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Query: UMLS:C0040425 (tonsillitis)
 1,594 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The spontaneous development of a cytomegalovirus infection in a healthy adult is described. This illness manifested with fever, headache, malaise, an absolute lymphocytosis with atypical lymphocytes, and liver function abnormalities, but without tonsillitis, pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy, or splenomegaly. Aseptic meningitis also was present. The pathogenesis of cytomegalovirus mononucelosis and its relationship to other related syndromes are discussed.
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PMID:Spontaneous cytomegalovirus mononucleosis-like syndrome and aseptic meningitis. 18 29

A retrospective review of charts for 650 children who had lumbar puncture for suspected meningitis was undertaken to determine the characteristics of patients with and without meningitis, identify other conditions suggesting meningitis, and evaluate the predictive value of signs and symptoms of meningitis. The incidence of positive lumbar punctures increased with patient age. Younger infants did not present with classical features of meningitis. Bulging fontanel, lethargy, and irritability were nonspecific symptoms. Vomiting and headache, although not specific, proved to be more sensitive indicators of meningeal infection. Most patients with meningitis (75%) had at least one sign of meningeal irritation, but so did 25% of patients without meningitis. Brudzinski's sign was not specific. In contrast, nuchal rigidity and Kernig's sign had high predictive value. Up to age five, the diseases most often suggesting meningitis were right-sided pneumonia, gastroenteritis, otitis, tonsillitis, exanthema subitum, and urinary tract infections. Of 171 patients with febrile convulsion, one (0.5%) had bacterial meningitis and four had aseptic meningitis.
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PMID:Diseases that mimic meningitis. Analysis of 650 lumbar punctures. 220 11

The authors have carried out the pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of cefminox (CMNX, MT-141). The results were as follows: CMNX was given by intravenous drip infusion for 1 hour at a dose of 20 mg/kg b.w. to 2 children. The serum levels of CMNX were 103.02 micrograms/ml and 77.73 micrograms/ml at 1 hour after drip infusion, and the levels at 7 hours were 4.39 micrograms/ml and 4.19 micrograms/ml, respectively. The half life times were 1.20 hours and 1.32 hours, respectively. CSF concentrations of CMNX at 1 hour after drip infusion of a dose of 50 mg/kg in 3 patients with aseptic meningitis were 1.68 micrograms/ml (d.i. for 30 minutes), less than or equal to 0.25 micrograms/ml (d.i. for 1 hour) and 0.51 micrograms/ml (d.i. for 1 hour), respectively. CSF/serum ratios were 1.1% and 0.6%. Clinical efficacy was evaluated in 10 cases with purulent tonsillitis (3 cases), pneumonia (3 cases), pyelonephritis (1 case) and enteritis (3 cases). Excellent and good responses were obtained in all cases. Bacteriological response in the form of eradication was noted 8 of 9 cases. No side effects were observed.
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PMID:[Laboratory and clinical studies of cefminox in the pediatric field]. 383 62

Penetration of aspoxicillin (ASPC), a new semisynthetic penicillin, to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and clinical studies against bacterial infections were carried out and the following results were obtained. The concentration of ASPC in CSF was below 1 microgram/ml at 1 hour after intravenous administration of about 50 mg/kg dose to 2 cases of aseptic meningitis on the acute stage. The concentration of ASPC in CSF was above 10 micrograms/ml at 1 hour after intravenous administration of about 80 mg/kg dose to 3 cases of purulent meningitis on the acute stage, and was above 2 micrograms/ml even on the recovering stage. On each stage, its concentration was more than minimum inhibitory concentration of H. influenzae (less than or equal to 0.05 microgram/ml; at inoculum size of 10(6) cells/ml). Clinical efficacy of ASPC was good in all 3 cases of purulent meningitis, excellent in 3 cases, good in 3 cases and poor in 1 case out of 7 cases of septicemia, good in 2 cases and poor in 1 case out of 3 cases of gastroenteritis, respectively. And clinical efficacy of other diseases were excellent or good, that were 2 cases of tonsillitis, 2 cases of soft tissue abscess, 1 case of purulent lymphadenitis and 1 case of urinary tract infection, respectively. Side effects were mild eosinophilia in only 2 cases out of 22 cases.
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PMID:[Clinical study and trial of penetration to the cerebrospinal fluid of aspoxicillin in the pediatric field]. 387 21

The penetration of aztreonam (AZT), a new synthetic monobactam, into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the clinical studies for bacterial infections were carried out. The following results were obtained. The concentrations of AZT in CSF were less than 0.31 microgram/ml and 0.42 microgram/ml, respectively, at 1 hour after intravenous administration of 34 mg/kg and 71 mg/kg in 2 cases of aseptic meningitis at the acute stage. The concentration of AZT in CSF was 6.9 micrograms/ml at 1 hour after intravenous administration of 100 mg/kg in 1 case of purulent meningitis at the acute stage and was 0.62-0.98 micrograms/ml even at the recovering stage. At each stage, its concentration was more than the minimum inhibitory concentration of E. coli (0.10, less than 0.05 microgram/ml; at inoculum size of 10(8), 10(6) cells/ml). Clinical efficacy of AZT was good in 2 cases of purulent meningitis, excellent in 1 case of septicemia, excellent in 5 cases of urinary tract infection, excellent in 1 case and good in 3 cases out of 4 cases of gastroenteritis, excellent in 4 cases and poor in 2 cases out of 6 cases of pneumonia and bronchitis, excellent in 2 cases and good in 1 case out of 3 cases of tonsillitis. No side effects and no abnormal laboratory findings were observed except 1 case of mild diarrhea out of 21 cases.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation on aztreonam in pediatric field and fundamental study on its penetration into cerebrospinal fluid]. 409 65

