Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040425 (tonsillitis)
 1,594 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The present work deals with trials of the method of rapid diagnosis of streptococcal infection, carried out in children's infectious hospital, with the use of a new diagnostic kit. The proposed diagnosticum has proved to be highly sensitive and specific in scarlet fever and tonsillitis. The sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosticum depend on the duration of the disease, prehospital treatment and the quality of the bacteriological analysis.
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PMID:[The rapid diagnosis of acute streptococcal infection in children]. 148

A method using a commercial dot filter hybridization kit, Virapap, was compared with Southern blot hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 in pharyngeal and tonsillar cancers of 12 patients as well as tonsillar biopsies from 28 patients with chronic tonsillitis. Concordant results between Virapap and PCR, Virapap and Southern hybridization, and PCR and Southern hybridization methods were obtained respectively in 41.7%, 58.3% and 83.3% of the cancer cases, and 67.9%, 67.9% and 85.7% of the control (tonsillitis) cases. Virapap false-positive results were found in 5 cancer cases and 5 control cases. Although the Virapap method is reported to be useful for detecting HPV in gynecological tissues, this method cannot be recommended for the detection of HPV in pharyngeal and tonsillar cancers.
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PMID:Comparison of Virapap filter hybridization with polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot hybridization methods for detection of human papillomavirus in tonsillar and pharyngeal cancers. 838 65

An immunochromatography (IC) kit for human adenovirus (HAdV) was evaluated with 138 patient nasopharyngeal samples. The samples were collected at a sentinel clinic in Japan from January through June 2003. Patients were diagnosed by clinical manifestation of pharyngoconjunctival fever (n = 38) or exudative tonsillitis (n = 100). The IC kit was positive for 84% (116 of 138) of patients diagnosed at bedside. The remaining extract solution of the IC kit test was transferred into maintenance medium and tested via laboratory diagnoses. The IC kit had 95% sensitivity (116 of 122 patients) with HAdV isolation (isolation) as the standard and 91% sensitivity (116 of 128 patients) with PCR as the standard. All of the IC kit-positive samples were isolation and PCR positive. Similarly, all the isolation-positive samples were PCR positive. Twenty-two IC kit-negative samples were evaluated by real-time PCR. Six samples were IC kit negative and isolation positive and contained 3.8 x 10(7) to 2.5 x 10(9) copies of the HAdV genome/ml. Five samples that were only PCR positive contained 3.0 x 10(4) to 3.8 x 10(5) copies of the HAdV genome/ml, but one sample was real-time PCR negative. We conclude that the IC kit is a useful bedside diagnostic tool for HAdV infections because it has 95% sensitivity (compared to isolation), but a negative result does not always rule out HAdV infection.
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PMID:Evaluation of a bedside immunochromatographic test for detection of adenovirus in respiratory samples, by comparison to virus isolation, PCR, and real-time PCR. 1558 71

The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of diagnostic methods for dual-infected cases of human adenoviruses (AdVs) and coxsackieviruses type B (CBs). For this purpose, 100 nasopharyngeal samples from patients with acute exudative tonsillitis and clinically suspected AdV infection were analyzed. Using PCR and real-time PCR techniques for AdVs and CBs, we found 86 AdVs-only positive samples; we also found five dual-infected samples containing 5.4 x 10(5) to 7.1 x 10(8) copies/mL of AdV genomes and 1.4x104 to 1.3 x 10(9) copies/mL of CB genomes. By viral culture using A549 cells, two co-infected samples, which contained over 10(8) copies/mL of AdV genomes and <10(5) copies/mL of CB genomes, became AdV dominant, while three samples with less than 2.0 x 10(6) copies/mL of AdV genomes became CB dominant. An immunochromatography kit for diagnosing AdVs at the bedside was positive for 3/5 dual-infected patients, and PCR techniques for AdVs and CBs were both positive for 5/5. Viral culture is usually considered to be the gold standard for AdV diagnosis, but our results demonstrate the importance of PCR applications for the detection of AdV and CB genomes, particularly in clinical cases of suspected AdV infection. Even though the sample size of dual infection (n=5) is small, our results show the existence of dual infection cases which were difficult to diagnose by viral culture alone.
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PMID:Detection of dual-infected cases of adenoviruses and coxsackieviruses type B by real-time PCR but not by the conventional viral culture technique. 1825 68

