Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040425 (tonsillitis)
 1,594 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

No significant differences were found between hyperplastic tonsillitis and recurrent tonsillitis in the intensity of cell-mediated immune response of tonsillar T cells, the ratio of T cell subsets, the ratio of Tac-positive cells, and the stimulation index determined after incubation in the presence of TCGF alone. However, the proportion of the cells in phase S+G2+M, the ratio of OKT9-positive cells to total tonsillar lymphocytes, and the amount of polyamines (especially putrescine) were greater in hypertrophied tonsils than in the tonsils with recurrent tonsillitis. Some characteristics of recurrent tonsillitis are discussed from these differences. Comparison of tonsillar lymphocytes from children vs. adults produced similar results. The proportion of cells in phase S+G2+M, the ratio of OKT9, and the amount of polyamines were greater in tonsils of children. In addition, differences in the function of tonsillar and peripheral lymphocytes from the patient are also discussed.
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PMID:Immunological and biochemical properties of tonsillar lymphocytes. 624 78

The frequency of mononuclear cells (MNC) spontaneously secreting interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) has been examined in freshly isolated cell suspensions from human palatine tonsils. Two-site reverse enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) analyses, involving short term (20 h) incubation of MNC in the absence of any added exogenous stimulus, revealed that tonsillar MNC suspensions contain exceptionally large numbers of cells secreting IFN-gamma. No significant differences were observed when comparing the frequency of IFN-gamma-producing cells between cell suspensions obtained from hyperplastic and tonsillitis specimens. Cell-sorting experiments disclosed that spontaneous tonsillar IFN-gamma production was essentially contributed by CD4+ T cells, and required the presence of accessory cells and/or soluble factors to be detected. Thus, depletion of plastic adherent cells or monocytes from the tonsillar MNC suspensions resulted in reduced numbers of detectable IFN-gamma-secreting cells. Addition of very small numbers of autologous monocytes restored spontaneous IFN-gamma production in tonsillar MNC cultures depleted of monocytes. Neutralization of endogenous IL-1 beta and IL-2, as well as blocking of the IL-2 receptor, also decreased IFN-gamma production from unfractionated tonsillar cells. Addition of exogenous IL-1 beta restored IFN-gamma production in cultures of tonsillar MNC depleted of plastic adherent cells. Furthermore, IL-1 beta synergized with IL-2 by tonsillar MNC depleted of plastic adherent cells. Furthermore, IL-1 beta synergized with IL-2 by increasing intracellular as well as cell-free levels of IFN-gamma in cultures of unfractionated tonsillar MNC. This study further establishes that the tonsils are highly active immunological organs containing large numbers of T cells spontaneously producing IFN-gamma whose detection is contingent upon the presence of functional accessory cells. It also demonstrates that concomitant production of IL-1 beta and IL-2 occurs in tonsils and is necessary to maintain ongoing synthesis and extracellular accumulation of IFN-gamma in these organs.
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PMID:High frequency of spontaneous interferon-gamma-producing cells in human tonsils: role of local accessory cells and soluble factors. 809 34