Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0039483 (giant cell arteritis)
 3,204 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Patients with facial pain, without overt dental disease, are often seen in both medical and dental practice. The differential diagnosis includes (a) cluster headache, in which patients have severe unilateral pains lasting 30 to 120 minutes that respond to verapamil, corticosteroids or lithium; (b) migraine, in which attacks are longer and are often accompanied by nausea and visual disturbance, and can be managed using anti-inflammatory analgesics, with or without metoclopramide, or sumatriptan, although frequent attacks are best suppressed by continuous propranolol or pizotifen; (c) trigeminal neuralgia, knifelike unilateral pains usually responsive to carbamazepine; and (d) temporal arteritis, a steadier pain very responsive to corticosteroids. There is no evidence that continuous 'idiopathic facial pain' is a result of malocclusion (i.e. the way in which the teeth fit together), and its aetiology remains obscure, although there is some biochemical evidence linking it to depression. Many patients respond to simple analgesia and firm reassurance from the physician, although antidepressant therapy (e.g. nortriptyline or dothiepin) is often of great value.
 ...
PMID:Orofacial neuralgia. Diagnosis and treatment guidelines. 769 15

Polymyalgia rheumatica is a clinical syndrome which appears after the age of 50 and is characterized by pain and stiffness of proximal muscles, rapid sedimentation rate and a dramatic response to small doses of corticosteroids. The linkage between polymyalgia rheumatica and temporal arteritis is well-known, but the connection with monoclonal gammopathy and lympho-proliferative disorders has rarely been reported. We present a 74-year-old man admitted with the typical clinical picture of polymyalgia rheumatica, which was the presenting symptom of monoclonal gammopathy and subsequently-diagnosed multiple myeloma.
 ...
PMID:[Polymyalgia rheumatica as the presenting symptom of multiple myeloma]. 779 54

The aim of this investigation was to correlate the clinical and histological findings in 85 consecutive patients with temporal arteritis. Particular attention was given to a possible correlation between optic nerve involvement and the presence of giant cells upon histological examination. Severe ischemia as in anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and central retinal arterial occlusion was presented in 37 patients (43%). Giant cells were definitely observed in 32 biopsy specimens (37.6%) and suspected in 11 additional specimens (13%): In 42 specimens (49.3%) no giant cells were present. Our study showed no correlation between the occurrence of severe optic nerve involvement and the histological findings with regard to giant cells. Statistical evaluation also failed to show a significant correlation between the frequency of pain and jaw claudication and the respective histological findings regarding giant cells. In the biopsy specimen of one patient, numerous eosinophilic granulocytes had infiltrated the vessel wall.
 ...
PMID:Temporal arteritis. Comparison of histological and clinical findings. 797 62

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is a cause of moderate to severe musculoskeletal pain in older people. This debilitating disease is characterized by bilateral proximal aching and morning stiffness in the neck, shoulders, upper arms, lower back, hips, and thighs. This article includes specific assessments related to PMR and an associated disease, giant cell arteritis (GCA). A comprehensive review of the incidence, etiology, duration of illness, pertinent laboratory studies, and medical treatment is provided for health care practitioners. A patient teaching handout summarizes key concepts. Specific clues that help the practitioner recognize the disease in patients and associated treatments are emphasized.
 ...
PMID:Polymyalgia rheumatica: a comprehensive review of this debilitating disease. 806 60

The epidemiology, relationship to giant cell arteritis (GCA), pathogenesis, pathology, clinical and laboratory features, differential diagnosis, and treatment of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) are reviewed. Patients with PMR are usually over 50 years of age, white, and female. There is an association between GCA and PMR that has important implications because of the risk of blindness and other severe vascular complications in patients with GCA. The causes of PMR and GCA are unknown, although the immune system is implicated in the pathogenesis of these diseases. PMR is characterized by muscle pain and stiffness in the shoulders and hips. The principal laboratory finding is an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The differential diagnosis of PMR includes a number of diseases that cause symmetrical arthritis. It may be particularly difficult to distinguish between PMR and GCA because patients with GCA usually have symptoms associated with PMR. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents may be effective in mild cases of PMR. However, corticosteroids, usually prednisone or prednisolone, are the class of drugs most widely used to treat PMR. They are effective in relieving the pain and reversing the abnormal laboratory values in most patients; responses can be apparent in 24-48 hours. Steroid-sparing agents such as methotrexate, dapsone, and azathioprine have no established role at present. Patients taking corticosteroids for PMR should be monitored for the occurrence of GCA and development of adverse effects associated with drug therapy. Corticosteroids are effective in treating PMR. Although patients with PMR must be monitored for the development of GCA, the prognosis for these patients is excellent.
 ...
PMID:Polymyalgia rheumatica. 822 21