A new immunochromatographic (IC) assay kit, BD Veritor System Adeno was evaluated to comparing with commercial available kit, BD Adeno Examan, cell culture, and real-time PCR using throat swab samples. Specimens were collected from 146 pediatric patients between July 2011 and January 2012. Mean age of patients was 4 years (8 months-15 years old). Patients were diagnosed with pharyngitis (n = 67), tonsillitis (n = 45), pharyngoconjunctival fever (n = 26), upper respiratory tract infection (n = 6), conjunctivitis (n = 1), or bronchitis (n = 1). Thirty-one of the patients (21.2%) had more than one disease. Among all samples, 61 (41.8%) were positive for adenovirus with BD Veritor System Adeno; 68 (46.6%) with BD Adeno Examan; 63 (43.2%) with real-time PCR; and 65 (44.5%) with cell culture. Serotype 3 (n = 41; 63.1%) was predominant among the 65 adenovirus isolates, followed by serotype 2 (n = 12; 18.5%), 1 (n = 6; 9.2%), 5 (n = 4; 6.2%), and 4 (n = 2; 3.1%). Relative sensitivity and specificity of BD Veritor System Adeno, BD Adeno Examan, and real-time PCR were 93.8% and 98.7%, 96.9% and 93.8%, and 96.9% and 100%, respectively. Positive predictive and negative predictive values for these methods were 98.4% and 95.1%, 92.6% and 97.4%, and 100% and 97.6%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of real-time PCR was greater than that of IC assay kits. However, IC assay kits also showed high sensitivity and specificity appropriate for clinical use.
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PMID:Evaluation of new immunochromatographic assay kit for adenovirus detection in throat swab: comparison with culture and real-time PCR results. 2459 52

Streptococcus pyogenes is an important bacterial pathogen that colonizes the throat and skin of human beings and causes a wide variety of diseases ranging from mild infections like pharyngitis, tonsillitis and impetigo to severe invasive infections such streptococcal toxic shock syndrome, septicemia, and necrotizing fasciitis, and produces a wide variety of virulence factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibiotic resistance, virulence genes; [pyrogenic exotoxin genes (speA, C, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, smeZ and ssa), deoxyribonuclease genes (sdaB, spd3, sdc ve sdaD), protease genes (speB, spyCEP ve scpA) and inhibitor genes (mac and sic)] of S.pyogenes strains isolated from throat cultures of patients with symptomatic tonsillo-pharyngitis and typing by multiple locus variable number tandem repeat fingerprinting (MLVF) method. One hundred and fifty S.pyogenes isolates were identified by conventional methods and streptococcus group A latex kit (Biomerieux, France). Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method as recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. DNA isolation was performed by using a commercial DNA isolation kit (Qiagen, Germany) in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations. The virulence genes were determined by multiplex PCR. MLVF method was performed with multiplex PCR using specific primers for repeated sequences within bacterial genome. All of the S.pyogenes isolates were susceptible to penicillin G, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, erythromycin, levofloxacin, vancomycin and linezolid. Among streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin genes the most frequent gene was smeZ (90.0%) followed by speG (88.0%), speC (58.7%), ssa (42.7%), speA (33.3%), speJ (24.0%), speK (18.7%), speH (14.0%), speI (13.3%), speL and speM (9.3%). Of the DNase genes, sdaB was detected in all strains (100%), spd3, sdc, sdaD genes were determined as 64.7%, 36.0%, 24.7% respectively. Protease genes (speB, spyCEP, scpA) and mac gene from the inhibitor genes were positive in all strains, and sic gene was positive in only 3 (2.0%) of the isolates. Thirty-two different patterns that contained two or more isolates were determined by MLVF analysis. Ninety one isolates were included in any of the 32 different patterns, while 59 isolates were defined as sporadic isolates. In conclusion, S.pyogenes isolates collected from throat cultures of patients with symptomatic tonsillo-pharyngitis in Konya/Turkey were susceptible to all antibiotics studied and have carried a very high rate of virulence factors. However the isolates were mostly clonally unrelated and sporadic. This study is the first report in Turkey, in which S.pyogenes isolates were typed by the MLVF method and a large number of virulence factors were investigated.
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PMID:[Investigation of Streptococcus pyogenes virulence factors and typing by multiple locus variable number tandem repeat fingerprinting (MLVF) method]. 3015 10