Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0039483 (giant cell arteritis)
 3,204 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Some studies have suggested that distribution of HLA DRB1 alleles in polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) resembles that found in giant cell arteritis (GCA). However these data are controversial. OBJECTIVE--To evaluate in French native patients whether PMR immunogenetically resembles GCA in determining HLA DRB1 alleles. PATIENTS AND METHODS--Fourty-five patients were included in the study. Twenty-one patients with PMR alone (Bird's criteria) and 24 with GCA (ACR criteria). In 11 patients, GCA was associated with PMR. HLA DRB1 genotype was determined by PCR-RFLP analysis. Statistical analysis was performed by the chi 2 test and determination of the odds ratio (OR). Two hundred and thirty-three unselected normal healthy subjects served as controls. RESULTS--A significant increased prevalence of HLA DR1 was observed in patient with PMR alone and an absence of DR7 (0% vs 10.3%, p = 0.02, OR = 0.1). An increased incidence of DR4 and particularly *0401 allele was only found in patients with GCA (OR = 2.4). No patient with isolated PMR had DR7 genotype compared with 25% in GCA (p < 0.001, OR = 0.03). A comparative study between isolated PMR versus GCA showed a significant increased in DR1 and DR3 alleles in isolated PMR and a significant increased prevalence of DR4 and DRB1 *0701 allele in GCA. CONCLUSION--The present study emphasizes the absence of similarity in HLA DRB1 allele distribution between PMR and GCA. The association of DR7 in patient with GCA seems characteristic in French native patients.
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PMID:[HLA DRB1 polymorphism in rhizomelic pseudo-polyarthritis and Horton disease]. 852 60

Temporal arteritis is without a doubt the most frequent vasculitis. Incidence is age related and most patients are over 50. The incidence in Caucasian populations shows a North-South gradient with a clear predominance in northern Europe and in the northern part of the United States. In these populations, annual incidence is estimated at 15 to 30/100,000 persons over 50 years of age. The sex ratio (F/M) ranges from 2 to 4. Data in France, Scotland, Italy and Israel show an annual incidence below 10/100,000 inhabitants. The disease is very uncommon in persons of African or Asian ethnic origin. Histology and immunohistochemistry studies of the temporal artery walls favor a vasculitis triggered by one or more unknown antigens, but the cause of temporal arteritis remains unknown. A link with HLA DR4 was demonstrated early. The epidemiology of Takayasu's disease is less well known except for the very strong female predominance (90% of cases). The disease is frequent in Japan, Asia, India and South America, more uncommon in Europe and North America. The "gradient" is thus inverted compared with temporal arteritis. In Japan, among 300,000 autopsies, only 0.03% cases of Takayasu disease have been observed. The incidence of the disease in one study was 2.6 cases per million inhabitants per year. Unlike temporal arteritis, most cases begin early in the 10 to 30 year age range. Genetic susceptibility linked to HLA BW52 is observed in Asia while in the United States, it would appear, though on small numbers of cases, that the frequencies of MB3 and DR4 are increased. We emphasize the epidemiological relationship with tuberculosis and Takayasu disease.
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PMID:[Epidemiology and etiological factors in giant cell arteritis (Horton's disease and Takayasu's disease)]. 992 96

Parvovirus B19 (B19) causes many clinical disorders, of which the most common are erythema infectiosum, aplastic crisis complicating chronic hemolytic anemia, and hydrops fetalis. In young adults, the skin eruption caused by B19 is accompanied with polyarthritis and polyarthralgia in 60% of the cases. The joint abnormalities predominate in the hands and feet and usually resolve within a week (range 2-21 d). Serological tests show IgM antibodies against B19, confirming the diagnosis of recent infection. Protracted polyarthritis occurs in some patients and seems associated with the DR4 histocompatibility alleles. Rheumatoid factors can be produced transiently in these patients. Other autoantibodies produced in the wake of B19 infection include anti-nuclear antibodies, anti-DNA, anti-SSA/SSB, and anti-phospholipids. Acute B19 infection can simulate early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (lupus-like eruption over the cheeks, cytopenia, etc.). In addition, there have been a few reports of erosive RA or SLE developing shortly after a B19 infection, with positive PCR tests for B19 DNA in synovial tissue or blood cells. Studies in large series indicate that B19 is probably an extremely rare cause of RA or SLE. Vasculitides affecting the small vessels (Henoch-Schonlein purpura, Wegener's granulomatosis), medium-sized vessels (periarteritis nodosa), and large vessels (giant cell arteritis) can occur after B19 infection. Here again, the number of clinical cases is small.
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PMID:Parvovirus B19 and autoimmune diseases. 1263 11

The patient was a 74-year-old female presenting with abrupt onset of fever and proximal muscle pains. She had been diagnosed with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). On physical examination, there was no tenderness or dilatation of the temporal artery and ocular fundi were normal. 18F-FDG-PET revealed accumulation of FDG in the aorta as well as in the bilateral subclavian arteries, which strongly suggested inflammation of the large blood vessels. Magnetic resonance angiography disclosed stenosis of the bilateral subclavian arteries, which was consistent with angitis. This case was considered to have developed PMR at an old age with positive HLA DR4, and to have a complication large-vessel giant cell arteritis (LV-GCA). Administration of prednisolone at a dose of 20 mg/day promptly relieved the fever and the myalgia as well. It is difficult to diagnose GCA in PMR if no tenderness or dilatation of the temporal artery is present. FDG-PET is considered useful, not only for exploration of tumors, but also for evaluation of inflammation of large vessels.
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PMID:[A case of polymyalgia rheumatica where a complication of large-vessel vasculitis was diagnosed by FDG-PET]. 1940 12

We presented a 38-year-old woman suffering from acute cerebral infarction due to arteritis limited to bilateral internal carotid arteries without a condition of giant cell arteritis or granulomatosis with polyangitis. Our case is unprecedented and characterized by a young woman with wall enhancement in the internal carotid arteries on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), therapeutic effects of steroids, and positive status for human leucocyte antigen-B39, -B51 and -DR4. These disease characteristics were not in accordance with existing diagnostic criteria of vasculitis, such as Takayasu's arteritis, giant cell arteritis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and Behcet's disease. We suggested consideration of a novel "isolated internal carotid arteritis" disease concept.
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PMID:Atypical Arteritis in Internal Carotid Arteries: A Novel Concept of Isolated Internal Carotid Arteritis. 2770 42


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