Pharmacokinetics and clinical effects of ceftizoxime (CZX), a new cephalosporin antibiotic, were investigated and following results were obtained. 1) Ceftizoxime was given by intravenous injection or drip infusion for 1 hour at a single dose of 30 mg/kg. After intravenous injection, the mean peak serum level of 3 children was 95.9 mcg/ml at 15 minutes and half-life time was 1.18 hours. After 1 hour drip infusion, the mean peak serum level of 3 children was 79.5 mcg/ml at the end of infusion and half-life time was 1.20 hours. The urinary level was high and the mean urinary recovery rate was 69.6% and 63.4% up to 6 hours after intravenous injection and 1 hour drip infusion, respectively. 2) CZX was administered in dose of 39--76 mg/kg to 7 pediatric patients (4 cases of purulent meningitis, 2 of septicemia with purulent meningitis, and 1 of aseptic meningitis) by a single intravenous injection. In patients with purulent meningitis, passage into the cerebrospinal fluid was relatively as good as 30% of serum level at the same time in the presence of remarkable signs of inflammation, but poor in cases of mild inflammation or aseptic meningitis. 3) Cerebral puncture fluid level in 1 patient with cerebral abscess was as good as 65.5% of serum level at the same time. 4) CZX was given to 28 cases of respiratory tract infection, 1 of tonsillitis with otitis media, 6 of scarlet fever, 1 each of maxillary sinusitis and bacterial endocarditis, 6 of purulent meningitis, 2 of septicemia, 5 of septicemia suspected, 2 of septicemia with purulent meningitis, 1 each of osteomyelitis, typhoid fever, peritonitis and biliary tract infection, 16 of urinary tract infection, 14 of skin and soft tissue infection, and 1 of external otitis, totaling 87 cases. The mean daily dose of 101.6 mg/kg was administered for an average of 10 days mainly by intravenous injection 4 times daily. Clinical results obtained were excellent in 34 cases, and good in 46. Bacteriological effectiveness rate was 100%. As for side effects, fever, fever with rash, fever with cough and diarrhea appeared in 1 each case out of 182 cases including 95 drop out cases. As for laboratory findings, eosinophilia, thrombocytopenia, elevation of GOT, that of GOT with GPT, and that of GOT with LDH appeared in 10, 2, 2, 3 and 1 cases, respectively.
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PMID:[Pharmacokinetics and clinical effects of ceftizoxime in pediatric field (author's transl)]. 627 4

As a result of conducting experimental and clinical tests with the newly developed cephalosporin, cefoperazone (CPZ), the following conclusions were obtained: (1) When tested against 10 strains of Staphylococcus aureus and 16 strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis, the antibacterial activity of CPZ was found to be weaker than that of CEZ. Against 5 strains of A-beta-Streptococcus and 4 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, both CPZ and CEZ exhibited similar excellent antibacterial activity. CPZ was effective against 18 strains of Escherichia coli though its activity was influenced by the amount of inoculated bacteria present. Against 15 strains of Haemophilus influenzae and 10 strains of Haemophilus parahaemolyticus, CPZ was found to be more effective than CEZ though several high-resistant strains were noted. CPZ also showed more excellent antibacterial activity than CEZ against 4 strains of Haemophilus parainfluenzae, 5 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 8 strains of Salmonella sp., 4 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 4 strains of Proteus sp. (2) The mean half-life in the blood following intravenous injections of 25 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg of CPZ to three children was 70 minutes. (3) One hour after intravenous injection of 25 mg/kg of CPZ to 3 cases of aseptic meningitis, drug concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was 1.20 mcg/ml, less than 0.39 mcg/ml and 1.55 mcg/ml. In one case, the CSF/serum ratio was 2.7%. (4) The average recovery rate in the urine of children who had received intravenous administrations of 25 mg/kg (3 children) and 10 mg/kg (1 child) was 17.8% between 0 and 6 hours. (5) Eighteen pediatric patients received CPZ in doses ranging from 48 to 170 mg/kg divided three-four times a day. They were RTI in 7, URI in 5, UTI in 5, SSSS in 1 and enteritis in 1 children. The clinical effectiveness of CPZ was judged to be remarkedly effective in 11 children, effective in 5 children and ineffective in 3 children, with an overall effective rate of 84.2%. One patient of tonsillitis combined sinusitis was considered 2 cases. The three cases in which the drug was found to e ineffective were 2 cases of pyothorax and 1 case of sinusitis. (6) Side effects were 1 case of eosinophilia, 2 cases of elevation of GOT and GPT, and 1 case of mild elevation of GOT. All were considered to be minor.
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PMID:[Fundamental and clinical studies of cefoperazone in children (author's transl)]. 645 30

Eighty cases of echovirus 18 infection among young children during an outbreak in 2006 in Taiwan were enrolled. Twenty percent of the patients had a comorbid condition. Twenty-five cases (31%) were complicated by aseptic meningitis. The most frequent diagnoses in children without meningitis were pharyngitis/tonsillitis (35%) and vesicular viral exanthem (33%). The case-fatality rate among the children with meningitis was 4%. Echovirus 18 was isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of 68% of the children.
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PMID:Echovirus 18 meningitis in southern Taiwan. 2088 53