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Query: UMLS:C0040425 (tonsillitis)
 1,594 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bone marrow transplantation for the treatment of leukemia is increasingly successful in rendering patients disease free. However, it has become evident that the associated severe immunosuppression predisposes this population to an increased risk for other neoplastic disorders. We report on six patients in whom non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the tonsillar region developed within 5 months after T-cell-depleted bone marrow transplantation for the treatment of leukemia at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center from October 1990 to October 1992. These patients initially had what appeared to be infectious exudative pharyngitis/tonsillitis; however, they did not improve with medical therapy. Because of the persistence of pharyngitis/tonsillitis in association with cervical lymphadenopathy and odynophagia, the patients underwent definitive biopsy in the form of tonsillectomy, cervical lymph node biopsy, or both. Histopathologic review revealed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. An association with Epstein-Barr virus has been noted in five of these patients. This article is aimed at alerting the clinician to consider the diagnosis of lymphoma in a patient with persistent pharyngitis/tonsillitis despite adequate medical therapy after bone marrow transplantation.
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PMID:Tonsil lymphoma presenting as tonsillitis after bone marrow transplantation. 770 Jun 60

The hypothesis that protection of infants from exposure to infectious agents with delayed first exposure to one or more specific agents together contribute to the aetiology of childhood leukaemia, especially common acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (cALL), has substantial indirect support from descriptive epidemiology and case-control studies in developed Western countries. A case-control study of childhood leukaemia diagnosed at ages 2-14 years has now been conducted in Hong Kong. Cases (n=98) formed a consecutive series of Chinese children diagnosed with acute leukaemia; controls (n=228) were identified following a survey using random digit dialling and required to attend for medical examination by a paediatrician. Interviews with mothers were conducted in hospital by one trained interviewer using a structured questionnaire. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) are reported for exposure variables capable of serving as proxies for exposure to infection in two critical time periods: first year of life, year before reference date (diagnosis for cases, corresponding date for controls). Analyses used logistic regression with adjustment for appropriate confounders. Change of area of residence reduced risk if during the first time period (OR = 0.47 [95% CI 0.23, 0.98]) and increased risk if during the second (OR=3.92, [95% CI 1.47, 10.46]). Reported roseola and/or fever and rash in the first year of life reduced risk (OR=0.33 [95% CI 0.16, 0.68]) whereas tonsillitis in the period 3-12 months before reference date increased risk (OR=2.56 [95% CI 1.22, 5.38]). Some other proxies for exposure to infection at the critical times were associated with predicted patterns of risk but day-care attendance failed to show predicted associations. These results provide support for the delayed exposure hypothesis in an affluent geographical setting in which population exposure to infectious agents is quite distinct from the settings of previous case-control studies.
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PMID:Is the timing of exposure to infection a major determinant of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in Hong Kong? 1206 Mar 13

We report a rare case of a cute lymphoblasticleukemia (ALL) who developed dyspnea, neurological disturbance with illusions, pancytopenia, phagocytosis and coagulation disturbances following bacterial tonsillitis. The values of soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R), IL-6 and IL-8 were also elevated. Her clinicolaboratory findings were similar to hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), which is a cytokine disease induced by activated T cells and macrophages. Atypical HLH following bacterial tonsillitis should be kept in mind in leukemia patients.
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PMID:Atypical hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis following bacterial tonsillitis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 1291 81

A 37-year-old woman was admitted to hospital with severe tonsillitis with unilateral necrotizing tonsillitis. She suddenly got fever, malaise, difficulties swallowing, pain in the throat and deterioration despite four days of penicillin treatment. During hospitalisation, she experienced abdominal pain, and blood tests showed pancytopenia. She was transferred to a haematological department, where a bone marrow biopsy showed acute myeloid leukaemia. Subsequently, an abdominal computed tomography with intravenous contrast revealed bilateral renal vein thrombosis, probably because of coagulopathy due to leukaemia.
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PMID:[Necrotizing tonsillitis and renal vein thrombosis due to acute myeloid leukaemia]. 2294 28

Worldwide, tonsillitis is very common. The most common etiology is cross-infection with bacteria and viruses. These cases are managed with antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs without any further investigation because the diagnosis is based on simple clinical examination. Usually, leukemia presents with bleeding, weight loss, lymphadenopathy, fever, and frequent infection. Tonsillitis is a rare first presentation of leukemia. We present 3 cases in which the diagnosis of leukemia was made on routine examination, and in 1 case diagnosis was suspected during tonsillectomy.
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PMID:Tonsillitis with acute myeloid leukemia: a case series for caution. 2359 12

A 37-year-old patient was transferred to Haematology from the ENT Emergency Department where he had been admitted due to tonsillitis. He displayed anaemia and leukopenia and had agranulocytosis in the study. A day later the patient had blast crisis, and was diagnosed with myeloid acute leukaemia. Due to blast crisis the patient experienced sudden back pain, with oliguria and renal function deterioration followed by anaemia, in the context of haemolysis consistent with thrombotic microangiopathy, and as such, we were consulted. We began treatment with plasmapheresis and on the following day we performed haemodialysis (we carried out a total of 12 sessions of plasmapheresis until haemolysis disappeared). Five days later there was respiratory failure, and the patient was consequently transferred to the Intensive Care Unit, where he continued treatment with plasmapheresis and haemodialysis. The patient remained anuric thereafter, requiring haemodialysis, with no sign of renal recovery. Once platelet levels normalised with haematology chemotherapy, a percutaneous renal biopsy was performed, which confirmed the diagnosis of cortical necrosis. Finally, the patient underwent renal replacement therapy by regular haemodialysis.
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PMID:Renal cortical necrosis secondary to thrombotic microangiopathy in the context of acute promyelocytic leukaemia blast crisis. 2424 70