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Query: UMLS:C0039483 (giant cell arteritis)
 3,204 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study of cutaneous elastic tissue and serum fluorescence supports the hypothesis that widespread destruction and resorption of elastic tissue (elastolysis) occurs in the temporal arteritis/polymyalgia rheumatica syndrome. A systemic elastolysis of this nature may be provoked by actinic (radiant) damage to the "exposed" elastic tissues in the skin and superficial arteries, the archetype of such injury being seen in temporal arteritis. Scattered giant cells are the usual agents of elastolysis but tuberculoid ("sarcoid") infiltrates often take over in the later stages. In acute polymyalgia, the phenomenon probably becomes diffuse and humoral. Elastolysis may be a direct pathogenetic link between polymyalgia and other vascular diseases such as idiopathic aneurysm and atherosclerosis.
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PMID:The role of actinically provoked systemic elastolysis in polymyalgic vascular disease. A study based on serum fluorescence and haptoglobin. 732 40

This work describes four patients with polymyalgia arteritica (PMA) and one patient with an illness compatible with PMA within one family. Of these 5 patients, 4 are siblings while one is a genetically unrelated husband. The husband had a classical GCA in 1969. Over a period of one year starting in 1975, the husband's wife and three of her siblings were affected with PMA. This observation is highly suggestive of an infectious agent as being responsible for PMA, and a genetic disposition is probably essential for development of the disease. The incubation period is probably in the range of 5--7 years.
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PMID:Polymyalgia arteritica. A report on five cases within a family. 745 29

A woman of 79 years was admitted to our hospital because of headache and high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Temporal artery biopsy demonstrated giant cell arteritis and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs were effective. Another woman of 69 years was admitted because of headache, high ESR, and polymyalgia. Temporal arteritis (TA) with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) was established in biopsy of the temporal artery, and steroid therapy was effective. In our hospital, a third patient of 81 years was also suffering from TA with PMR, but temporal artery biopsy was not performed. Those three cases were followed for several years after the diagnosis of TA. Two years later, cancer in cervix of uterus was diagnosed in first case, and acute myelogenous leukemia in second case. However, such symptoms were not observed in third case. These findings and recently described reports suggest that the patients with biopsy-proven TA may have an increased risk of developing malignancy.
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PMID:[Occurrence of malignancy in patients with biopsy-proven temporal arteritis]. 755 30

Tongue necrosis is a rare complication in giant cell arteritis, an entity in which both temporal arteritis and rheumatic polymyalgia may be included as two different manifestations of the same pathologic process. The case of a 79-year-old patient who had tongue necrosis 3 hours after ingestion of 2 mg of ergotamine tartrate is presented. This complication was the basis for the diagnosis of temporal arteritis. We reviewed possible clinical manifestations of temporal arteritis and cases of tongue necrosis in the world literature. The possible existence of triggering factors that seemed to be present in 11 of the published cases was analyzed. In seven of these cases ingestion of ergotamine derivates had taken place.
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PMID:Tongue necrosis as a complication of temporal arteritis. 780 Mar 75

This survey deals with the main clinical aspects at the diagnosis and during the follow-up of thirty consecutive patients with giant-cell arteritis (temporal arteritis and rheumatic polymyalgia), controlled over a period of 15 years. The work aimed at verifying the diagnostic accuracy with regard to a more underestimated than rare disease. We believe that such a consideration is a useful introduction to a wider research into the epidemiological and biological aspects of the disease which are still to be determined.
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PMID:[Giant-cell arteritis. Comments on the case histories of 30 patients]. 763 33

We present the case of two female siblings with temporal arteritis, polymyalgia and type B aortic dissection. Aortic aneurysms in families are well known in Marfan's and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome; they can, however, occur without signs of a collagen disorder. In patients with arteritis temporalis the incidence of aortic aneurysms is higher than normal. In a retrospective survey of 20,591 autopsies there were 443 aortic aneurysms (2%), 30 (7%) being a consequence of arteritis. Arteritic processes caused 15% of the thoracic and 5% of the abdominal aneurysms. This is the first description of temporal arteritis, polymyalgia and aortic dissection in siblings. The observation illustrates the danger of aneurysmatic aortic dilatation and/or dissection at a later or chronic stage of arteritis.
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PMID:[Giant cell arteritis and aortic dissection in 2 siblings]. 821 Oct 43

Biopsy examinations may be of great importance for the diagnosis of systemic vasculitides if they are correctly performed and some general pitfalls are avoided. Apart from technical mistakes (insufficient or too superficially excised material, necrotic tissue material without intact border areas, bad or retarded fixation), the following points should be kept in mind: Immunohistochemical and electron microscopic examinations are practically worthless for diagnostic reasons. The surgical access to the biopsy area and the tolerability of the intervention should be carefully evaluated. Biopsies without sufficient information to the pathologist about the clinical findings and the laboratory results are often responsible for insufficient pathology reports. Biopsies during or immediately after a corticosteroid treatment provide faulty results. Skin biopsies in systemic vasculitides usually present non-specific alterations. Polymyalgia does not cause a temporal arteritis and no conclusive findings within the striated musculature. A "blind" temporal artery biopsy has only a limited chance to provide findings of diagnostic value. The sites which offer the best possibilities for biopsy in various systemic vasculitides are enumerated and the possible histology findings at these sites are discussed.
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PMID:[Biopsy in systemic vasculitis: guidelines and risks]. 832 7

The autopsy findings of a 74-year-old women who unexpectedly died are presented. She had suffered from polymyalgia but typical symptoms of temporal arteritis had been absent and tentative treatment with prednisone had not improved the polymyalgic pain. The autopsy revealed a generalized giant cell arteritis involving the left temporal artery, the left common carotid artery, the ascending aorta, a submucosal artery of the ileum and the left anterior descending branch of the coronary arteries. Histology showed typical granulomatous infiltrates including giant cells, followed by thrombotical occlusion of the coronary artery branch and subsequent myocardial infarction. Giant cell arteritis is a systemic vasculitis of aged subjects with predominant localisation in the cranial arteries, but occasional involvement of any type of visceral and peripheral arteries. Coronary involvement with sudden cardiac death is not a commen complication of giant cell arteritis but has occasionally been described in the literature.
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PMID:[Sudden cardiac death in giant cell arteritis]. 903 14

Giant cell arteritis commonly presents with headache, polymyalgia, and visual signs and symptoms. Other neurological, respiratory or vascular symptoms occur in 10-30% of patients. It is extremely rare for giant cell arteritis to present initially with haematuria. Here we describe a case which presented with fever and haematuria, which emphasise the need to be vigilant about the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis as an underlying cause.
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PMID:Giant cell arteritis presenting as renal vasculitis. 964 Apr 45

The authors report a case of Horton's arteritis and associated rheumatic polymyalgia, which was complicated from a diagnostic point of view by the atypical clinical and biohumoral conditions. Both the subjective and objective symptoms were relatively unclear compared to laboratory and instrumental findings which pointed strongly to an autoimmune disorder. The coexistence of biohumoral data of a cholestatic hepatitic type, not common to other pathologies, although reported in the literature, led to further diagnostic difficulties. Diagnosis was finally confirmed by temporal artery biopsy.
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PMID:[An atypical case of Horton's arteritis and associated polymyalgia rheumatica]. 967 84


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