Temporal arteritis is an insidious disease which, if not recognized and treated with high-dosage oral prednisone or intravenous prednisolone, can result in unilateral or even total blindness due to anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) or closure of the central artery of the retina. Unfortunately, the symptoms and clinical signs of temporal arteritis mimic those of a number of other conditions including angle-closure glaucoma, hypertension, migraine, trigeminal neuralgia, temporomandibular joint syndrome, carotid artery occlusive disease, Foster-Kennedy syndrome, and nonarteritic AION. When a patient complains of a severe pain in the temporal region, along with scalp tenderness and a feeling of malaise or depression--with or without episodes of transient loss of vision--he or she should be referred for a diagnostic work-up which includes an erythrocyte sedimentation rate and a temporal artery biopsy. We present here a review of the recent literature concerning temporal arteritis, followed by a report of an unusual case in which high-dosage prednisone therapy was effective in relieving the patient's symptoms and lowering the sedimentation rate in spite of a negative temporal artery biopsy.
 ...
PMID:Diagnosis and management of temporal arteritis: a review and case report. 823 73

Giant cell arteritis-mediated polymyalgia rheumatica is a typical disease of old age; though manifestation is rare in patients younger than 50 years, there is no upper age limit. Average disease-onset is at age 70. Typical symptoms and high serological inflammation are found. Laboratory data is nonspecific; temporal artery biopsy is imperative in unclear cases. Only glucocorticoid therapy initiates prompt pain relief, stops the inflammatory process and apprehends vascular complications. Monitoring of therapy requires careful guidance and experience.
 ...
PMID:[Polymyalgia rheumatica]. 846 77

Headache prevalence and etiology vary dramatically with age. The prevalence of primary headache disorders, such as migraine and cluster, declines with age, while the prevalence of secondary headache disorders, such as temporal arteritis and mass lesions, increases. In evaluating elderly patients with new onset of headache, a high index of suspicion for organic disease is required. Headache symptomatology also varies with age. For example, migraine may evolve into a pattern of chronic daily headache, or auras may occur in the absence of headache (late-life migraine accompaniments). A careful longitudinal headache history is therefore important. Headache management is also influenced by age. Elderly people are more susceptible to medication side effects and are often treated with several drugs. Medications may cause headaches and drug interactions may complicate therapy. For these reasons, age of onset and duration of illness are critical headache features that guide the subsequent approach to diagnosis and treatment.
J Pain Symptom Manage 1993 Feb
PMID:Headaches in the elderly. 849 6

A variety of conditions are frequently associated with the occurrence of head and neck pain. The purposes of this review are: to describe the characteristics of several musculoskeletal, neurological, and systemic conditions frequently cited as possible causes of head and neck pain and to suggest a new technique for treating head and neck pain. The characteristics of musculoskeletal conditions, such as muscle spasm, tendinitis, trigger points, and joint inflammation, and their relationship to head and neck pain are considered. The features and clinical implications of neurologic conditions, such as atypical facial pain, trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia, reflex sympathetic dystrophy, and neurogenic inflammation, are also described. The distinguishing characteristics of headaches, including cluster, tension, chronic daily, rebound, posttraumatic, and postlumbar puncture, are detailed. This review also addresses the contributions of systemic disorders, such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and the variants, and rheumatoid-related conditions, like dermatomyositis, temporal arteritis, Lyme's disease, and fibromyalgia, to head and neck pain. The results of a recent pilot study of the effectiveness of intraoral circulating ice water for resolving symptoms related to head and neck pain secondary to neurogenic inflammation are presented in this work. Ice water circulating through hollow metal tubes was placed intraorally for 15 minutes in the posterior maxillary area on 12 individuals with cervical pain and muscle spasm. In nine of these individuals, reduced cervical pain perception, upper trapezius electromyography signal reduction, and increased cervical range of motion was produced. Six out of 12 individuals had accompanying headache, which was reduced or eliminated in four cases. These findings suggest a strong trigemino-cervical relationship to neck pain and headache.
 ...
PMID:Head and neck pain review: traditional and new perspectives. 889 41

The Authors describe two cases of giant cell arteritis in male and elderly patients 72 and 82 years old. In both cases the early symptoms and signs of disease (headache, fever, weight loss and sedimentation rate raised) were associated to classical histology of temporal arteritis (granulomatous inflammation with giant cells). In case 1 there was impaired vision, while in case 2 coexisted polymialgia rheumatica (pain and stiffness in the muscles of the neck, back and proximal portions of the limbs).
 ...
PMID:[Giant-cell temporal arteritis. Anatomo-clinical study of 2 cases]. 892 30


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>