Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0040425 (tonsillitis)
 1,594 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Treatment of inflammations of the oral and pharyngeal cavities (glossitis, pharyngitis, pharyngolaryngitis, tonsillitis) in 60 patients with Larypront Throat Tablets alone, without administration of systemic antibiotics, gave very good results in 49 cases (81.6%) with complete regression of the complaints in 3-4 days. In 11 patients with acute pharyngitis and tonsillitis without demonstrable effect, systemic antibiotic therapy had to be added because of radiologically demonstrable acute sinusitis or increasing antibacterial infection. Side effects were not seen with the use of Larypront in any case.
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PMID:[Treatment of inflammatory diseases of the mouth and throat with Larypront in ENT practice (author's transl)]. 82 23

Clinical effect of amoxicillin was evaluated in 29 cases of the acute infections of ear, nose and throat: 8 cases of acute purulent otitis media, one case of acute otitis externa, one case of furuncle of the ear, 2 cases of acute sinusitis, 12 cases of acute lacunar tonsillitis, 2 cases of pharyngolaryngitis, one case of acute cervical lymphadenitis, one case of phlegmon of the face and one case of acute gingivitis. The following results were obtained from the clinical and laboratory studies. 1) The therapeutic results were excellent in 18 cases, good in 5 cases, fair in 3 cases and poor in 3 cases. The effect was observed in 79.3% of the patients treated. 2) The causative bacteria were: 3 strains of beta-Streptococcus hemolyticus, 4 strains of Hemophilus, 4 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, one strain of Diplococcus pneumoniae, one strain of Gram-positive Diplococcus and Gram-negative Bacillus. Clinically good results were obtained in patients infected with beta-Streptococcus hemolyticus, Hemophilus and Diplococcus pneumoniae. 3) No side effect was observed with amoxicillin, except slight diarrhea in one case. This side effect disappeared by cessation of the administration. 4) No unfavourable influence was noticed on peripheral blood, liver function nor renal function by administration of amoxicillin. 5) From the results of this series, amoxicillin seems to be useful in the treatment of acute infections of the ear, nose and throat.
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PMID:[Clinical study on amoxicillin in otorhinolaryngological field (author's transl)]. 115 88

A newly recognized chlamydial species, Chlamydia pneumoniae causes acute respiratory infections including pneumonia, bronchitis and pharyngitis. In this paper, eight cases of bronchitis and tonsillitis associated with C. pneumoniae are presented. Three cases came to the clinic because of persistent cough and productive sputum. C. pneumoniae was isolated from sputum of a patient and cultured in HeLa 229 cells. Other two patients were diagnosed serologically; Antibodies were measured by microimmunofluorescence using formalized elementary bodies of C. pneumoniae. A titer of 512 in the IgG class was detected. Four patients had sore throat. C. pneumoniae was isolated and cultured from tonsillar swabs in all of them. A patient with sore throat and cough diagnosed as pharyngolaryngitis was sero-positive. Antibodies to C. pneumoniae in IgG and IgM class were 128 and 32, respectively. All the patients were treated with macrolide antibiotics (erythromycin and rokitamycin), and clinical symptoms subsided. In five patients from whom the organism was isolated, the agents were eradicated by the treatment. However, clinical courses of those patients revealed that patient takes a long time to recover from the illness, if diagnosis and first choice of antimicrobial agent are not appropriate.
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PMID:[Respiratory tract diseases due to Chlamydia pneumoniae]. 204 Sep 12

Cefteram pivoxil (CFTM-PI), a new ester type cephem antibiotic, was administered at a daily dose of 600 mg to 81 patients with respiratory infections. They included 4 cases of laryngopharyngitis, 5 cases of tonsillitis, 26 cases of acute bronchitis, 13 cases of pneumonia, 10 cases of chronic bronchitis, 1 case of diffuse panbronchiolitis, 14 cases of infected bronchiectasis and 8 cases of infected other chronic respiratory diseases. Clinical effects were excellent in 18 cases, good in 50 cases, fair in 7 cases, and poor in 6 cases, thus, the efficacy rate was 84.0%. Nausea was observed in 2 cases, and diarrhea, vertigo, or fever was observed in 1 case each. The elevation of GOT and GPT values were found in 4 cases and a slight elevation of total bilirubin value was found in 1 case. These adverse reactions, however, were slight in their grades. CFTM-PI appears to be a useful oral cephem antibiotic in the treatment of respiratory infections.
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PMID:[Clinical studies on cefteram pivoxil in the treatment of respiratory infections]. 219 16

