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Query: UMLS:C0039483 (giant cell arteritis)
 3,204 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Giant cell arteritis, which is probably due to disturbed immune mechanisms, has a spectrum of clinical symptoms in elderly people. In nearly all cases such general signs as loss of appetite, loss of weight and fever are present. The sedimentation rate is almost without exception about 100 mm in the first hour. The two most frequent and typical clinical syndromes are polymyalgia rheumatica and cranial arteritis. The polymyalgia rheumatica is characterized by periarticular pain which is mostly symmetrical and accentuated in the shoulder girdle. Increasingly severe temporal headache and ocular distrubances are found with cranial arteritis in more than 50% of cases. A combination of both diseases is frequent. Other arterial branches are rarely involved. The course of the disease is over a period of 1 1/2 to 2 years. Treatment with corticosteroids is indicated mainly because of the severe ocular complications with blindness. It should begin immediately, be intensive and last over a long period. Regular followup is necessary over several years in order to avoid relapses.
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PMID:Giant cell arteritis (cranial arteritis, polymyalgia rheumatica). 8 Dec 71

An 88 year old man presented with pain in the hands and wrists, associated with electrodiagnostic studies compatible with a carpal tunnel syndrome in the right wrist. Approximately seven months later he developed manifestations of bilateral temporal arteritis resulting in monocular blindness. Electrodiagnostic studies at this time confirmed the presence of a more severe carpal tunnel syndrome, now present bilaterally. We have been unable to find other case reports of carpal tunnel syndrome related to temporal arteritis. This association may be recognized more frequently if electrodiagnostic studies are performed in patients with temporal arteritis associated with pain in the hands and wrists.
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PMID:Carpal tunnel syndrome in temporal arteritis. 118 30

Symptomatic or secondary headache occurs when pain itself is a symptom of disease. It is well known that within the general population the percent frequency of secondary headache is lower than that of primary headache. Moreover, some forms do not seem to evidence particular clinical, diagnostic or physiopathological importance. The Authors investigate here a number of clinical aspects of secondary headache, in particular headache in vascular disease (stroke, hypertension, Horton's arteritis). Particular attention is paid to headache in brain neoplasia due to the interest brought about by the diagnostic problems of this disease. Lastly postural headache and its prevalence in the general population is examined. Various physiopathological aspects of this form (stress, psychosocial events) are evaluated.
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PMID:[Symptomatic headaches in internal medicine: the classification, physiopathological and diagnostic aspects]. 129 96

Dental pathology is definitely the most common cause of orofacial pain. Dentists astutely diagnose and treat the various pathologic dental conditions. The restoration of the masticatory system is usually achieved in a proficient, straightforward and predictable manner. Certain patients' orofacial pains do not have a dental etiology and are refractory to treatment. The protean manifestations of temporal arteritis may present with major pain complaints mimicking dental pathology. A case report of such a patient is presented.
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PMID:Temporal arteritis mimics TMJ/myofascial pain syndrome. 143 38

Orofacial pain can have an inflammatory, neurologic or musculoskeletal cause. Inflammatory diseases include dental abscess, sinusitis, temporal arteritis, sialolithiasis and infections of the parotid gland. Common neurologic diseases that cause facial pain are trigeminal neuralgia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, paratrigeminal neuralgia and cluster headaches. Musculoskeletal causes include temporomandibular joint syndrome and myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome. A clear understanding of pertinent anatomy and an organized approach to diagnosis will facilitate the evaluation of patients with orofacial pain.
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PMID:Orofacial pain: diagnosis and treatment. 136 Jul 64

In a series of 60 patients with Wegener's granulomatosis, 2 had initially presented with clinical signs suggestive of temporal arteritis. One of these two patients was a 69-year old woman suffering from inflammatory pain in the shoulders, wrists and knees, myalgias in the lower limbs and intermittent jaw claudication. The other patient was a 60-year old man with febrile polyarthritis predominantly affecting the knees and shoulders, and hyperaesthesia of the scalp. In both cases biopsy of the temporal artery gave negative results. Corticosteroids provided a dramatic improvement, but a relapse corrected the diagnosis. Three similar cases have been reported, but only one had a histological lesion of the temporal artery. Cases of temporal arteritis associated with pulmonary granulomatosis raise the problem of classification with localized Wegener's disease. An initial presentation suggestive of temporal arteritis may hide other systemic diseases, notably rheumatoid arthritis, periarteritis nodosa or Chug and Strauss angitis; Wegener's granulomatosis must be added to this list.
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PMID:[Wegener's granulomatosis disclosed by clinical symptoms of Horton's disease]. 177 20

The clinical features of GCA can be classified into: (1) the systemic manifestations of malaise, weight loss, fever, night sweats and depression; (2) the proximal muscle pain and stiffness of polymyalgia rheumatica; (3) arteritic manifestations of pain or tenderness due to local inflammation; and (4) arteritic manifestations of ischaemia due to narrowing or occlusion of vessels. These may occur singly or in any combination and may come and go with the passage of time. Thus GCA can result in many different clinical signs and symptoms. The feared ocular and cerebrovascular complications of the condition can be prevented by the early institution of corticosteroid treatment. Early diagnosis is therefore vital. This is a simple matter when GCA presents in the classical textbook manner, but in atypical cases diagnosis can be exceedingly difficult. The absence of a reliable way of excluding the disease means that diagnosis is often a clinical exercise. A sound knowledge of the many and varied clinical manifestations of GCA is therefore required if the physician is going to prevent the ocular and cerebrovascular complications of GCA by early diagnosis and treatment.
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PMID:Clinical features of giant cell arteritis. 180 19

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction may manifest itself clinically by a variety of presentations ranging from headache, pre-auricular pain or tenderness, otalgia, to mandibular hypomobility. Some symptoms may mimic forms of facial pain such as: temporal arteritis, migraine, cluster headache, trigeminal or glossopharyngeal neuralgias, myofascial pain dysfunction, or muscle contraction (tension) headache. This article will focus on a relatively new diagnostic tool that may be used to examine the TMJ for intracapsular pathology which may be responsible for the presenting patients' symptoms.
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PMID:The role of diagnostic arthroscopy in the management of temporomandibular joint dysfunction. 196 Jul 86

A retrospective review of 46 patients with biopsy-proven giant cell (temporal) arteritis revealed 8 (17%) whose initial presentation was occipital pain. The most likely etiology of occipital pain in these patients was occipital artery inflammation. A Westergren erythrocyte sedimentation rate less than 40 mm/hour was noted at presentation in 6 of these 8 patients. Giant cell arteritis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of elderly patients who present with occipital pain and demonstrate a normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
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PMID:Temporal arteritis with normal erythrocyte sedimentation rates presenting as occipital neuralgia. 199 19

A pathologic dental condition is by far the most common cause of orofacial pain. There are, however, certain patients who possess and exhibit myriad signs and symptoms that mimic pathologic dental conditions but do not have a dental cause. These patients pose a diagnostic dilemma for the dental practitioner. Unfortunately, there are many documented cases of misdiagnosis and mismanagement in patients with deafferentiation pain, neuropathic pain, trigeminal neuralgia, and temporal arteritis. These orofacial pain disorders warrant special consideration for the dental practitioner and are reviewed in this article.
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PMID:Special considerations in orofacial pain. 199 54


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