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Query: UMLS:C0039483 (giant cell arteritis)
 3,204 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Biopsy is essential in the diagnosis of temporal arteritis. Temporal artery biopsy done in the office has many advantages. Patients tolerate the procedure well with little anxiety. There is greater convenience for the patient and ease of scheduling for the referring physician. It can be done promptly and is far more cost-effective than performing the procedure in a surgical center or hospital. Finally, and perhaps most importantly, because the in-office procedure is safe, more convenient, less stressful, and less expensive, clinicians are more likely to obtain a temporal artery biopsy when the diagnosis of temporal arteritis is even a remote possibility. Contrariwise, there is evidence to indicate that many cases of temporal arteritis are not diagnosed because of reluctance to schedule a biopsy. The ophthalmologist is in a unique position to provide help in the diagnosis and follow-up care of the patient with suspected temporal arteritis. Ophthalmologists are familiar with the disease, its treatment, and particularly its ocular manifestations. In addition to the baseline ophthalmic examination to help reveal subclinical pathology, ophthalmologists can evaluate the patient as subsequent visual complaints arise. Finally, by offering a convenient biopsy procedure, the diagnosis can be accurately and promptly confirmed.
R I Med 1995 Dec
PMID:In-office temporal artery biopsy. 880 9

The Authors describe two cases of giant cell arteritis in male and elderly patients 72 and 82 years old. In both cases the early symptoms and signs of disease (headache, fever, weight loss and sedimentation rate raised) were associated to classical histology of temporal arteritis (granulomatous inflammation with giant cells). In case 1 there was impaired vision, while in case 2 coexisted polymialgia rheumatica (pain and stiffness in the muscles of the neck, back and proximal portions of the limbs).
Pathologica 1995 Dec
PMID:[Giant-cell temporal arteritis. Anatomo-clinical study of 2 cases]. 892 30

The DNA undecamers GTACAAAGTAC (AAA 11-mer) and GTACGAGGTAC (GAG 11-mer) have been studied in solution by high-resolution NMR spectroscopy. Both duplexes form stable hairpins containing single deoxyadenosine loops and stems containing five base-pairs that are closed at the loop end by sheared AxA and GxC pairs, respectively. These molecules thus contain new AAA and GAG loop turn motifs. All protons, including the chiral H5'/H5" protons of the loop residues, were assigned using NOESY, DQF-COSY and heteronuclear 1H-31P COSY experiments. The backbone torsion angles were constrained using experimental data from NOE crosspeaks, three-bond 1H-1H coupling constants and four-bond 1H-31P coupling constants and four-bond 1H-31P coupling constants. The AAA and GAG 11-mers form similar structures in solution. The detailed structure of the AAA 11-mer was determined by the combined use of NMR, distance geometry and energy minimization methods. This structure exhibits good stacking of the loop adenosine base on the closing 5Ax7A sheared pair, with the 6A base stacking on the 5A base and the 6A deoxyribose stacking with the 7A base. All sugars in the AAA 11-mer hairpin adopt the typical DNA C2'-endo conformation and a sharp backbone turn occurs between residues 6A and 7A. This loop turn is brought about mainly by a change in the backbone phosphate torsion angles from zeta(g-) alpha(g-) to zeta(g+) alphat(g+) at the turn. The gamma torsion angle of residue 7A in the closing sheared pair also changes from gauche+ to trans. In Pu1NPu2 loop turns of the GCA, AAA and GAG types, the chemical shift of the H4' proton of the loop deoxyribose depends on the nature of Pu2; this reflects the stacking of the loop sugar on the Pu2 base and the different ring current effects of A or G in this position.
J Mol Biol 1996 Dec 20
PMID:Hairpin loops consisting of single adenine residues closed by sheared A.A and G.G pairs formed by the DNA triplets AAA and GAG: solution structure of the d(GTACAAAGTAC) hairpin. 900 Jun 25

To evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of temporal artery biopsy in the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis, the clinical records of 98 patients who underwent this procedure between 1984 and 1992 were reviewed. The biopsies were positive for giant cell arteritis in 13 (13%) cases. In addition, 9 patients with negative biopsy were considered to have giant cell arteritis based on clinical examination, while 76 patients had other diagnoses. About 90% of the patients with giant cell arteritis were women. Evaluating the clinical features and laboratory findings, a history of headache, a combination of headache and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate > 40 mm/h and a combination of headache and temporal tenderness were significantly more common among patients with positive diagnosis than among the other patients.
Acta Ophthalmol Scand 1995 Dec
PMID:Clinical usefulness of biopsy in giant cell arteritis. 901 88

We report the case of an 82-year-old woman with probable temporal arteritis complicated by extensive tongue necrosis. This severe complication was diagnosed on CT; angiography suggested the diagnosis of arteritis.
J Belge Radiol 1996 Dec
PMID:Tongue necrosis as a complication of temporal arteritis: CT and angiographic findings. 903 36

Facial manifestations due to giant cell arteritis are analysed about 102 cases. The whole facial vascular territories are involved, so we have many manifestations. Diagnosis depends on artery biopsy with Doppler aid.
Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac 1996 Dec
PMID:[Horton's disease: facial manifestations]. 903 19

The authors report a giant cell arteritis case associating trismus and hemifacial oedema in a febrile context. After spontaneous regression of other manifestations, the apparition of more typical signs allowed to associate the diagnosis of temporal arteritis, later confirmed histologically. Thus, when facing a trismus case, even more when fever is present, it seems important to associate with the Horton's disease, no matter what the antecedents found at the interrogatory be, whether initial or isolated. The Doppler reveals flux abnormalities of the superficial branches of the external carotid. The examination of facial, temporal and internal maxillary arteries has a good negative predictive value in this pathology. It would be useful in therapeutic supervision.
Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac 1996 Dec
PMID:[Trismus disclosing Horton's disease]. 903 20

The authors report the case of a 74 year old man with no known medical history who died of spontaneous rupture of the thoracic aorta due to giant cell arteritis. The description of the macro and microscopic lesions confirmed the severity of the disease of the large arteries and explained the cause of death. The authors emphasize the clinical features of this case and discuss its place in the classification of aortitis. The type, incidence and severity of the aortic disease in inflammatory arteritis are also analysed. Spontaneous rupture of the aorta without dissection or aneurysm formation does not seem to have been previously reported and could be the mechanism of some cases of sudden death.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1996 Dec
PMID:[Spontaneous rupture of the ascending aorta disclosing inflammatory arteritis]. 913 36

We report an elderly patient with aggressive steroid-refractory giant cell arteritis manifesting as myelopathy and bilateral visual loss while on treatment. Pathologically, spinal cord infarction was observed and was due to extensive necrotizing granulomatous arteritis of spinal arteries. Spinal cord damage in giant cell arteritis is rare. One prior autopsy report of spinal cord infarction in giant cell arteritis did not identify vasculitic changes in the spinal arteries.
Neurology 1997 Dec
PMID:Refractory giant cell arteritis with spinal cord infarction. 940 78

Ocular manifestations of aspergillosis are emerging as increasingly more atypical, with a wide spectrum of presentations. The classic teaching is that this fungus presents as an endogenous endophthalmitis in immunocompromised hosts. In most other ocular conditions, the index of suspicion for this infection has typically been low, especially in apparently immunocompetent individuals. However, reports continue to appear that confirm involvement of Aspergillus species in a wide variety of primary ocular and orbital conditions characterized by rapid, uncontrollable progression and, not uncommonly, death. This report highlights a case of autopsy-proven orbital aspergillosis that masqueraded as temporal arteritis in terms of initial clinical presentation and response to standard therapy. Any ocular condition that manifests even subtle atypical features, including temporal arteritis, should be regarded as suspect, and an aggressive approach to secure a biopsy of any involved sites should follow.
J Neuroophthalmol 1997 Dec
PMID:Orbital aspergillosis. A fatal masquerader. 942 79


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