Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040425 (tonsillitis)
 1,594 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the otolaryngology literature, little attention is given to pharyngeal gonococcal infections. In the past, gonorrheal stomatitis was emphasized; recent publications dealt especially with tonsillitis. A gonococcal focus in the tonsil is not easily eradicated and often leads to diseminated gonorrhea with arthritis. Homosexual contacts are of importance. Among 196 patients with suspected venereal disease (93 men and 103 women), 74 had genital or rectal gonorrhea, or both; two female patients had an isolated gonococcal pharyngeal infection. A positive gonococcal pharyngeal culture was obtained from one homosexual man who had tonsillitis. In all cases of tonsillitis in "young" adults, the otolaryngologist should be aware of the possibility of a gonorrheal infection. Even if there is the slightest suspicion, a tonsillar culture for gonococci is required, for which suction of the crypts is recommended.
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PMID:Gonorrheal infections in the oropharynx. 81 22

Ofloxacin is a 4-quinolone antibiotic with rapid bactericidal activity against a wide variety of organisms. Its proposed mechanism of activity is interference with DNA gyrase, an enzyme essential for the replication of bacterial DNA. In vitro activity of ofloxacin includes a variety of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Enteric gram-negative bacilli and cocci are generally sensitive to ofloxacin; nonaeruginosa strains of Pseudomonas are less so. Numerous bacterial pathogens of the gastrointestinal tract are also sensitive to the drug. Although its MIC values for gram-positive aerobic organisms are generally higher, ofloxacin's bactericidal activity against these organisms is considered by some to be adequate, and superior to that of most other fluoroquinolones. Ofloxacin is well absorbed after oral administration. Wide tissue and body fluid distribution is demonstrated. Urinary excretion is thought to be the primary route of elimination, with 80% of the dose recovered in the urine within 24 hours. The serum half-life ranges between 2.9 and 9 hours in a dose-dependent manner. Only modest accumulation is reported after multiple-dose administration. Clinical trials using daily dosages of 100-800 mg/day in single or divided doses have been reported in the treatment of a variety of conditions such as skin and soft tissue infections, tonsillitis, sexually transmitted disease, respiratory tract infections, cystitis, and complicated and uncomplicated urinary tract infections. English reports of these trials, however, are generally limited to abstract form, making evaluation of trial design difficult. Side effects most frequently encountered include gastrointestinal and central nervous system reactions.
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PMID:Ofloxacin: its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and potential for clinical application. 328 54

BACKGROUND Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the pathogen Treponema pallidum. Prevalence continues to rise, especially among men who have sex with men (MSM). Due to changes in patterns of sexual activity, manifestations of the disease are highly variable. CASE REPORT A 27-year-old male visited the hospital for a low-grade fever and tender 5-cm mass in the right side of his neck. His right tonsil was swollen and covered with a white coating. Levofloxacin was prescribed, but ineffective. The patient's levels of liver function enzymes increased gradually. Systemic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy with right predominance, a right pulmonary nodule, and a periportal lymph node, suggestive of malignant lymphoma. However, a biopsy of the right cervical lymph node showed nonspecific inflammation. Preoperative rapid plasma reagin (RPR) and T. pallidum latex agglutination (TPLA) tests were positive. The patient was MSM and reported oral sex with many sexual partners. A diagnosis of secondary syphilis was made. Oral amoxicillin was effective, and all symptoms other than periportal lymph node resolved. CONCLUSIONS Tonsillitis, cervical lymphadenopathy, and lung lesions can be manifestations of secondary syphilis. A detailed history, pathology, and serology are crucial for diagnosis.
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PMID:Secondary Syphilis with Tonsillar and Cervical Lymphadenopathy and a Pulmonary Lesion Mimicking Malignant Lymphoma. 2950 29