ml and 558.0 mcg/ml, respectively, indicating the existence of a dose-response among these groups, while the half-life times were 4.41, 5.86 and 4.09 hours. Among the 7 cases examined in the urinary levels as well as the serum levels, the 3 cases administered with 10 mg/kg reached the mean peak of 334.0 mcg/ml 2 to 4 hours after administration, while another 3 cases administered with 20 mg/kg showed peaks of 793.0, 522.0 and 536.0 mcg/ml, respectively, 2 to 4 hours, 4 to 6 hours and 6 to 12 hours after injection; this dispersion being partly because of that the urine specimen was unable to be collected regularly every hour in this dose group. In the case administered with 48 mg/kg, urinary level reached the highest value of 6,100.0 mcg/ml from 0 to 2 hours.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Fundamental and clinical evaluation of ceftriaxone in the pediatric field]. 609 8

Twenty-eight pediatric patients were treated with ceftriaxone (Ro 13-9904, CTRX) in the doses ranging from 8.75 to 25 mg/kg every 12 hours for 3.5 to 11.5 days, and the clinical efficacy and side effects were evaluated. Among the 21 children with bacterial infections including pneumonia, acute bronchitis, otitis media, tonsillitis and urinary tract infections, the results were excellent in 9, good in 11, and fair in 1 patient. Out of the 28 patients, 2 patients had diarrhea, 3 patients had slightly elevated serum concentrations of transaminases, and 2 patients showed eosinophilia. The serum concentrations of CTRX in 5 children ranged from 50.0 to 93.8 micrograms/ml (mean 75.0 micrograms/ml) at 15 minutes and from 10.2 to 15.6 micrograms/ml (mean 13.4 micrograms/ml at 6 hours after 10 mg/kg intravenous bolus injection of CTRX. The serum half-lives were from 2.61 to 8.30 hours (mean 6.16 hours), and urinary recovery rates were from 43.3 to 58.0% (mean 48.5%) during 0-6 hours and from 52.0 to 66.1% (mean 59.4%) during 0-12 hours. After 20 mg/kg intravenous bolus injection of CTRX in 4 children, the serum concentrations of CTRX were from 118.8 to 162.5 micrograms/ml (mean 139.1 micrograms/ml) at 15 minutes and from 18.0 to 21.1 micrograms/ml (mean 19.2 micrograms/ml) at 6 hours. The serum half-lives were 4.07 to 6.34 hours (mean 5.13 hours), and urinary recovery rates were 38.6 to 51.1% (mean 45.4%) during 0-6 hours and from 54.8 to 64.0% (mean 59.0%) during 0-12 hours. Patients with impairment of renal function were excluded from this pharmacokinetic study.
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PMID:[Clinical and pharmacokinetic evaluation of ceftriaxone in children]. 609 20

Ceftriaxone (Ro 13-9904, CTRX), developed by F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. in Switzerland, was used for the pediatric infections and the following results were obtained. The mean blood level of CTRX in 2 children after a 60-minute intravenous drip infusion with 20 mg/kg was 58.6 micrograms/ml at 30 minutes, 75.0 micrograms/ml at 1 hour, 39.85 micrograms/ml at 2 hours, 27.74 micrograms/ml at 4 hours, 20.71 micrograms/ml at 6 hours, 11.72 micrograms/ml at 12 hours and 3.91 micrograms/ml at 24 hours while the half-life time was 5.9 hours in one child and 7.6 hours in the other. CTRX was used in 22 children with acute infections consisting of 3 with acute pharyngeal tonsillitis, 4 with acute bronchitis, 8 with bronchopneumonia, 6 with infections of skin soft tissue and 1 with salmonellosis. The results were excellent in 5 cases and good in 17, indicating an efficacy rate of 100%. Out of 10 cases where the causative strains were detected, 4 cases were followed about the activities of the respective bacteria, i.e., H. influenzae, Streptococcus group A, S. aureus and Salmonella group B, all of which were eradicated after the end of administration. The daily dose of CTRX ranged from 30 to 50 mg/kg and generally a larger dose was used for serious infections. CTRX was administered twice daily in 20 out of 22 cases, by an intravenous injection in 4 and an intravenous drip infusion in 18, for 2 to 4 days in 16 and 5 to 8 1/2 days in 6. No clinical adverse reactions were observed while the laboratory test found a slight elevation of GOT in one and that of GOT and GPT in another. From the above results, CTRX was judged to be a highly useful drug for treatment of pediatric infections.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of ceftriaxone in the pediatric field]. 609 21

