Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040425 (tonsillitis)
 1,594 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cefprozil is a new oral cephalosporin with an enhanced in vitro spectrum of activity that includes group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (GABHS). Four multicenter randomized clinical trials were conducted to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of cefprozil administered once or twice a day for the treatment of mild to moderate GABHS tonsillitis and pharyngitis. A total of 1597 patients were enrolled in the trials. Patient demographics and severity of infection were similar for all treatment groups. In Study 1, cefprozil administered at 20 mg/kg once daily was clinically, in 68 of 76 patients (89%) and bacteriologically, in 66 of 74 patients (89%) superior to penicillin -51 of 69 (74%) and 46 of 69 (67%)--administered three times a day in patients of two to 12 years of age. In Study 2, the patients enrolled were 13 years of age and older, and cefprozil administered at 20 mg/kg once a day had similar clinical (93% vs. 90%) and bacteriological (95% vs. 94%) response rates as cefaclor administered three times a day. Study 3 demonstrated that cefprozil administered twice daily was similar to penicillin given three times a day, the clinical satisfactory response being 164 of 175 (94%) for cefprozil and 146 of 165 (88%) for penicillin. In Study 4, identical clinical and bacteriologic responses (95%) were observed for cefprozil administered once a day and erythromycin ethylsuccinate administered four times a day in children over two years of age. There were no significant differences in the incidence or severity of drug-related adverse events, which, when reported, were mild and transient.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Comparative efficacy and safety of cefprozil versus penicillin, cefaclor and erythromycin in the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis and tonsillitis. 788 58

Cefprozil is a novel third generation, broad-spectrum oral cephalosporin with activity against a spectrum of aerobic gram-negative and positive bacteria, as well as certain anaerobes. The beta-lactamase stability of cefprozil may exceed that of other oral cephalosporins for some important pathogens. Cefprozil may be a suitable alternative to several other commonly used beta-lactams and cephalosporins in the treatment of mild to moderate upper and lower respiratory tract infections including sinusitis, otitis media, pharyngitis/tonsillitis, secondary bacterial infection of acute bronchitis, and acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, and skin and skin structure infections in children. Available data indicate the safety of cefprozil in both pediatric and adult population.
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PMID:Cefprozil: a review. 1284

Tonsillopharyngitis is very common in children, with Group A Streptococci being the most common bacterial etiology. Effective antibacterial treatment is imperative due to risk of rheumatic fever. Cephalosporins have been used successfully for the treatment of Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcal (GABHS) tonsillopharyngitis. Cefprozil is a novel broad-spectrum oral cephalosporin. Cefprozil is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract with high bioavailability. The excellent penetration of cefprozil into tonsillar and adenoidal tissue corresponds well with the clinical outcome. The drug provides excellent coverage against both gram-negative and -positive bacteria that may cause pharyngitis/tonsillitis. The beta-lactamase stability of cefprozil appears to exceed that of other oral cephalosporins for important gram negative pathogens. In clinical trials, cefprozil appears to be at least as effective as commonly used comparison agents such as cefaclor and cefixime. Additionally, cefprozil is better tolerated than the latter, especially with regard to gastrointestinal adverse effects. Thus cefprozil can be considered a safe and reliable drug for the treatment of Streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis in children.
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PMID:Redefining the management of pediatric tonsillopharyngitis with cefprozil. 1817 46


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