A multi-centered clinical study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of ofloxacin in otorhinolaryngological infections in Japan. Ofloxacin was used at a dosage of 300 mg to 800 mg daily for three to 20 days in 206 cases of various infectious diseases in the otorhinolaryngological field such as otitis media, external otitis, paranasal sinusitis, tonsillitis and pharyngolaryngitis. Its efficacy rate was 79.9%. Minor side effects were seen in three cases (1.5%), gastro-intestinal disorders in two and headache in one. The antibacterial activity of ofloxacin was compared with the activity of pipemidic acid, nalidixic acid and norfloxacin against clinically isolated microorganisms. Ofloxacin was highly superior to pipemidic acid and nalidixic acid, and slightly more active than or equivalent to norfloxacin.
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PMID:Clinical efficacy of ofloxacin in the treatment of otorhinolaryngological infections. 354 57

Sixty-six patients with tonsillitis or pharyngolaryngitis received oral norfloxacin (NFLX) 200 mg b.i.d. or 300 mg b.i.d. for not less than 3 days in general at School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, and 6 related hospitals. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Ten patients were excluded from the study because 4 patients did not present at the follow-up visits, 4 patients did not follow the protocol and 2 patients had unclear infections. Thus, 56 patients were evaluated. 2. The fifty-six evaluable patients were classified as follows: Twenty patients were with tonsillitis and 36 were with pharyngolaryngitis. Thirty-eight patients were treated with 200 mg b.i.d. while 18 patients received 300 mg b.i.d. Thirty-two patients were male and 24 patients were female. Three patients were inpatients and 53 patients were outpatients. Most of patients were light or moderate cases, and the 26 patients had mild underlying disorders. 3. Clinical improvements were observed in 11 of 15 patients (73.3%) with tonsillitis and 25 of 30 patients (83.3%) with pharyngolaryngitis (80.0% overall) within 7 days administration. 4. Clinical improvements were observed in 15 of all 20 patients (75.0%) with tonsillitis and 30 of all 36 patients (83.3%) with pharyngolaryngitis (80.4% overall). 5. Bacteriologically, "eradication", "decrease" and "replacement" were observed in 6, 2 and 1 patients, respectively. 6. As for adverse effects, nausea and headache were observed in 1 patient and abnormal changes in laboratory findings were noted in 1 patient (slight elevations of GOT and GPT). 7. Oral NFLX 200 mg b.i.d. or 300 mg b.i.d. was as almost equally effective as 200 mg t.i.d. in tonsillitis or pharyngolaryngitis. Thus NFLX 200 mg b.i.d. or 300 mg b.i.d. appears to give sufficient clinical efficiency. 8. When antibacterial activity and serum half-life of NFLX are considered, twice daily administration was confirmed to be sufficiently effective in the clinical application.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation on the usefulness and safety of norfloxacin in a twice-a-day regimen against upper respiratory tract infections]. 366 91

We studied BRL 25000, (amoxicillin trihydrate and potassium clavulanate a beta-lactamase inhibitor in ratio of 2: 1), in the otorhinolaryngological field in terms of its basic and clinical utility. Pharmacokinetics The distribution of BRL 25000 in mucous membrane of maxillary sinus and retaining liquid of maxillary sinus after administration of 1 tablet (375 mg) was favorable and the good transitional properties were obtained. It was similar to chephems. Clinical results BRL 25000 was administered to 26 patients (6 cases with otitis media, 9 cases with tonsillitis, 2 cases with sinusitis, 1 case with laryngitis, 5 cases with pharyngitis, 1 case with epipharyngitis and 2 cases with pharyngolaryngitis). The overall clinical effective response was obtained in 88.5% of patients. Bacteriological effects BRL 25000 was effective against amoxicillin-resistant S. aureus and K. rhinoscleromatis. Side effects No adverse reactions were seen.
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PMID:[Experimental and clinical studies on BRL 25000 (clavulanic acid-amoxicillin) in the field of otorhinolaryngology]. 655 6