Nasal sinusitis, tonsillitis, and pharyngolaryngitis typify upper respiratory tract infections, while bronchitis and pneumonia typify lower respiratory tract infections. Cases of paranasal sinusitis with severe suppuration are reportedly becoming less frequent, while those of chronic catarrhal paranasal sinusitis and edematous allergic paranasal sinusitis are becoming more so, The primary factor in paranasal sinusitis, a typical infectious disease encountered in otolaryngology, is bacterial infection. The main causative bacteria are Streptococcus pneumoniae, reported in 13.4% of cases, Haemophilus influenzae in 12.8% Moraxella catarrhalis in 5.5%, Staphylococcus aureus in 26.5%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 5.2%, and anaerobes. The incidence of strains resistant to antimicrobial agents has grown for S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and M. catarrhalis and decreased for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Acute exacerbation or severe suppuration in chronic paranasal sinusitis requires the administration of antimicrobial agents, with the same agent administered 2 weeks for maximal effect. First-line agents are AMPC/CVA, SBTPC, CDTR-PI, CFPN-PI, and GFLX for adults, with ASPC, SBPC, ACPC, CTRX, CMZ, FMOX, PAPM/BP, and MEPM injected in severe cases. Attention must be paid to strains that resist cephems and macrolides, such as PISP, PRSP, and BLNAR. In refractory chronic paranasal sinusitis, attention must also be paid to biofilms produced by S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Suitable antimicrobial agents should be determined for treating of chronic paranasal sinusitis, in addition to the best procedure to ensure early recovery from inflammation, such as puncturing or irrigating the maxillary sinus, injecting a suitable agent, nebulization, and/or surgically widening the middle meatus.
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PMID:[Bacteria isolated from chronic upper and lower respiratory tract infections and the associated therapeutic strategies--in paranasal sinusitis]. 1651 20

The clinical findings of genococcal infection (oral and genital) and the clinical effect of ceftiaxone (CTRX) and cefditoren (CDTR) administration were studied in Commercial Sex Workers (CSW). The gonococci were detected by DNA probe method (mouth), PCR method (genitals) and ELISA method (chlamydial antibody detection). 1) In the oral infection group (n = 20), chlamydial infection (65%), herpes infection (25%), and genital gonococcal infection (35%) were noted. Pharyngeal pain was observed in 9 out of 9 patients with tonsillitis and 4 out of 11 patients with pharyngitis. High fever and cervical lymphadenopathy were observed in 3 out of 9 patients with tonsillitis. 40% (8/20) of the partners had infections. Both CTRX administration (1 - 2 g/day x 3 days) (n = 11) and consecutive administration of CDTR (300 mg/day x 3 - 7 days) following CTRX administration (1 - 2 g/days x 1 - 3 days) (n = 9) were effective in all patients. 2) In the genital infection group (n = 35), chlamydial infection (65.7%), herpes infection (25.7%) and oral gonococcal infection (17.1%) were observed in 3 out of 6 patients with tonsillitis and 3 out of 6 patients with pharyngitis. The treatment was effective in all patients in the CTRX (1 - 2 g/day x 2 - 3 days) group (n = 14), CDTR (300 mg/day x 5 - 7 days) group (n = 5) and consecutive administration of CDTR (300 mg/day x 3 - 7 days) after CTRX (1 - 2 g/day x 1 - 3 days) and (n = 14). In pelvic peritonitis (n = 2), CTRX administration (2 - 4 g/day x 3 - 7 days) were effective.
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PMID:[Clinical effect of ceftriaxone and cefditoren administration against oral and genital gonococcal infection]. 1667 80