Following its introduction into the market, PAPM/BP (panipenem/betamipron) was clinically studied in 188 evaluable cases out of 207 cases primarily of respiratory infectious diseases treated at the pediatric departments of 15 hospitals. In the clinical evaluation, the drug proved effective in three of three cases of sepsis; three of three cases of suppurative meningitis; nine of ten cases of laryngopharyngitis, six of seven cases of tonsillitis, 56 of 63 cases of acute bronchitis, 90 of 98 cases of pneumonia, and one of one case of phyothorax, all of which are respiratory infectious diseases; one of one case of secondary infection of a chronic respiratory disease; and two of two cases of lymphadenitis, which is a disease of the soft dermal structure. The overall efficacy rate was 91.0% (171/188 cases). In the bacteriological study, Gram-positive bacteria were eliminated in five of five strains of S. aureus, 30 of 31 strains of S. pneumoniae (96.8%), and three of three strains of S. pyogenes. Gramnegative bacteria were eliminated in 15 of 17 strains of H. influenzae (88.2%), three of four strains of M. catarrhalis, and two of two strains of K. pneumoniae. The overall elimination rate was 92.1% (70/76 strains). In the 23 strains of S. pneumoniae that were examined, penicillin-resistant strains accounted for 56.5%, showing an elimination rate of 100%. No serious adverse effects were observed, and the incidence of adverse effects was 1.45%. As for abnormalities in laboratory tests, levels of GOT and GPT increased in eight cases (3.88%), LDH increased in one case (0.48%), and neutropenia occurred in one case (0.51%). These results suggest that PAMP/BP could be considered the first choice in the treatment of infectious diseases in pediatrics, due to its effectiveness and high level of safety.
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PMID:[Clinical and bacteriological studies on panipenem/betamipron in pediatrics. Kanagawa Research Group for Infectious Diseases of Children]. 964 2

We investigated clinical and bacteriological effects of cefetamet pivoxil (CEMT-PI) on community-acquired respiratory tract infection and obtained the following results: This method of investigation was almost the same to those adopted in 1994 and 1996. 1. 512 cases of respiratory tract infection were treated with CEMT-PI under the same protocol at a total of 53 institutions in Tokyo, Kanagawa, Saitama, Chiba and Yamanashi prefectures from January, 1, 1998 over March, 31, 1998. Outpatients accounted for 99.7% of all subjects. Diagnoses given to these patients included pharyngolaryngitis (51.4%), tonsillitis (37.7%), and acute bronchitis (10.1%). 2. For the bacteriological study, a manual detailing the method of collecting specimens, storage and transport was distributed to the above-mentioned institutions. The isolation and identification of suspected causative bacteria, determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), and investigation of beta-lactamase production were conducted all together at Section of Studies, Tokyo Clinical Research Center. Suspected causative bacteria were detected in 144 (37.2%) out of 387 cases that were the analytical subjects of the clinical efficacy. The major bacteria identified were 32 strains of Streptococcus pyogenes and 19 strains of Haemophilus influenzae. The clinical efficacy (the ratio of improvement) of CEMT by suspected causative bacterium was 84.4% against CEMT-indicated organisms and 81.2% against CEMT-non-indicated organisms. 3. We investigated clinical efficacy rates (the ratio of "markedly improved" + "improved") by disease. The improvement rate was 78.4% in pharyngolaryngitis, 87.0% in tonsillitis, and 79.5% in acute bronchitis. The clinical efficacy rate was an average of 81.9% in all CEMT-PI indicated diseases.
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PMID:[Clinical and bacteriological effects of cefetamet pivoxil against community-acquired respiratory tract infections. Part III]. 1048 12

Nasal sinusitis, tonsillitis, and pharyngolaryngitis typify upper respiratory tract infections, while bronchitis and pneumonia typify lower respiratory tract infections. Cases of paranasal sinusitis with severe suppuration are reportedly becoming less frequent, while those of chronic catarrhal paranasal sinusitis and edematous allergic paranasal sinusitis are becoming more so, The primary factor in paranasal sinusitis, a typical infectious disease encountered in otolaryngology, is bacterial infection. The main causative bacteria are Streptococcus pneumoniae, reported in 13.4% of cases, Haemophilus influenzae in 12.8% Moraxella catarrhalis in 5.5%, Staphylococcus aureus in 26.5%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 5.2%, and anaerobes. The incidence of strains resistant to antimicrobial agents has grown for S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and M. catarrhalis and decreased for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Acute exacerbation or severe suppuration in chronic paranasal sinusitis requires the administration of antimicrobial agents, with the same agent administered 2 weeks for maximal effect. First-line agents are AMPC/CVA, SBTPC, CDTR-PI, CFPN-PI, and GFLX for adults, with ASPC, SBPC, ACPC, CTRX, CMZ, FMOX, PAPM/BP, and MEPM injected in severe cases. Attention must be paid to strains that resist cephems and macrolides, such as PISP, PRSP, and BLNAR. In refractory chronic paranasal sinusitis, attention must also be paid to biofilms produced by S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Suitable antimicrobial agents should be determined for treating of chronic paranasal sinusitis, in addition to the best procedure to ensure early recovery from inflammation, such as puncturing or irrigating the maxillary sinus, injecting a suitable agent, nebulization, and/or surgically widening the middle meatus.
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PMID:[Bacteria isolated from chronic upper and lower respiratory tract infections and the associated therapeutic strategies--in paranasal sinusitis]. 1651 20


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